View source for Preparation and attempt

{{One source|date=February 2023}}
'''Preparation and attempt''' are related, but different standards in [[criminal law]].<ref name=CL>''Criminal Law - Cases and Materials'', 7th ed. 2012, [[Wolters Kluwer Law & Business]]; [[John Kaplan (law professor)|John Kaplan]], [[Robert Weisberg]], [[Guyora Binder]], {{ISBN|978-1-4548-0698-1}}, [https://law.stanford.edu/publications/criminal-law-cases-and-materials-7th-edition/]</ref>{{rp|681–4}}

An [[attempt]] to commit an unconsummated crime is viewed as having the same gravity as if the crime had occurred. But preparation that falls short of an actual attempt is not, although it may be punishable in some other way.

Courts have not been able to draw a clear bright line as to when acts committed in preparation for a crime are actually an attempt to commit the crime.

Some approaches, summarized in the case of ''[[United States v. Mandujano]]'', include the [[physical proximity doctrine]], the [[dangerous proximity doctrine]], the [[indispensable element test]], the [[probable desistance test]], the [[abnormal step]] approach, and the [[uneqivocality test]].

The [[Model Penal Code]] approach requires a [[substantial step]], in addition to having a criminal [[Intention|purpose]].

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Legal doctrines and principles]]
[[Category:Legal terminology]]