Counties of Ireland

Counties of Ireland Contaetha na hÉireann (Irish)
<imagemap> File:Ireland_trad_counties_named.svg|400px|{{#ifeq:}|center|alt=A map of Ireland showing traditional county borders and names with Northern Ireland counties colored tan, all other counties colored green|The 32 traditional counties of Ireland desc none poly 106 348 107 348 109 348 110 349 110 352 110 355 112 357 113 359 113 361 113 363 113 366 111 368 110 370 110 372 110 374 111 375 111 377 112 378 114 379 116 380 119 381 119 383 118 386 116 389 114 392 116 394 117 396 118 398 119 401 120 403 120 406 120 409 118 411 120 413 121 415 123 416 120 417 118 418 116 420 115 421 113 425 113 429 113 433 111 433 109 433 107 434 105 434 104 435 103 436 101 438 99 440 96 441 93 440 89 442 86 443 84 445 82 447 79 448 78 449 76 449 74 449 73 447 73 444 73 442 74 441 75 438 76 440 78 442 78 439 78 438 82 436 86 436 89 434 90 433 93 433 91 431 91 429 89 430 87 430 84 431 81 433 77 434 76 435 74 436 72 436 70 436 68 435 67 436 63 437 61 441 57 443 55 444 54 442 53 441 52 439 49 440 48 437 47 435 48 433 49 431 49 430 46 432 45 433 44 434 44 436 42 436 40 437 39 436 37 436 37 434 38 432 37 431 36 430 32 429 34 428 37 427 39 426 42 424 43 423 41 421 41 419 43 418 46 417 46 414 48 413 50 413 52 412 56 410 61 410 64 408 66 407 68 407 69 405 69 403 69 402 72 403 73 404 75 403 76 402 79 401 79 399 80 397 78 397 76 396 75 396 73 396 71 397 68 398 66 399 64 399 61 399 58 398 55 400 52 401 51 401 50 398 49 398 47 399 45 399 44 398 42 397 40 399 38 400 36 401 34 403 31 402 30 400 31 398 30 397 28 395 29 394 31 393 31 392 30 389 33 390 35 390 37 392 39 391 42 391 41 389 40 387 43 386 45 385 47 383 48 383 51 381 51 381 51 383 49 385 51 386 53 386 54 385 56 385 57 384 60 384 60 382 58 380 61 380 62 379 63 379 63 382 64 383 65 385 67 385 69 386 72 387 75 386 78 386 80 385 81 384 83 383 80 382 78 382 75 383 76 380 75 377 74 374 74 372 74 371 72 370 70 370 69 368 69 367 67 364 69 364 71 365 73 365 75 364 77 363 81 363 83 360 86 359 88 356 90 354 91 351 91 349 94 352 95 350 96 349 98 349 100 350 102 350 103 348 106 348 106 348 106 348 106 348 County Kerry poly 347 111 346 113 346 116 345 119 343 119 341 120 338 121 335 123 332 125 329 127 326 127 323 126 320 125 319 124 319 123 318 122 318 118 319 115 319 111 320 108 322 104 323 101 320 101 316 100 313 100 311 99 310 97 308 96 307 93 307 91 306 88 305 82 302 76 301 70 300 62 299 54 298 46 300 43 302 41 305 38 308 38 311 39 314 39 316 39 319 39 321 40 326 41 330 44 334 46 335 46 335 48 336 49 336 52 336 55 337 58 337 61 338 63 339 65 343 69 347 74 350 78 352 81 354 84 355 87 356 85 357 83 358 82 358 86 357 91 357 95 355 97 352 99 349 101 348 104 347 107 347 111 347 111 347 111 347 111 County Antrim poly 292 44 292 44 293 44 293 44 294 44 296 44 296 45 297 46 298 48 299 50 299 51 299 53 299 54 299 57 298 60 299 64 298 65 299 67 299 69 300 71 301 72 302 74 303 75 303 77 303 79 303 82 305 84 306 87 307 89 306 91 306 93 306 94 306 95 307 96 306 97 304 98 303 99 302 99 303 101 303 102 303 103 305 104 304 105 301 105 299 106 297 107 295 108 293 108 291 109 289 107 288 105 287 103 285 101 283 100 282 98 280 98 278 98 277 97 277 95 277 94 277 92 277 91 277 89 276 88 274 88 272 88 270 88 268 88 268 87 267 86 266 86 264 86 262 86 261 86 260 84 259 83 258 82 256 81 254 80 253 80 252 78 252 77 249 78 247 78 245 78 243 78 245 77 245 76 245 73 244 70 243 67 244 66 246 64 247 63 249 62 251 61 253 60 255 60 256 60 257 60 259 62 261 61 264 62 266 62 269 61 271 61 271 60 271 59 271 57 271 56 272 55 273 54 275 52 276 50 277 47 