View source for Kode9

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2016}}
{{Use British English|date=October 2016}}
{{Infobox musical artist
|name = Kode9
|image = Kode9-spaceape (cropped).jpg
|landscape = yes
|caption = Kode9 and The Spaceape performing at [[Mutek|MUTEK]] in 2007
|background = non_vocal_instrumentalist
|birth_name = Steve Goodman
|birth_date = {{birth year and age|1973}}
|birth_place = Glasgow, Scotland
|instrument = [[Synthesizer]], [[Sampler (musical instrument)|sampler]], [[mixing desk]], [[Direct-drive turntable|turntables]], [[bass guitar]]
|genre = [[Electronic music|Electronic]], [[dubstep]], [[future garage]], [[UK bass]]
|occupation = [[Musician]], [[Record label|record label owner]], [[remixer]], [[Disc jockey|DJ]]
|years_active = 1991–present
|label = [[Hyperdub]]
|website = http://www.hyperdub.com
}}

'''Steve Goodman''', known as '''Kode9''' (born 1973) is a Scottish [[electronic music]] artist, [[disc jockey|DJ]], and founder of the [[Hyperdub]] record label.<ref>IMO Records. [http://www.imorecords.co.uk/dubstep-3/dubstep/kode9-biography/ "Kode9 Biography"] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130420112648/http://www.imorecords.co.uk/dubstep-3/dubstep/kode9-biography/ |date=20 April 2013 }}, ''[[IMO Records]]'' Retrieved on 25 June 2012.</ref> He was one of the founding members of the early [[dubstep]] scene with his late collaborator [[The Spaceape]]. He has released four full-length albums: 2006's ''[[Memories of the Future]]'' and 2011's ''Black Sun'' (both with [[The Spaceape]]), ''Nothing'' (2015), ''Escapology'' and ''Astro-Darien'' (2022).

As owner of Hyperdub, Goodman has signed artists such as [[Burial (musician)|Burial]], [[DJ Rashad]], [[Zomby]], and [[Fatima Al Qadiri]]. Goodman has a PhD in [[philosophy]] from the [[University of Warwick]] and has published a book, ''Sonic Warfare: Sound, Affect, and the Ecology of Fear'', in 2009.

== Biography ==

=== Foundations ===
Kode9 studied philosophy at university in Edinburgh. During this time he DJ'd playing music genres including psychedelic jazz, [[rare groove]] and funk.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Kode9 Stared Into The Void And It Stared Back |url=https://www.thefader.com/2015/11/04/kode9-nothing-interview |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=The FADER |language=en}}</ref> However, around this time he started becoming interested jungle. He has mentioned his first encounter with jungle as being "the most important musical event of my life".<ref name="Wire269">''Invisible Jukebox'', [[The Wire (magazine)|The Wire]] no. 269, July 2006</ref>{{When|date=May 2024}} 

Kode9 moved to [[Warwick]] to study [[rave culture]], [[cybernetics]], [[postmodernism]] and [[afrofuturism]] at the [[University of Warwick]]. This later led to a [[memetic]] philosophy regarding music, which he has spoken about in interviews.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sandhu |first1=Sukhdev |date=16 November 2015 |title=How dub master Kode9 became the hero of zero |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2015/nov/16/kode9-nothing-album-steve-goodman-hyperdub-interview |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922155434/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2015/nov/16/kode9-nothing-album-steve-goodman-hyperdub-interview |archive-date=22 September 2020 |access-date=28 June 2020 |work=The Guardian}}</ref> He gained a PhD in philosophy from the university.<ref name="thesis">{{Cite thesis |url=http://webcat.warwick.ac.uk/record=b1364599~S1 |title=Turbulence : a cartography of postmodern violence |first=Steve |last=Goodman |date=26 January 1999 |website=Wrap.warwick.ac.uk |access-date=2020-03-26}}</ref> Here he also collaborated with the [[Cybernetic Culture Research Unit]] and was involved in running jungle nights.<ref name=":0" />

In 1997, Kode9 moved to [[London]], becoming a teaching assistant and later a lecturer.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="resume">{{Cite web|url=http://www.uel.ac.uk/hss/staff/steve-goodman/index.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090922054309/http://www.uel.ac.uk/hss/staff/steve-goodman/index.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 September 2009|title=Steve Goodman - UEL HSS (staff profile)|date=22 September 2009|access-date=2020-03-26}}</ref> At this time Kode9 began finding a lot of jungle formulaic and he was looking to expand his musical horizons. He became interested in [[2-step garage|2 step garage]], DJing the style at clubnights such as ''FWD>>''. He also played on pirate radio stations including [[Rinse FM]].<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-06-12 |title=Croydon, community, soundsystem culture: Tracing the history of dubstep |url=https://www.redbull.com/gb-en/history-of-dubstep-music |access-date=2024-05-02 |website=Red Bull |language=en}}</ref>

