Macrosemiidae

Macrosemiidae; Temporal range: Late Triassic–Maastrichtian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Various Macrosemiiform fishes, from top to bottom A. Macrosemius rostratus (Germany, Late Jurassic) B. Legnonotus krambergeri (Austria, Late Triassic) C. Propterus elongatus (Germany, Late Jurassic) D. Propterus microstomus (Germany, Late Jurassic)E. Histionotus oberndorferi (Germany, Late Jurassic) F. Notagogus denticulatus (Germany, Late Jurassic)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Clade:	Ginglymodi
Clade:	Neoginglymodi
Order:	†Semionotiformes
Family:	†Macrosemiidae; Thiollière, 1858
Genera
	See text
Synonyms
	Macrosemiiformes Carroll, 1988;

Macrosemiidae is an extinct family of ginglymodian fish. The family first appeared during the Middle Triassic^[1] and disappeared during the Late Cretaceous. The group has been found in rock formations in Africa, Australia, Eurasia and North America.^[2] As ginglymodians, their closest living relatives are gars, with them being typically placed as nested within the Semionotiformes.^[3] Many members of the family have elongated dorsal fins, often associated with adjacent area of skin which was free of scales. These fins were likely undulated for use in precision swimming. Their body morphology suggests that they were slow swimmers that were capable of maneuvering around complex topography, such as reef environments.^[4]

Taxonomy

†Order Macrosemiiformes
- †Family Macrosemiidae, Thiollière, 1858
  - Genus †Eosemionotus^[3]
  - Genus †Agoultichthys^[5]
  - Genus †Aphanepygus
  - Genus †Disticholepis
  - Genus †Enchelyolepis
  - Genus †Orthurus
  - Genus †Petalopteryx
  - Genus †Neonotagogus
  - Genus †Histionotus
  - Genus †Legnonotus
  - Genus †Macrosemius
  - Genus †Propterus
- Incetae sedis
  - Genus †Uarbryichthys^[6]
  - Genus †Voelklichthys^[6]

Timeline of genera

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bar:periodtop
from: -251   till:  -245    color:earlytriassic  text:Early
from: -245   till:  -228    color:middletriassic  text:Middle 
from: -228   till:  -199.6    color:latetriassic  text:Late            
from: -199.6    till: -175.6    color:earlyjurassic    text:Early
from: -175.6    till: -161.2    color:middlejurassic    text:Middle
from: -161.2    till: -145.5    color:latejurassic    text:Late
from: -145.5    till: -99.6    color:earlycretaceous    text:Early
from: -99.6    till: -65.5    color:latecretaceous    text:Late

bar:eratop
from: -251   till:  -199.6    color:triassic  text:Triassic         
from: -199.6    till: -145.5    color:jurassic    text:Jurassic
from: -145.5    till: -65.5   color:cretaceous    text:Cretaceous

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color:middletriassic bar:NAM1  from:	-237	till:	-149.03	text:	Ophiopsis
color:latetriassic bar:NAM2  from:	-228.7	till:	-199.6	text:	Legnonotus
color:latejurassic bar:NAM3  from:	-155.7	till:	-149.03	text:	Macrosemius
color:latejurassic bar:NAM4  from:	-155.7	till:	-99.6	text:	Histionotus
color:latejurassic bar:NAM5  from:	-150.8	till:	-65.5	text:	Propterus
color:latejurassic bar:NAM6  from:	-150.8	till:	-65.5	text:	Notagogus
color:latejurassic bar:NAM7  from:	-147.3	till:	-130	text:	Enchelyolepis
color:earlycretaceous bar:NAM8  from:	-145.5	till:	-93.5	text:	Petalopteryx

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from: -251   till:  -245    color:earlytriassic  text:Early
from: -245   till:  -228    color:middletriassic  text:Middle 
from: -228   till:  -199.6    color:latetriassic  text:Late            
from: -199.6    till: -175.6    color:earlyjurassic    text:Early
from: -175.6    till: -161.2    color:middlejurassic    text:Middle
from: -161.2    till: -145.5    color:latejurassic    text:Late
from: -145.5    till: -99.6    color:earlycretaceous    text:Early
from: -99.6    till: -65.5    color:latecretaceous    text:Late