280 48 283 49 287 49 287 48 288 47 289 45 289 44 291 44 292 44 292 44 292 44 292 44 County Londonderry poly 367 102 368 102 369 103 370 103 370 105 370 107 370 109 371 111 373 114 374 116 375 118 376 120 377 123 378 124 378 125 378 127 378 132 376 136 374 140 373 141 372 141 371 142 370 139 369 136 369 133 369 132 370 131 371 129 371 128 371 126 371 125 370 121 369 118 368 115 367 114 365 114 364 113 363 113 362 114 360 115 360 116 362 117 362 118 364 119 364 120 364 122 365 124 364 125 364 127 364 128 365 130 366 132 365 134 365 137 364 140 366 142 367 143 368 144 369 145 369 147 369 148 369 149 368 150 367 150 364 151 361 153 358 155 357 153 355 152 353 150 352 153 352 156 350 159 349 160 350 161 350 163 349 165 349 168 347 170 346 171 345 174 343 174 342 175 340 176 340 177 335 176 330 174 325 172 323 172 322 171 320 170 319 168 317 165 317 161 316 159 317 156 316 153 316 149 316 146 317 142 315 141 314 139 312 138 314 136 316 134 317 132 319 130 320 127 322 125 325 125 327 127 330 128 332 126 334 125 335 124 337 123 338 120 339 119 340 118 342 118 343 118 345 118 345 116 346 116 347 114 346 112 347 111 349 110 351 108 353 107 355 105 357 105 360 105 362 104 364 102 367 102 367 102 367 102 367 102 County Down poly 319 123 319 123 319 124 320 125 320 125 321 125 322 125 321 127 319 130 317 132 316 134 314 136 312 138 314 139 315 141 317 142 317 144 316 145 316 147 316 149 316 150 316 152 317 154 316 157 316 159 317 161 317 163 318 165 318 167 319 169 320 170 321 171 320 172 320 172 319 173 318 173 318 174 316 174 314 176 312 177 310 178 307 179 304 180 303 180 303 180 302 180 301 179 299 177 298 176 298 173 298 171 298 169 298 166 297 164 296 162 295 162 293 162 292 163 290 162 289 161 288 160 286 157 285 154 283 152 283 149 283 147 282 144 284 141 286 138 288 136 290 135 293 134 295 133 295 131 295 130 295 128 297 127 298 125 299 124 300 124 301 125 302 125 303 126 303 124 304 124 306 124 307 124 309 124 311 124 312 125 313 125 314 125 316 125 316 124 317 123 318 123 319 123 319 123 319 123 319 123 County Armagh poly 320 172 321 173 322 174 324 175 326 176 328 178 330 180 331 180 332 181 334 181 333 182 333 183 333 184 331 184 329 184 328 184 326 184 325 185 324 185 322 184 320 183 319 181 318 182 317 183 317 184 317 187 317 190 317 193 317 194 317 194 318 195 320 196 323 197 325 198 325 200 325 201 325 202 325 203 326 204 326 205 326 209 325 212 325 215 322 215 320 215 318 214 317 214 316 213 315 213 313 212 312 211 311 209 308 209 306 209 304 209 304 208 303 207 303 206 302 204 301 202 299 199 297 198 295 197 292 195 294 195 295 194 296 194 297 193 298 192 299 191 300 189 301 188 302 186 302 184 302 182 302 180 306 179 309 178 312 177 313 177 314 176 315 175 317 174 318 173 320 172 320 172 320 172 320 172 County Louth poly 251 77 251 77 252 77 252 78 252 79 254 80 255 81 257 81 259 83 261 85 262 86 263 87 265 86 266 86 267 86 268 88 270 88 272 88 274 88 275 88 277 88 277 90 278 92 277 95 277 97 278 97 280 98 282 98 283 99 284 101 286 102 288 103 288 105 290 107 290 108 291 109 293 108 296 108 299 105 303 105 305 104 305 106 305 107 305 109 304 111 304 112 303 113 301 113 300 113 299 115 299 117 299 119 299 121 298 123 299 124 298 125 297 127 295 128 295 129 295 131 295 133 293 134 291 135 289 136 286 138 284 141 282 144 281 143 280 141 278 140 278 139 278 137 278 136 276 136 275 136 273 135 271 135 270 136 269 137 267 138 267 140 266 142 264 143 263 144 261 144 259 144 258 144 256 143 254 143 253 141 252 140 250 138 248 135 245 134 243 132 242 134 240 134 238 135 237 133 235 133 234 133 232 134 231 134 