=== Musical artist and Hyperdub ===
In 2002, Kode9 had his first release as a musical artist; it was a track called ''Fat Larry’s Skank;'' a collaboration with Benny Ill and The Culprit.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fat Larry's Skank |url=https://www.discogs.com/release/96370-Benny-Ill-Kode9-The-Culprit-Fat-Larrys-Skank-Tales-From-The-Bass-Side |website=Discogs}}</ref><ref name=":0" />

In 2004, Kode9 appeared on the second grime compilation on [[Rephlex]] records.<ref name="dw">Derek Walmsley, "Dubstep", ''The Wire Primers: A Guide to Modern Music'', ed. Rob Young, London: Verso, 2009, p. 89.</ref> That same year, Kode9 founded [[Hyperdub]] records; the first release was ''Sine of the Dub'', a collaboration between Kode9 and [[Daddy Gee]], which was a [[minimalism (music)|minimal]], loose [[cover version]] of [[Prince (musician)|Prince]]'s "[[Sign "☮" the Times (song)|Sign "O" the Times]]". Kode9 treated the vocals to fit his idea of their delivery by "a man on his deathbed".<ref>Derek Walmsley, "Dubstep", ''The Wire Primers: A Guide to Modern Music'', ed. Rob Young, London: Verso, 2009, p. 92</ref> 

The label as become an important and influential label within the dubstep genre. In 2006, Hyperdub released [[Burial (musician)|Burial]]'s [[Burial (Burial album)|self-titled]] debut album, which ''[[The Wire (magazine)|The Wire]]'' magazine named their number one album of 2006.<ref name="Wire275">''Rewind 2006'', The Wire no. 275, January 2007.</ref> Kode9 continued his academic career working at the [[University of East London]] as a lecturer in media production, and course tutor for a master's program in sonic culture.<ref name="resume" /><ref name="artforum">{{Cite web|url=https://www.questia.com/read/1G1-156643725/kode9|title=Kode9" - Artforum International, Vol. 45, Issue 4, December 2006 |website=|access-date=2020-03-26|archive-date=26 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200326234555/https://www.questia.com/read/1G1-156643725/kode9|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Sonic Culture">{{cite web |url=http://www.uel.ac.uk/programmes/hss/postgraduate/summary/sonicculture.htm |title=Sonic Culture (MA) (Summary of programme specification) |website=www.uel.ac.uk |access-date=17 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100126092316/http://www.uel.ac.uk/programmes/hss/postgraduate/summary/sonicculture.htm |archive-date=26 January 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref> 

In December 2009, his ''Sonic Warfare: Sound, Affect, and the Ecology of Fear'', a book exploring the uses of acoustic force and how it affects whole populations was published by [[MIT Press]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/item/default.asp?ttype=2&tid=11890 |title=''Sonic Warfare: Sound, Affect, and the Ecology of Fear'' catalogue description at MIT Press |access-date=29 December 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100104212800/http://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/item/default.asp?ttype=2&tid=11890 |archive-date=4 January 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The book also explores how sound can be deployed to set moods of dread and fear, how sound can be used as torture, as a weapon and as a threat.

== Musical style ==
He has been inspired by, what he calls the "[[breakbeat hardcore|hardcore]] continuum" of British dance music; styles such as [[jungle music|jungle]], [[drum and bass]] and [[2-step garage]]. Genres that are common influences in his work include [[Dub music|dub]], [[dancehall]] (such as toasting), and [[Music of India|Indian music]].

==Discography==
===Studio albums===
*''[[Memories of the Future]]'' with [[the Spaceape]] (Hyperdub, 2006)
*''Black Sun'' with the Spaceape (Hyperdub, 2011)
*''Nothing'' (Hyperdub, 2015)
*''Escapology'' (Hyperdub, 2022)
*''Astro-Darien'' (Hyperdub, 2022)

===DJ mixes===
*''DJ Kicks'' (Hyperdub, 2010)
*''Rinse:22'' (Rinse, 2013)
*''Fabriclive 100'' with [[Burial (musician)|Burial]] (Fabric London, 2018)

==See also==
*[[Hyperdub]]

==References==
<references/>

==External links==
*[http://www.hyperdub.net Hyperdub records]
*[http://www.facebook.com/djkode9 Kode9's Official Artist Facebook]
*[http://www.kode9-djkicks.com Kode9's DJ-Kicks microsite]
*[http://www.discogs.com/artist/Kode9 Discography] at [[Discogs.com]]

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Alumni of the University of Warwick]]
[[Category:Academics of the University of East London]]
[[Category:Scottish electronic musicians]]
[[Category:Dubstep musicians]]
[[Category:Post-dubstep musicians]]
[[Category:British electronic dance music DJs]]
[[Category:1973 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Hyperdub artists]]