View source for Help:IPA/Inupiaq

{{IPA key|H:IPA-IK}}
The charts below show the way in which the [[International Phonetic Alphabet|International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)]] represents [[Inupiaq language|Alaskan Inuit]] pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see [[Template:IPA]] and {{section link|Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation#Entering IPA characters}}.

See [[Inuit phonology]] for a more thorough look at the sounds of Inupiaq and other Inuit languages.

<div style="width: 48%; display: inline-block; margin-right: auto;">
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ [[Consonant]]s{{efn|name=geminate|Between vowels, Inupiaq consonants can occur either [[gemination|short or long]].  In IPA, long consonants may be written doubled or be followed by the length sign: {{IPA|/nn/}} or {{IPA|/nː/}}.}}
|-
! IPA !! Examples !! nearest English equivalent
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|h}}</big>
| align="left"| savił̣'''h'''aq{{efn|name=qh}}
|align="left"| a'''h'''ead
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|ɣ}}</big>
| align="left"| a'''g'''iaq
|align="left"| Spanish fue'''g'''o, roughly like u'''gh'''
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|j}}</big>
| align="left"| qa'''y'''aq
|align="left"| '''y'''es
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|k}}</big>
| align="left"| '''k'''ataktuq
|align="left"| s'''k'''i
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|l}}</big>
| align="left"| a'''l'''apittuq
|align="left"| '''l'''and
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|ɬ}}</big>
| align="left"| i'''ł'''uaqtuq
|align="left"| By getting the tongue up to the roof and giving a quick breath out; Welsh '''ll'''wyd.
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|ʎ}}</big>
| align="left"| i'''ḷ'''aga
|align="left"|'''l'''ike, but more of a y-like sound
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|ʎ̥}}</big>
| align="left"| sik'''ł̣'''aq
|align="left"| Above, but whispered.
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|m}}</big>
| align="left"| '''m'''annik
|align="left"| '''m'''an
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|n}}</big>
| align="left"| '''n'''u'''n'''a
|align="left"| '''n'''ow
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|ŋ}}</big>
| align="left"| iġñii'''ŋ'''
|align="left"| si'''ng'''
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|ɲ}}</big>
| align="left"| i'''ñ'''uk
|align="left"| o'''ni'''on, Spanish '''ñ'''
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|p}}</big>
| align="left"| '''p'''utu
|align="left"| s'''p'''oil
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|q}}</big>
| align="left"| '''q'''upak
|align="left"| like '''k''' but further down the throat
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|ʁ}}</big>
| align="left"| ni'''ġ'''iruq
|align="left"| French '''r'''ester
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|s}}</big>
| align="left"| '''s'''i'''s'''uruq
|align="left"| '''s'''oon
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|ʂ}}</big>
| align="left"| iq'''sr'''aq
|align="left"| '''sh'''rub, but ''[[Retroflex consonant|retroflex]]''
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|t}}</big>
| align="left"| '''t'''alu
|align="left"| s'''t'''op
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|tʃ}}</big>
| align="left"| iñui'''ch''', tiki'''ṭ'''kaa
|align="left"| ri'''ch'''
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|v}}</big>
| align="left"| ki'''v'''iruq{{efn|name=labial|The labial fricative {{IPA|/v/}} and its voiceless allophone are [[labiodental consonant|labiodental]] {{IPA|[v, f]}} in some dialects and [[bilabial consonant|bilabial]] {{IPA|[β, ɸ]}} in others.}}
|align="left"| lo'''v'''e
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|ʐ}}</big>
| align="left"| i'''r'''i
|align="left"| plea'''s'''ure  but ''[[Retroflex consonant|retroflex]]''
|-
! colspan=3 | Marginal sounds
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|f}}</big>
| align="left"| ta'''v'''si{{efn|name=labial}}
|align="left"| a'''f'''ter
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|ɴ}}</big>
| align="left"| i'''ġ'''ñiq
|align="left"| like '''n''' but further down the throat
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|x}}</big>
| align="left"| a'''k'''łaq,{{efn|name=preconsonantal}} siñi'''kh'''uni
|align="left"| lo'''ch''' ([[Scottish English]])
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|χ}}</big>
| align="left"| mayu'''q'''łuŋa,{{efn|name=preconsonantal|{{IPA|/k, q/}} can have fricative [[allophone]]s {{IPA|[x, χ]}}, respectively, before consonants.}} anni'''qh'''uni{{efn|name=qh|{{IPAblink|χ}} exists as a separate sound in some dialects, but is merged into {{IPAslink|h|}} in others.}}
|align="left"| like above but deepened
|}
</div>
<div style="float: right; width: 48%;">
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" 
|+ [[Vowel]]s{{efn|name=vowels|Inupiaq has three vowel [[phoneme]]s {{IPA|/a, i, u/}}, which combine in every permutation to form three short vowels, three [[vowel length|long vowels]], and six [[diphthong]]s.}}
|-
! IPA !! Examples !! nearest English equivalent
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|aː}}</big>
| align="left"| '''aa'''pa
|align="left"| sp'''a'''
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|ɑ}}</big>
| align="left"| nuq'''a'''qti{{efn|name=lower|The short vowels {{IPA|/ɐ, i, u/}} are lowered to {{IPA|[ɑ, e, o]}}, respectively, when adjacent to [[uvular consonant]]s {{IPA|/q, ʁ/}}.}}
|align="left"| f'''a'''ther
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|ɐ}}</big>
| align="left"| '''a'''miq
|align="left"| n'''u'''t
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|e}}</big>
| align="left"| q'''i'''quayak{{efn|name=lower}}
|align="left"|b'''e'''d ([[Australian English]])
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|iː}}</big>
| align="left"| k'''ii'''gaa
|align="left"| kn'''ee'''
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|i}}</big>
| align="left"| '''i'''k'''i'''
|align="left"| r'''ea'''lly
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|o}}</big>
| align="left"| mitq'''u'''q{{efn|name=lower}}
|align="left"|y'''aw'''n ([[Australian English]])
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|uː}}</big>
| align="left"| k'''uu'''k
|align="left"| c'''oo'''
|-
|<big>{{IPAlink|u}}</big>
| align="left"| niġir'''u'''g'''u'''t
|align="left"| r'''oo'''f
|-
! colspan=3| Diphthongs
|-
|<big>{{IPA|ai}}</big>
| align="left"| '''ai'''vig
|align="left"| '''i'''rate
|-
|<big>{{IPA|au}}</big>
| align="left"| '''au'''k
|align="left"| h'''ow'''
|-
|<big>{{IPA|ia}}</big>
| align="left"| q'''ia'''ruq
|align="left"| f'''ia'''t
|-
|<big>{{IPA|iu}}</big>
| align="left"| k'''iu'''gaa
|align="left"| c'''u'''te
|-
|<big>{{IPA|ua}}</big>
| align="left"| '''ua'''mittuq
|align="left"| q'''ua'''lity
|-
|<big>{{IPA|ui}}</big>
| align="left"| '''ui'''ga
|align="left"| g'''ooey'''
|-
|}
</div>

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==See also==
*{{clc|Pages with Inupiaq IPA|pages}}

{{IPA keys}}