231 133 230 131 230 129 231 128 232 126 233 125 234 122 232 120 231 118 230 116 227 115 226 113 224 112 224 111 224 109 224 107 222 109 221 110 219 110 221 113 219 113 217 113 216 112 214 111 214 109 213 107 213 106 214 104 216 101 217 99 219 99 220 99 221 99 223 100 225 99 226 99 228 98 230 97 232 98 234 98 235 98 235 96 237 94 236 92 237 90 237 88 239 87 240 85 241 83 242 80 244 78 246 78 249 78 251 77 251 77 251 77 251 77 County Tyrone poly 320 322 320 322 321 322 321 323 325 324 328 325 332 326 334 326 334 327 335 329 335 330 336 330 335 331 334 333 334 335 334 338 332 338 332 340 332 342 331 343 332 345 333 346 333 349 333 351 333 354 331 359 328 363 325 368 323 371 321 373 319 376 317 376 315 376 313 376 312 375 312 376 312 378 313 379 314 379 315 380 317 381 318 381 320 382 321 382 323 382 323 383 323 385 325 387 326 390 326 391 325 392 325 394 322 394 320 394 318 394 317 394 316 393 315 392 314 392 313 394 312 394 310 395 308 396 306 397 305 395 304 394 303 393 301 392 299 392 298 392 296 392 295 391 295 390 294 389 293 388 292 389 291 389 290 389 289 391 288 392 288 395 288 397 287 398 286 399 285 400 283 399 282 399 281 398 282 397 283 395 283 394 282 393 281 391 280 390 279 389 279 387 279 385 279 384 278 384 277 383 277 382 277 380 277 379 277 378 277 375 276 377 278 374 279 371 281 368 282 366 281 364 281 363 285 359 288 355 291 352 291 350 291 347 291 345 294 344 296 343 299 342 300 341 300 339 301 338 302 337 302 335 304 334 305 335 306 335 307 336 309 334 312 333 315 332 316 331 317 329 318 328 320 326 320 324 320 322 320 322 320 322 320 322 County Wexford poly 328 224 329 225 330 226 331 227 332 231 335 234 337 238 336 239 334 240 333 241 332 243 332 244 332 245 332 246 332 247 333 248 333 250 334 251 334 252 335 253 337 254 338 255 337 256 336 256 335 257 333 258 331 258 329 259 329 260 330 262 330 264 332 265 334 266 336 267 336 269 336 270 337 272 337 273 337 274 337 276 337 276 338 277 337 277 335 276 333 275 332 274 331 275 330 276 329 278 328 277 327 276 325 275 324 276 323 277 322 278 321 277 319 276 318 275 316 274 313 273 311 273 310 271 308 269 307 268 306 267 307 266 307 265 308 264 309 262 310 260 311 259 311 257 312 255 312 254 313 253 313 252 315 250 317 249 319 247 319 245 319 244 319 242 318 241 317 239 316 238 315 237 315 235 314 234 315 233 316 232 317 231 319 231 320 231 322 231 323 232 323 231 324 230 325 230 326 228 326 227 327 226 327 225 328 224 328 224 328 224 328 224 County Dublin poly 311 273 313 273 315 274 318 274 319 276 321 277 322 278 323 277 324 276 325 275 327 276 328 277 329 278 330 276 331 275 332 274 333 275 335 276 336 277 337 277 338 277 338 279 340 282 341 285 343 288 343 290 343 291 343 293 344 297 344 300 344 304 344 307 344 311 344 314 342 316 341 317 340 319 338 322 338 325 337 328 336 328 337 330 335 330 335 329 334 327 333 326 329 325 326 324 322 323 320 326 317 329 315 332 312 333 309 334 307 336 306 335 305 335 304 334 303 332 303 330 302 328 302 327 301 326 300 325 301 324 302 323 303 322 305 321 307 321 309 321 309 320 309 318 309 317 309 316 309 314 308 313 308 312 307 312 306 313 304 312 303 311 301 310 298 310 296 310 293 310 292 307 290 304 289 301 289 300 290 299 291 297 292 295 293 294 295 292 296 291 299 290 300 288 302 286 304 284 306 282 307 281 307 279 307 278 306 277 306 276 307 276 308 275 310 274 311 273 311 273 311 273 311 273 County Wicklow poly 271 135 273 135 275 136 278 136 278 137 278 139 278 140 279 141 281 143 282 144 283 146 283 149 283 152 285 154 286 157 288 160 289 161 290 162 292 163 293 162 295 162 296 162 297 