View source for Help:IPA/Mongolian

{{IPA key|H:IPA-MN}}
The charts below show the way in which the [[International Phonetic Alphabet]] (IPA) represents [[Mongolian language]] pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. The dialect used in this chart is [[Khalkha Mongolian]]. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see [[Template:IPA]] and {{section link|Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation#Entering IPA characters}}.

{| style="background: none"
|-----
| style="vertical-align:top;" |
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="4" | [[Consonant]]s
|-
! [[Help:IPA|IPA]] !! style="text-align:center;" | [[Mongolian Cyrillic alphabet|Cyrillic]]
! scope="col" | English approximation
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|f}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | ф<ref name="loanwords">Used only in loanwords.</ref>
| '''''f'''ive''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|g}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2" | г<ref>{{IPAblink|g}} and {{IPAblink|ɢ}} are contrastive in Ulaanbaatar Mongolian, but are allophones of the single phoneme {{IPA|/g/}} in some other dialects.</ref>
| '''''g'''ot''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ɢ}}</big>
| similar to '''''g'''ot'' (but deeper in the throat)
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ʲ}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | ь<ref>Always follows another consonant, and usually modifies the sound with [[iotation]] (unless used before е, in which case it is unpronounced).</ref>
| [[Russian language|Russian]] пят'''ь''', English ''f['''y''']ew'';<br>occasionally unpronounced<ref>Occasionally used before е to indicate that its pronunciation should not be blended with the consonant before it (as its sound is [[iotated]]).</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|kʰ}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | к<ref name="loanwords"/>
| '''''c'''ot''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ɮ}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | л
| Not found in English; [[Welsh language|Welsh]] '''''ll'''wyd'' (but [[Voice (phonetics)|voiced]])
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ɬʰ}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | лх<ref>Uncommon, and only found in loanwords of Tibetan origin, but occurs in some high-frequency words such as {{lang|mn|лхагва}} ("Wednesday").</ref>
| Not found in English; [[Welsh language|Welsh]] '''''ll'''wyd'' (remaining [[voicelessness|voiceless]])
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|m}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | м
| '''''m'''other''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|n}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2" | н
| '''''n'''orth''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ŋ}}</big>
| ''li'''n'''k'', ''si'''ng'''''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|p}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | б
| s'''p'''end
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|pʰ}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | п<ref name="loanwords 2">Uncommon, but more often found in loanwords.</ref>
| '''''p'''en''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|r}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | р
| [[Scottish language|Scottish]] '''''r'''oll''; [[Spanish language|Spanish]] '''''r'''osa''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|s}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | с
| '''''s'''even''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | <big>{{IPA link|ʃ}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | ш
| rowspan=2 | '''''sh'''irt''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | щ<ref name="loanwords"/>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|t}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | д
| ''s'''t'''and''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|tʰ}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | т
| '''''t'''an''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|t͡s}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | з
| ''ca'''ts'''''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|t͡sʰ}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | ц
| ''le'''t's h'''ave''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | ж
| ''ex'''ch'''ange''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|t͡ʃʰ}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | ч
| '''''ch'''ange''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|w}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | в
| '''''w'''in''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|x}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | х
| Scottish ''lo'''ch'''''; [[German language|German]] ''Ba'''ch'''''
|-
| 
| style="text-align:center;" | ъ<ref name="loanwords 2"/>
| Unpronounced.<ref>Used before я and ё to indicate that its pronunciation should not be blended with the consonant before it (as its sound is [[iotated]]).</ref>
|}

| style="vertical-align:top;" |
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="3" | [[Vowel]]s
|-
! [[Help:IPA|IPA]] !! [[Mongolian Cyrillic alphabet|Cyrillic]] !! scope="col" | English approximation
|-
! colspan="3" | [[Monophthong]]s
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ä|a}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | а
| between ''f'''a'''t'' and ''f'''a'''ther'' (short)
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ä|aː}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | аа
| between ''f'''a'''t'' and ''f'''a'''ther'' (long)
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|e}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | э
| ''b'''e'''t'' (short)
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|eː}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | ээ
| ''f'''ai'''ry'' (long)
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|i}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | и<ref>In addition to the vowel sound, и also [[Palatalization (phonetics)|palatalizes]] any consonant immediately before it.</ref>
| ''l'''ea'''f'' (short)
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|iː}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | ий<ref>Resembles a diphthong, but is phonetically and phonemically a long monophthong. ии is not used.</ref>, ы<ref>The only long vowel represented by a single letter. Although pronounced with the same vowel sound as ий, it does not [[Palatalization (phonetics)|palatalize]] the preceding consonant. Other than loanwords, it is only found in [[Inflection|inflectional suffixes]].</ref>
| ''l'''ea'''f'' (long)
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ɔ}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | о
| '''''o'''ff'' (short)
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ɔː}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | оо
| '''''o'''ff'' (long)
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ɵ}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | ө
| Southern England ''p'''u'''t''; somewhat like ''n'''u'''rse'' in other dialects
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|oː}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | өө
| ''st'''o'''ry''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|u}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | ү
| ''c'''oo'''l'' (short)
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|uː}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | үү
| ''c'''oo'''l'' (long)
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ʊ}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | у
| ''p'''u'''ll'' (short)
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ʊː}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | уу
| ''p'''u'''ll'' (long)
|-
! colspan="3" | [[iotated]] vowels
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA|ja}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | я
| between '''''ya'''m'' and '''''ya'''hoo''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA|jɵ}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | е
| '''''yu'''rt''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA|jɔ}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | ё
| '''''yo'''nder''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA|ju}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | ю<ref>Generally, {{IPA|/ju/}} in words containing э, ө, ү & е; {{IPA|/jʊ/}} in words containing а, о у, я & ё. See [[vowel harmony#Mongolian|vowel harmony]].</ref>
| '''''yu'''le''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA|jʊ}}</big>
| '''''yu'''ck'', with a vowel like ''l'''oo'''k''
|-
! colspan="3" | [[diphthong]]s
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA|ai}}</big><ref>The allophone [ɛː] is predominant.</ref>
| style="text-align:center;" | ай
| ''pr'''i'''ce''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA|ei}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | эй<ref>Also used where өй would occur, as it is not used.</ref>
| ''fl'''a'''me''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA|ɔi}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | ой
| ''ch'''oi'''ce''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA|ui}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | үй
| ''ph'''ooey'''''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA|ʊi}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | уй
| roughly like '''''wea'''ry'' or '''''Uy'''ghur''
|}
|}

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==See also==
*{{clc|Pages with Mongolian IPA|pages}}

{{IPA keys}}