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from: -251   till:  -199.6    color:triassic  text:Triassic         
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References

^ López-Arbarello, Adriana; Bürgin, Toni; Furrer, Heinz; Stockar, Rudolf (2019-02-27). "Taxonomy and phylogeny of Eosemionotus Stolley, 1920 (Neopterygii: Ginglymodi) from the Middle Triassic of Europe". Palaeontologia Electronica. 22 (1): 1–64. doi:10.26879/904. ISSN 1094-8074.
^ "Macrosemiiformes". Palaeos vertebrates. Archived from the original on 29 August 2010. Retrieved 20 August 2009.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 López-Arbarello, Adriana; Bürgin, Toni; Furrer, Heinz; Stockar, Rudolf (2019). "Taxonomy and phylogeny of Eosemionotus Stolley, 1920 (Neopterygii: Ginglymodi) from the Middle Triassic of Europe". Palaeontologia Electronica. doi:10.26879/904.
^ Cawley, John J.; Marramà, Giuseppe; Carnevale, Giorgio; Villafaña, Jaime A.; López‐Romero, Faviel A.; Kriwet, Jürgen (February 2021). "Rise and fall of †Pycnodontiformes: Diversity, competition and extinction of a successful fish clade". Ecology and Evolution. 11 (4): 1769–1796. doi:10.1002/ece3.7168. ISSN 2045-7758. PMC 7882952. PMID 33614003.
^ Murray, A.; Wilson, M.; Gibb, S.; Chatterton, B. (2013-06-27). "Additions to the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian/Turonian) actinopterygian fauna from the Agoult locality, Akrabou Formation, Morocco, and comments on the palaeoenvironment". Mesozoic Fishes. 5 (21): 525–548. doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.902848.
^ ^6.0 ^6.1 Arratia, G.; Schultze, H.-P. (2012-01-01). "The macrosemiiform fish companion of the Late Jurassic theropod Juravenator from Schamhaupten, Bavaria, Germany". Fossil Record. 15 (1): 5–25. doi:10.5194/fr-15-5-2012. ISSN 2193-0074.

External links

Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera". Bulletins of American Paleontology. 364: 560. Archived from the original on 2009-02-20. Retrieved 2011-05-17.

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[1] López-Arbarello, Adriana; Bürgin, Toni; Furrer, Heinz; Stockar, Rudolf (2019-02-27). "Taxonomy and phylogeny of Eosemionotus Stolley, 1920 (Neopterygii: Ginglymodi) from the Middle Triassic of Europe". Palaeontologia Electronica. 22 (1): 1–64. doi:10.26879/904. ISSN 1094-8074.

[Palaeos-2] "Macrosemiiformes". Palaeos vertebrates. Archived from the original on 29 August 2010. Retrieved 20 August 2009.

[:0-3] 3.0 ^3.1 López-Arbarello, Adriana; Bürgin, Toni; Furrer, Heinz; Stockar, Rudolf (2019). "Taxonomy and phylogeny of Eosemionotus Stolley, 1920 (Neopterygii: Ginglymodi) from the Middle Triassic of Europe". Palaeontologia Electronica. doi:10.26879/904.

[4] Cawley, John J.; Marramà, Giuseppe; Carnevale, Giorgio; Villafaña, Jaime A.; López‐Romero, Faviel A.; Kriwet, Jürgen (February 2021). "Rise and fall of †Pycnodontiformes: Diversity, competition and extinction of a successful fish clade". Ecology and Evolution. 11 (4): 1769–1796. doi:10.1002/ece3.7168. ISSN 2045-7758. PMC 7882952. PMID 33614003.

[5] Murray, A.; Wilson, M.; Gibb, S.; Chatterton, B. (2013-06-27). "Additions to the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian/Turonian) actinopterygian fauna from the Agoult locality, Akrabou Formation, Morocco, and comments on the palaeoenvironment". Mesozoic Fishes. 5 (21): 525–548. doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.902848.

[:1-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Arratia, G.; Schultze, H.-P. (2012-01-01). "The macrosemiiform fish companion of the Late Jurassic theropod Juravenator from Schamhaupten, Bavaria, Germany". Fossil Record. 15 (1): 5–25. doi:10.5194/fr-15-5-2012. ISSN 2193-0074.

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