163 297 164 297 165 298 169 298 172 298 176 298 177 299 177 300 178 301 179 301 180 302 180 302 182 302 183 302 185 302 186 301 187 300 189 300 191 298 192 297 194 295 194 293 195 292 195 290 194 289 193 287 191 285 190 285 189 283 187 282 185 280 183 278 182 276 180 274 178 272 176 270 175 269 174 268 172 265 172 262 173 260 173 257 173 255 172 252 172 253 171 253 169 254 168 254 167 254 166 253 165 254 163 255 162 256 160 257 158 259 157 261 155 262 154 261 153 261 152 260 150 260 148 260 146 260 145 262 145 262 144 263 144 264 143 266 142 266 141 267 140 268 139 268 137 270 136 271 135 271 135 271 135 271 135 County Monaghan poly 249 25 251 25 252 26 253 27 259 29 264 35 271 37 272 38 271 41 272 43 270 44 268 46 265 47 262 49 260 51 258 54 256 55 255 57 254 60 251 62 247 64 244 66 243 67 244 70 244 72 244 74 245 77 243 79 241 83 238 86 237 91 237 94 235 96 233 98 228 99 223 99 218 99 216 101 214 103 214 105 213 107 213 109 215 110 216 112 218 113 219 111 221 109 223 110 224 111 223 112 222 113 221 115 219 116 219 119 217 119 213 121 209 121 206 121 205 122 204 124 203 126 201 127 199 128 197 130 195 131 193 131 191 130 189 130 188 128 187 127 189 123 191 119 195 115 196 114 198 112 196 111 195 108 193 110 191 111 189 112 186 113 184 112 182 110 182 113 181 114 180 117 177 116 175 117 176 115 176 114 177 112 175 112 172 111 170 112 167 113 164 112 161 111 158 111 158 109 157 107 156 106 153 104 154 103 155 101 157 100 159 99 162 98 162 96 163 93 167 94 170 96 173 98 174 96 175 94 176 93 174 92 172 91 171 89 172 87 173 86 175 86 178 86 181 87 184 88 184 86 183 84 183 82 181 81 178 80 176 79 173 78 177 76 178 75 177 73 175 72 176 70 177 68 177 65 179 65 181 63 183 63 185 64 185 62 185 60 185 58 184 55 186 53 187 52 191 51 195 51 198 50 201 48 204 47 206 44 207 43 206 47 208 48 210 49 211 51 213 51 216 51 214 48 214 47 213 45 216 44 217 42 218 41 220 40 222 40 224 39 227 41 229 42 231 45 232 49 234 53 233 56 232 59 232 62 232 65 230 66 228 69 226 70 229 73 230 71 232 69 235 67 238 65 238 62 239 59 239 55 239 50 237 45 236 40 236 39 238 37 239 36 242 36 245 36 247 36 249 36 253 37 251 35 250 32 248 30 246 28 244 27 248 26 249 25 249 25 249 25 249 25 County Donegal poly 225 112 227 115 229 116 231 118 232 120 233 121 233 123 232 125 231 127 230 129 230 131 231 133 231 134 232 134 233 133 235 133 236 133 237 134 238 134 240 134 241 133 243 133 244 133 245 134 246 134 249 137 252 140 255 142 255 144 257 143 258 144 259 144 262 144 260 145 259 146 260 147 260 148 260 150 261 152 261 155 260 156 258 158 256 159 255 161 254 163 254 164 252 166 250 167 249 169 247 169 246 168 244 168 243 168 242 169 241 170 239 169 238 168 236 167 234 166 232 166 230 165 229 164 228 163 226 162 225 161 224 159 223 160 222 160 220 160 219 160 217 158 215 155 213 153 211 152 210 150 208 150 206 148 203 146 201 144 200 141 197 140 195 138 194 136 192 134 192 131 194 131 196 130 199 129 201 128 202 127 204 125 205 124 205 122 206 121 207 120 209 120 210 120 212 120 213 121 215 121 213 122 212 122 211 123 210 124 208 125 208 126 209 127 207 129 209 129 211 128 214 129 216 130 219 132 222 134 225 136 226 137 227 139 229 141 230 142 229 139 230 139 229 137 229 135 227 133 225 132 224 130 223 127 223 126 222 124 223 123 224 122 222 122 221 121 220 121 219 120 218 121 217 121 216 121 217 120 219 119 219 117 220 115 220 114 221 114 222 114 223 113 224 113 225 112 225 112 225 112 225 112 County Fermanagh poly 248 374 249 375 249 376 250 377 251 378 253 379 255 381 256 382 257 384 258 386 259 387 261 388 263 389 264 388 265 387 266 386 268 387 