Ischial spine

Ischial spine
Ischial spine
	Capsule of hip-joint (distended). Posterior aspect. (Spine of ischium labeled at upper left.)
	Left hip-joint, opened by removing the floor of the acetabulum from within the pelvis. (Spine of ischium labeled at center left.)
Details
Identifiers
Latin	spina ischiadica; spina ischiaca; spina ischialis
	Anatomical terms of bone [edit on Wikidata]

The ischial spine is part of the posterior border of the body of the ischium bone of the pelvis. It is a thin and pointed triangular eminence, more or less elongated in different subjects.

Structure

Part	Attachment
external surface	gemellus superior muscle^[1]
internal surface	coccygeus muscle,^[2] levator ani muscle, pelvic fascia
pointed extremity	sacrospinous ligament

The pudendal nerve travels close to the ischial spine.^[3]

Clinical significance

The ischial spine can serve as a landmark in pudendal anesthesia, as the pudendal nerve lies close to the ischial spine.^[3]^[4]

Additional images

Right hip bone, external surface, showing the greater and lesser sciatic notches, separated by the ischial spine
Articulations of pelvis. Anterior view.
Pelvis. Anterior view.

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

^ Chaitow, Leon; DeLany, Judith (2011-01-01), Chaitow, Leon; DeLany, Judith (eds.), "Chapter 12 - The hip", Clinical Application of Neuromuscular Techniques, Volume 2 (Second Edition), Oxford: Churchill Livingstone, pp. 391–445, doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-06815-7.00012-7, ISBN 978-0-443-06815-7, retrieved 2021-02-19
^ Bharucha, ADIL E.; Klingele, CHRISTOPHER J. (2005-01-01), Dyck, Peter J.; Thomas, P. K. (eds.), "Chapter 13 - Autonomic and Somatic Systems to the Anorectum and Pelvic Floor", Peripheral Neuropathy (Fourth Edition), Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, pp. 279–298, doi:10.1016/b978-0-7216-9491-7.50016-8, ISBN 978-0-7216-9491-7, retrieved 2021-02-19
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 Christo, Paul J.; Hobelmann, Greg (2009-01-01), Smith, HOWARD S. (ed.), "Chapter 29 - PELVIC PAIN", Current Therapy in Pain, Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, pp. 216–227, doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-4836-7.00029-8, ISBN 978-1-4160-4836-7, retrieved 2021-02-19
^ "Clinical Case - Perineum & External Genitalia". Archived from the original on 2011-07-17. Retrieved 2009-05-27.

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[1] Chaitow, Leon; DeLany, Judith (2011-01-01), Chaitow, Leon; DeLany, Judith (eds.), "Chapter 12 - The hip", Clinical Application of Neuromuscular Techniques, Volume 2 (Second Edition), Oxford: Churchill Livingstone, pp. 391–445, doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-06815-7.00012-7, ISBN 978-0-443-06815-7, retrieved 2021-02-19

[2] Bharucha, ADIL E.; Klingele, CHRISTOPHER J. (2005-01-01), Dyck, Peter J.; Thomas, P. K. (eds.), "Chapter 13 - Autonomic and Somatic Systems to the Anorectum and Pelvic Floor", Peripheral Neuropathy (Fourth Edition), Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, pp. 279–298, doi:10.1016/b978-0-7216-9491-7.50016-8, ISBN 978-0-7216-9491-7, retrieved 2021-02-19

[:0-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Christo, Paul J.; Hobelmann, Greg (2009-01-01), Smith, HOWARD S. (ed.), "Chapter 29 - PELVIC PAIN", Current Therapy in Pain, Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, pp. 216–227, doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-4836-7.00029-8, ISBN 978-1-4160-4836-7, retrieved 2021-02-19

[urlClinical_Case_-_Perineum_&_External_Genitalia-4] "Clinical Case - Perineum & External Genitalia". Archived from the original on 2011-07-17. Retrieved 2009-05-27.

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