Methyl hypochlorite
Methyl hypochlorite is the simplest of the organic alkyl hypochlorites. It is an unstable compound that can be produced by the reaction of methanol with hypochlorous acid.[1] It was first synthesized by Traugott Sandmeyer in the 1880s.[2]
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| Names | |||
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| Preferred IUPAC name
Methyl hypochlorite | |||
| Other names
(Chlorooxy)methane; Hypochlorous acid methyl ester; Methoxy chloride
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| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol)
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PubChem CID
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| Properties | |||
| CH3ClO | |||
| Molar mass | 66.48 g·mol−1 | ||
| Appearance | Gas | ||
| Odor | Pungent | ||
| Density | 1.058 g/cm3 | ||
| Melting point | −120.4 °C (−184.7 °F; 152.8 K) | ||
| Boiling point | 9.18 °C (48.52 °F; 282.33 K) | ||
| Decomposes | |||
Refractive index (nD)
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1.343 | ||
| Hazards | |||
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| Danger | |||
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | <imagemap>
File:NFPA 704.svg|80px|alt=NFPA 704 four-colored diamond poly 150 150 300 300 150 450 0 300 Health 4: Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury. E.g. VX gas poly 300 0 450 150 300 300 150 150 Flammability (red): no hazard code poly 450 150 600 300 450 450 300 300 Instability 4: Readily capable of detonation or explosive decomposition at normal temperatures and pressures. E.g. nitroglycerin poly 300 300 450 450 300 600 150 450 Special hazards (white): no code desc none </imagemap> | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Methyl hypochlorite forms in the Earth's atmosphere by a reaction between ClO and CH3OO and is thought to be an important species in ozone destruction over the Arctic and Antarctic regions.[3]
See also
- tert-Butyl hypochlorite, a useful and relatively stable organic hypochlorite
References
- ^ Taylor, M. C.; MacMullin, R. B.; Gammal, C. A. (February 1925). "Hypochlorous Acid and the Alkyl Hypochlorite". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 47 (2): 395–403. doi:10.1021/ja01679a017.
- ^ Sandmeyer, Traugott (January 1886). "Ueber Aethyl- und Methylhypochlorit". Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft. 19 (1): 857–861. doi:10.1002/cber.188601901196.
- ^ Helleis, Frank; Crowley, John; Moortgat, Geert (15 August 1994). "Temperature dependent CH3OCl formation in the reaction between CH3O2 and ClO". Geophysical Research Letters. 21 (17): 1795–1798. Bibcode:1994GeoRL..21.1795H. doi:10.1029/94GL01280.
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