270 389 272 389 274 390 276 390 278 391 278 393 278 394 278 396 278 397 277 398 276 400 275 401 272 402 271 403 270 402 269 400 268 400 267 399 266 399 265 400 263 401 262 401 260 401 256 401 252 401 248 401 245 402 243 404 240 405 238 405 235 405 232 406 233 407 233 408 234 409 235 411 235 413 236 415 234 416 233 417 232 418 230 418 229 419 229 421 228 423 227 424 225 425 224 425 223 424 221 423 220 422 219 421 219 419 218 418 218 416 217 417 215 416 215 417 215 419 213 418 211 416 209 415 208 414 208 412 207 411 205 409 202 406 200 404 197 402 196 400 195 397 196 396 197 394 198 393 198 392 200 392 201 392 203 392 206 391 208 390 209 390 210 391 211 391 213 392 216 392 218 392 220 392 220 391 221 390 222 390 224 389 223 388 222 385 221 382 221 379 223 378 225 377 228 377 232 376 236 376 239 376 242 376 245 375 248 374 248 374 248 374 248 374 County Waterford poly 150 372 154 373 157 374 161 376 163 378 165 381 167 384 169 384 172 385 174 383 176 382 179 382 180 380 183 381 185 382 188 382 190 383 194 381 194 384 194 386 192 389 195 390 197 392 198 393 196 395 193 397 196 399 197 402 200 405 205 408 207 412 208 414 210 416 212 417 214 418 216 419 216 422 216 424 212 426 214 428 217 430 213 431 211 432 208 434 205 437 202 439 200 441 197 441 195 441 194 440 188 439 190 438 193 436 193 434 192 431 191 427 189 431 186 430 183 428 186 432 187 434 187 436 182 437 184 439 185 440 186 444 185 445 181 446 179 449 176 451 174 452 170 451 170 454 171 457 169 458 167 460 164 458 162 457 159 455 158 454 153 455 155 457 158 459 157 461 157 464 154 462 150 461 147 460 144 459 144 463 143 465 141 467 138 466 135 466 132 465 128 467 125 465 123 465 124 470 121 470 119 471 121 476 118 474 115 472 113 473 111 474 110 472 107 471 104 469 103 466 101 467 100 469 97 471 93 470 90 471 87 471 85 472 84 474 82 475 79 474 77 474 75 474 78 470 79 470 83 467 87 466 91 464 94 463 96 462 93 460 89 460 86 463 82 464 80 464 78 467 76 466 74 466 74 461 76 461 81 461 84 459 88 457 92 456 97 456 100 454 103 452 103 450 100 449 98 447 97 444 94 446 92 448 89 451 86 451 83 450 80 450 79 453 78 456 75 457 73 459 71 458 68 456 67 457 63 458 59 457 55 459 54 461 51 461 49 460 49 457 52 456 54 455 58 455 54 452 55 450 57 448 60 450 62 450 64 450 67 451 66 447 65 445 68 443 70 442 73 441 74 443 73 446 73 449 75 450 78 449 81 448 83 446 86 443 88 442 91 441 94 441 99 441 101 437 104 435 107 433 110 433 113 433 113 430 113 427 114 425 114 422 116 420 118 419 119 417 123 416 121 414 118 412 120 409 119 406 120 401 117 396 114 392 116 389 117 386 119 383 119 381 120 379 122 378 124 376 127 379 129 378 132 378 134 379 137 380 140 379 144 379 146 377 149 376 148 372 150 372 150 372 150 372 150 372 County Cork poly 174 336 176 336 178 337 179 337 181 337 183 336 184 336 188 337 191 337 195 337 193 339 191 342 188 344 188 345 190 346 190 347 189 350 188 353 187 356 185 357 182 359 179 360 179 362 179 363 178 365 180 365 181 365 183 365 184 367 186 368 187 370 188 373 190 375 192 377 193 378 194 380 194 382 194 383 193 381 191 382 189 382 186 382 184 381 183 381 181 379 180 381 178 382 175 383 173 384 171 384 169 384 167 384 166 383 165 381 164 380 162 378 162 376 160 375 157 373 154 373 150 372 149 372 148 372 148 374 147 375 146 377 144 378 142 379 140 379 138 380 137 381 135 379 134 379 132 378 131 378 129 378 127 379 126 378 124 377 123 376 122 378 121 379 120 380 119 380 119 382 117 380 115 380 113 378 112 378 112 377 111 375 110 374 110 373 110 371 110 369 111 368 112 366 113 365 112 363 113 361 113 359 112 358 112 357 110 354 111 351 110 349 114 