Bola language (Austronesian)
Oceanic language in Papua New Guinea
(Redirected from Xarua language)
Bola, or Bakovi, is an Oceanic language of West New Britain in Papua New Guinea. The Harua (Xarua) dialect developed on a palm plantation.
| Bola | |
|---|---|
| Bakovi | |
| Native to | Papua New Guinea |
Native speakers | (14,000 cited 2000 census)[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | bnp |
| Glottolog | bola1250 |
Phonology
Phonology of the Bola language:[2]
| Labial | Alveolar | Velar | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ |
| Plosive | p b | t d | k g |
| Fricative | β | (s) | ɣ |
| Rhotic | r | ||
| Lateral | l |
/t/ is realized as /s, ʃ/ only when occurring in front of /i/. The voiced stops /b d ɡ/ can often sound prenasalized [ᵐb ⁿd ᵑɡ] among various speakers. /ɣ/ can be pronounced as a glottal fricative [h] among younger speakers.
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | i | u | |
| Mid | ɛ | ɔ | |
| Low | ɑ |
/i/ before vowel sounds /ɑ ɛ ɔ u/ is pronounced as a glide sound [j].[3]
References
- ^ Bola at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ Wiebe, Brent (August 2004). "Bola (Bola-Bakovi) Language [BNP] East New Britain & West New Britain Province" (PDF). Organised Phonology Data.
- ^ van den Berg & Wiebe (2019)
Further reading
- van den Berg, René; Wiebe, Brent (2019), Bola Grammar Sketch (PDF), Data Papers on Papua New Guinea Languages, 63, Ukarumpa: Summer Institute of Linguistics, ISBN 9980-0-4482-9
External links
- Organised Phonology Data
- Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy, Joshua, Ruth, Jonah, and the New Testament in the Bola language of Papua New Guinea