View source for L.C. Concept

{{short description|35 mm film projection sound format}}
'''LC Concept''' was a [[35mm movie film|35 mm film]] projection sound format, developed in France and released in 1991. It used 5.25" 300 megabyte capacity re-writable magneto-optical disks to hold 4 or 5.1 channels of [[MUSICAM]] compressed audio. Two disks were used to hold approximately three hours of sound. The system was adopted in France, Belgium, and Switzerland. A large litigation against [[Universal Studios]], [[Steven Spielberg]] and [[DTS (sound system)|DTS]] frightened the investors. DTS had to buy the LC patents to resolve the issue.<ref>Le lexique subjectif d'Emir Kusturica: Portrait d'un réalisateur - Page 28 Matthieu Dhennin - 2006 "LC Concept - Format de son numérique associé à une pellicule 35 millimètres mis au point à la fin des années 1980 par deux ... Le procédé LC Concept a eu une existence commerciale très courte. En effet, trois ans après son apparition, ..."</ref>

The system was developed by Pascal Chedeville and [[Élisabeth Lochen]]. A standard [[SMPTE timecode]] printed next to analogue soundtrack on the film print was read by a reader connected to the playback unit kept the playback in sync. The system was tested with a re-release of the ''[[Cyrano de Bergerac (1990 film)|Cyrano de Bergerac]]'', and the first commercial release was ''[[Until the End of the World]]''.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://mkpe.com/publications/d-cinema/misc/multichannel.php|title=Multichannel Film Sound|website=mkpe.com|access-date=2019-06-02}}</ref> Overall, around 30 features were released in this format in France, among which:

''[[Basic Instinct]]'', ''[[Free Willy]]'', ''[[Falling Down]]'', ''[[Cliffhanger (film)|Cliffhanger]]'', ''[[Backbeat (film)|Backbeat]]'', ''[[Silent Tongue]]'', ''[[Boiling Point (1993 film)|Boiling Point]]'', ''[[Heaven & Earth (1993 film)|Heaven and Earth]]'', ''[[Cyrano de Bergerac (play)|Cyrano de Bergerac]]'', ''[[L.627]]'', ''[[The Lover (1992 film)|The Lover]]'', ''[[Until the End of the World]]'', ''[[The Accompanist]]'', ''[[IP5: L'île aux pachydermes]]'', ''[[Tous les matins du monde|All the World's Mornings]]'', ''[[Arizona Dream]]'', ''[[La Belle Histoire]]'', ''[[Bitter Moon]]''.

The company folded in 1994 due to a lack of funding.<ref name=":0" /> Pascal Chedeville received an [[Academy Award for Technical Achievement]] in 1995.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://users.telenet.be/nicks_auditorium/en/digital.html#|title=Nick's Auditorium : the Digital Revolution|website=users.telenet.be|access-date=2019-06-02}}</ref>

==References==
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[[Category:Film sound production]]


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