349 117 348 120 348 124 347 129 346 133 344 135 344 136 342 138 341 142 341 146 341 151 341 153 342 156 341 159 340 162 340 165 339 168 338 169 335 171 332 173 328 174 331 174 334 174 336 County Limerick poly 132 280 133 282 135 283 136 284 137 287 138 290 140 292 142 293 143 295 143 297 145 299 144 301 144 303 147 303 149 302 151 301 154 300 157 299 160 298 162 298 164 296 166 297 169 298 172 300 175 302 177 302 180 301 182 302 183 302 182 305 182 306 180 306 178 307 175 307 173 308 172 310 170 311 171 315 172 319 173 322 175 324 174 326 173 328 173 330 171 332 170 334 169 336 169 338 167 338 164 339 162 340 159 339 154 338 148 336 143 336 142 335 138 337 139 335 137 333 137 331 136 329 136 328 138 326 139 325 139 323 138 322 137 320 136 322 135 324 134 325 132 326 132 329 132 331 131 333 129 335 128 338 125 341 123 343 119 345 118 345 116 346 115 345 112 344 115 343 116 342 113 342 110 342 107 344 106 345 103 344 101 344 99 342 97 340 95 338 94 340 93 341 93 343 93 345 90 343 89 343 88 344 86 345 85 346 83 347 81 349 79 349 76 350 74 349 71 349 71 348 73 346 74 345 76 345 78 344 80 342 82 342 82 340 83 339 84 338 86 338 88 338 89 335 91 333 92 330 94 329 95 327 97 326 99 326 101 326 100 324 98 322 101 321 101 320 104 318 107 315 108 312 109 311 110 309 109 308 108 306 106 308 105 308 103 309 104 306 104 305 104 303 104 302 106 301 108 300 108 298 109 297 110 294 113 292 114 290 115 288 116 286 116 285 116 283 116 281 118 282 120 281 122 282 123 283 124 285 125 285 127 285 129 284 131 282 132 280 132 280 132 280 132 280 County Clare poly 293 309 293 309 293 310 293 310 294 310 295 310 296 310 297 310 299 310 301 310 302 311 304 312 305 312 306 313 307 312 307 312 308 313 308 314 309 315 309 317 309 319 309 321 307 321 305 321 303 322 302 323 301 324 300 325 301 326 301 327 302 328 303 329 303 331 303 332 303 333 304 334 303 335 302 337 300 339 299 342 296 343 294 344 291 345 291 347 291 350 291 352 288 355 285 358 281 362 281 360 280 359 279 357 280 356 281 355 281 353 282 352 281 352 281 351 279 349 278 347 276 345 275 343 275 341 275 339 273 338 272 337 270 335 270 334 270 332 270 331 270 329 271 328 271 326 271 325 272 325 272 324 274 323 276 321 278 319 279 318 280 317 281 316 283 315 285 315 287 315 288 314 289 313 290 313 291 312 292 310 293 309 293 309 293 309 293 309 County Carlow poly 263 314 264 315 265 315 266 316 267 317 265 318 265 319 264 321 266 320 267 320 268 321 269 322 270 323 270 323 271 325 271 325 271 326 271 327 270 329 269 331 270 333 270 335 272 337 273 338 275 339 275 341 275 342 276 344 275 345 276 346 277 347 279 348 280 350 282 353 281 354 280 355 280 356 279 357 280 358 280 359 282 362 281 365 281 368 280 370 278 373 277 375 276 377 276 380 275 382 273 383 271 384 269 386 268 386 266 387 266 386 265 387 264 388 263 388 261 388 259 387 258 386 257 385 256 383 256 382 255 380 253 380 252 379 250 378 249 376 248 375 248 372 248 370 248 368 247 367 246 366 244 365 243 363 243 362 242 360 242 359 242 358 243 357 244 355 242 354 242 352 242 351 241 350 242 349 241 347 240 345 239 344 238 341 237 338 236 335 235 335 233 334 232 334 231 333 230 331 229 330 228 329 228 327 228 326 228 325 229 324 230 323 231 323 233 322 234 322 236 323 238 324 240 325 241 325 242 327 243 325 243 324 244 324 245 324 246 323 248 324 248 323 249 322 249 320 250 320 253 319 256 317 259 315 260 314 261 314 263 314 263 314 263 314 263 314 County Kilkenny poly 247 275 248 276 250 277 252 278 252 279 252 280 252 281 252 282 253 283 253 284 256 283 258 283 260 283 262 282 265 283 267 282 268 282 268 283 268 