View source for Consort Donggo

{{Short description|Imperial consort of the Qing dynasty}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name         = Consort Donggo
| title        = Empress Xiaoxian
| birth_name   = 
| birth_date   = {{Birth year|1639}}<br>(崇德四年)
| birth_place  = 
| death_date   = {{Death date and age|1660|9|23|1639|df=y}}<br>(順治十七年 八月 十九日)
| death_place  = Chengqian Palace, [[Forbidden City]], [[Beijing]]
| burial_place = Xiao Mausoleum, [[Eastern Qing tombs]]
| spouse       = {{Marriage|[[Shunzhi Emperor]]|1656}}
| consort      = yes
| issue        = Prince Rong of the First Rank
| posthumous name = '''Empress Xiaoxian''' Zhuanghe Zhide Xuanren Wenhui Duanjing ('''孝獻'''莊和至德宣仁溫惠'''端敬皇后''')
| house        = Donggo (董鄂; by birth)<br>[[Aisin-Gioro]] (by marriage)
| house-type   = 
| father       = Eshuo
| mother       = Lady Aisin-Gioro
| religion     = 
}}

{{Chinese
| t = 孝獻皇后
| s = 孝献皇后
| p = Xiàoxiànzhāng Huánghòu
}}

'''Consort Donggo''' (1639 – 23 September 1660), of the [[Manchu people|Manchu]] [[Eight Banners|Plain White Banner]] [[Donggo|Donggo clan]], was a consort of the [[Shunzhi Emperor]]. She was one year his junior.

==Life==
===Family background===
Lady Donggo's personal name was not recorded in history. Her [[Ancestral home (China)|ancestral home]] was in [[Liaoning]].

* Father: Eshuo ({{lang|zh|鄂碩/鄂硕}}; ? – 1657), served as a first rank military official ({{lang|zh|內大臣}})
** Paternal grandfather: Xihan ({{lang|zh|席漢/席汉}})
* Mother: Lady Aisin-Gioro
** Maternal grandfather: Murhu (穆尔祜)
** Maternal grandmother: Lady Borjigin
* One younger brother

===Shunzhi era===
In the summer of 1656, Lady Donggo entered the [[Forbidden City]] and was deeply loved and favoured by the [[Shunzhi Emperor]]. On 12 October 1656, she was granted the title "Consort Xian". On 19 January 1657, she was elevated to "Imperial Noble Consort".<ref name="QSG 147">''[[Draft History of Qing]]'', ch. 5 ("Basic Annals 5" [本紀]), p. 147. The date is indicated as the ''jimao'' 己卯 day of the 12th month of the 13th year of [[Shunzhi]].</ref> The Shunzhi Emperor held a grand ceremony for the promotion of Lady Donggo and proclaimed amnesty. When Lady Donggo became the Imperial Noble Consort, she shared the power of managing the inner court with [[Empress Xiaohuizhang]], whom Emperor Shunzhi wanted to depose (however, the officials opposed to deposition of a second empress).<ref name="QSG 147"/>

On 12 November 1657, Lady Donggo gave birth to the Emperor's fourth son. The premature death of their son on 25 February 1658 had a great impact on Lady Donggo and the Shunzhi Emperor. Lady Donggo fell ill and died on 23 September 1660. The Shunzhi Emperor was so overwhelmed with grief that he stopped attending daily court meetings for five days to mourn Lady Donggo. It was also said that the Shunzhi Emperor was so depressed that he wanted to commit suicide, and had to be watched every day.<ref>Li Lanqin 李兰琴, ''Tang Ruowang zhuan'' 汤若望传 [''Biography of Tang Ruowang'' ([[Adam Schall]])], Dongfang chubanshe 东方出版社, 1995.</ref> Two days after her death, Lady Donggo was posthumously granted the title of empress, an uncommon gesture.<ref>''[[Draft History of Qing]]'', ch. 5 ("Basic Annals 5" [本紀]), p. 160; date indicated as SZ17.8.甲辰 (21st day of that month).</ref> She was interred in the Xiao Mausoleum of the [[Eastern Qing tombs]].

==Titles==
* During the reign of [[Hong Taiji]] (r. 1626–1643):
** Lady Donggo (from 1639)
* During the reign of the [[Shunzhi Emperor]] (r. 1643–1661):
** Consort Xian ({{lang|zh|賢妃}}; from 12 October 1656),<ref>順治十三年 八月 二十五日</ref> fourth rank consort
** Imperial Noble Consort ({{lang|zh|皇貴妃}}; from 19 January 1657),<ref>順治十三年 十二月 六日</ref> second rank consort
** ''Empress Xiaoxian'' ({{lang|zh|孝獻皇后}}; from 25 September 1660)<ref>順治十七年 八月 二十一日</ref>

==Issue==
* As imperial noble consort:
** Prince Rong of the First Rank (榮親王; 12 November 1657 – 25 February 1658), the Shunzhi Emperor's fourth son

==In popular culture==
* Portrayed by Ko Miusze in ''[[The Duke of Mount Deer (1984 Hong Kong TV series)|The Duke of Mount Deer]]'' (1984)
* Portrayed by Ng Ning in ''[[The Rise and Fall of Qing Dynasty]]'' (1987)
* Portrayed by Bo Hong in ''[[Kangxi Dynasty]]'' (2001)
* Portrayed by [[Shu Chang (actress)|Shu Chang]] in ''[[Xiaozhuang Mishi]]'' (2003)
* Portrayed by [[Océane Zhu]] in ''[[The Life and Times of a Sentinel]]'' (2011)
*Portrayed by [[Zhang Xueying]] in ''In Love with Power'' (2012)

==See also==
* [[Royal and noble ranks of the Qing dynasty]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
* {{cite ECCP|title=Hsiao-hsien Huang-hou}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-roy|cn}}
{{succession box|title=[[List of Chinese consorts|Empress of China]]|before=[[Empress Xiaokangzhang]]|after=[[Empress Xiaochengren]]|years=''Posthumous''}}
{{s-end}}

{{Qing empresses|state=collapsed}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Donggo, Consort}}
[[Category:1639 births]]
[[Category:1660 deaths]]
[[Category:Qing dynasty posthumous empresses]]
[[Category:Manchu people]]
[[Category:17th-century Chinese women]]
[[Category:17th-century Chinese people]]