View source for Unit interval (data transmission)

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The '''unit interval''' is the minimum time [[Interval (time)|interval]] between [[condition variable|condition]] changes of a [[data]] [[Transmission (telecommunications)|transmission]] [[Signal (electronics)|signal]], also known as the pulse time or [[Symbol rate|symbol duration time]]. A unit interval (UI) is the time taken in a data stream by each subsequent pulse (or symbol).

When UI is used as a measurement unit of a time interval, the resulting measure of such time interval is dimensionless. It expresses the time interval in terms of UI. Very often, but not always, the UI coincides with the bit time, i.e. with the time interval taken to transmit one bit (binary information digit). 

The two coincide in fact  in NRZ transmission; they do not coincide in a [[2B1Q]] transmission, where one pulse takes the time of two bits. For example, in a serial line with a [[baud]] rate of 2.5&nbsp;Gbit/s, a unit interval is 1/(2.5&nbsp;Gbit/s) = 0.4 ns/baud.

==Jitter measurement==
[[Jitter]] is often measured as a fraction of UI. For example, jitter of 0.01 UI is jitter that moves a signal edge by 1% of the UI duration.

The widespread use of UI in jitter measurements comes from the need to apply the same requirements or results to cases of different symbol rates. This can be done when the phenomena investigated are not independent from the symbol duration time but closely related to it. For example, UI is used to measure timing jitter in serial communications or in on-chip clock distributions.

This measurement unit is extensively used in jitter literature. Examples can be found in various ITU-T Recommendations,<ref>ITU-T G.825 TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS AND MEDIA, DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS Digital networks. Quality and availability targets (03/2000)</ref> or in the tutorial from Ransom Stephens.<ref>Tektronix Jitter 360° Knowledge Series rom http://www.tek.com/learning/</ref>

==See also==
* [[Baud]]
* [[Symbol rate]]
* [[Frequency spectrum|Frequency]]
* [[Telecommunications]]

==References==
<references/>


[[Category:Data transmission]]

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