284 270 287 270 290 271 292 270 294 270 295 269 297 269 298 270 300 270 301 271 302 273 302 275 303 277 304 278 306 280 308 280 311 280 313 280 316 280 317 279 318 278 319 277 321 275 322 273 323 273 324 272 325 271 325 270 323 269 322 268 320 267 320 266 320 265 320 265 319 266 318 266 316 265 316 265 315 264 315 263 314 261 314 260 314 259 315 257 316 256 317 254 318 251 319 249 320 249 321 248 322 248 323 247 324 245 324 244 324 243 324 243 325 242 326 240 325 238 324 235 322 235 322 234 322 233 322 232 323 230 323 230 324 229 324 229 326 228 326 227 324 226 322 226 320 225 318 225 316 225 314 226 313 227 312 228 310 227 309 226 308 225 307 225 306 223 306 224 305 225 302 226 299 228 296 229 294 231 293 233 291 232 289 231 288 230 286 231 286 233 285 234 284 234 283 234 281 235 280 237 279 239 278 242 278 243 277 245 276 247 275 247 275 247 275 247 275 County Laois poly 199 281 199 281 200 281 200 282 201 283 202 285 202 286 204 288 206 288 208 289 210 290 208 292 207 293 206 295 207 298 206 300 205 303 203 305 201 307 201 309 200 312 202 313 203 316 206 317 207 320 208 318 208 316 209 315 213 313 216 309 219 305 221 306 224 305 226 308 227 309 229 310 227 312 226 313 225 314 225 316 225 320 227 323 228 326 228 326 228 328 229 330 230 331 231 334 234 334 235 335 237 336 237 338 238 341 240 345 242 348 242 350 241 351 242 353 243 354 243 356 242 357 242 359 242 361 243 362 243 364 245 365 246 367 248 367 248 369 248 371 248 372 249 375 247 375 243 376 239 376 234 376 230 376 225 378 221 379 221 382 221 385 222 387 224 389 222 390 221 391 220 393 218 392 216 392 213 392 211 391 208 390 206 391 204 392 201 392 200 392 198 393 197 392 196 391 194 390 193 389 193 387 194 384 194 382 194 383 194 380 193 379 193 376 190 375 189 373 187 371 185 368 183 366 182 365 180 365 178 365 178 364 179 361 179 360 182 359 185 357 187 356 188 353 189 351 190 348 191 346 189 345 188 344 190 342 193 339 195 337 191 337 188 337 185 337 183 336 182 336 180 337 178 337 176 336 174 336 174 334 174 331 173 329 174 325 175 322 176 319 177 316 179 313 182 311 183 310 185 312 186 313 187 310 188 306 187 303 187 301 188 298 189 296 190 294 192 293 194 291 196 290 193 289 192 288 191 286 193 285 193 283 195 283 197 282 199 281 199 281 199 281 199 281 County Tipperary poly 293 195 295 197 297 198 299 199 301 202 303 206 304 209 305 210 306 209 308 209 309 210 310 209 311 210 313 211 314 213 316 214 318 215 320 214 322 215 323 215 325 215 325 214 326 217 327 221 328 224 328 225 327 227 326 228 325 229 324 230 323 231 322 231 320 231 319 231 317 231 316 231 316 232 315 233 314 234 315 236 316 238 318 240 319 242 319 243 319 245 319 247 317 248 316 250 314 251 314 252 312 253 312 254 310 254 308 252 306 251 303 251 300 252 297 252 294 251 292 250 290 249 289 250 287 249 286 249 282 249 278 250 275 250 272 251 269 253 267 254 264 253 262 251 259 250 261 249 262 248 264 247 266 245 269 243 272 241 272 239 272 236 272 234 272 233 273 233 274 232 275 230 275 228 275 226 274 224 273 223 272 221 272 219 272 222 272 223 271 224 271 226 270 225 269 225 268 224 267 223 264 221 260 220 257 218 256 217 256 215 255 214 253 212 251 210 248 209 248 209 250 208 251 208 253 207 255 208 257 208 258 208 260 208 262 207 263 207 264 206 265 207 266 208 267 210 268 209 270 208 272 208 274 208 276 208 277 208 276 206 277 203 277 200 277 197 280 198 284 198 287 199 289 198 291 196 293 195 293 195 293 195 293 195 County Meath poly 279 249 279 249 279 249 279 249 280 249 282 249 283 249 285 249 288 250 290 249 292 250 294 251 296 252 299 252 302 251 305 251 307 252 308 253 310 254 311 254 313 254 312 255 311 257 311 260 309 262 308 263 307 265 307 267 307 268 308 269 309 271 309 271 310 272 310 273 309 274 308 275 306 277 307 278 307 279 307 281 305 283 303 286 301 288 300 289 298 290 296 291 294 292 293 294 292 295 291 297 290 299 289 301 290 303 291 306 292 308 293 309 293 310 292 311 291 312 290 313 288 314 287 315 285 315 284 315 283 315 281 315 280 316 280 313 280 311 280 308 278 306 277 305 275 303 274 302 272 302 270 301 269 301 270 300 269 299 269 297 270 295 270 294 271 293 270 291 270 290 270 287 269 285 268 282 266 282 264 280 262 279 260 279 261 278 263 278 265 277 267 277 269 277 269 275 269 274 269 272 270 271 271 269 272 268 272 266 272 265 271 264 270 260 269 257 267 254 271 252 275 250 279 249 279 249 279 249 279 249 County Kildare poly 208 150 210 150 211 152 213 153 215 155 217 158 219 160 221 160 222 160 224 160 226 161 227 162 229 164 230 166 232 166 234 166 236 166 238 168 240 169 241 170 242 169 244 168 245 168 247 169 249 169 250 167 251 166 253 165 254 164 254 167 254 167 254 169 253 171 252 172 254 172 257 173 259 173 262 173 265 172 268 172 269 173 269 174 271 175 274 177 276 180 279 182 281 184 283 186 284 188 286 191 288 192 290 193 290 194 292 195 292 195 291 196 289 198 287 199 284 198 280 198 277 197 277 201 277 204 276 208 273 208 271 208 268 209 266 210 266 208 265 207 264 206 262 208 261 208 259 209 256 208 253 208 251 207 250 208 248 209 248 211 247 209 246 209 244 208 243 206 242 204 240 200 237 197 234 194 233 193 231 193 231 191 231 189 231 187 230 185 228 180 224 177 221 173 219 172 217 171 215 170 213 168 211 166 208 164 207 164 205 164 204 164 204 162 204 160 204 158 205 155 206 152 208 150 208 150 208 150 208 150 County Cavan poly 186 128 188 129 190 130 192 131 192 133 193 135 194 137 194 138 196 139 197 140 200 141 201 143 203 145 204 147 207 149 208 150 206 152 205 155 204 158 204 160 204 162 204 164 205 164 206 164 208 164 210 165 211 167 213 168 215 170 218 171 220 172 222 173 223 175 224 177 227 179 229 182 230 185 231 187 231 189 231 192 228 192 226 194 224 195 223 196 222 198 221 200 220 201 218 202 217 203 214 204 212 204 209 205 208 202 207 199 205 196 204 195 202 194 201 193 200 191 199 189 198 187 198 185 199 184 199 182 200 181 200 179 199 177 199 175 198 173 197 171 195 171 194 171 192 170 192 170 191 169 190 168 189 166 186 165 185 164 184 163 184 162 184 161 184 158 182 155 182 153 182 150 182 147 181 144 181 142 182 140 182 138 182 137 180 137 180 136 179 135 177 135 178 134 179 133 180 132 180 131 179 130 181 130 182 129 183 129 185 129 186 128 186 128 186 128 186 128 County Leitrim poly 174 128 174 128 175 128 175 129 176 129 177 131 178 131 179 130 180 130 180 132 180 133 178 133 178 134 179 135 181 136 182 138 182 139 182 140 181 142 181 143 181 145 182 147 183 150 182 153 183 156 184 158 184 161 184 163 184 164 186 164 187 165 189 166 190 168 191 170 193 170 191 172 191 173 189 175 187 178 185 180 184 181 183 182 182 182 180 182 179 183 179 184 178 185 178 186 179 187 179 188 179 190 181 190 183 192 185 194 187 197 185 197 183 198 181 199 180 197 179 196 178 195 176 194 174 194 172 193 171 193 171 191 170 190 170 189 168 188 167 188 166 187 165 187 164 186 164 184 164 182 164 181 160 183 155 185 151 188 148 186 146 184 143 183 141 182 139 182 137 181 137 180 137 178 139 177 141 175 143 172 145 169 143 168 142 167 140 166 138 165 137 165 135 165 133 164 131 165 129 165 127 166 127 165 127 164 127 162 129 162 129 161 131 160 132 158 133 156 134 154 133 152 134 151 135 150 136 149 137 149 138 148 138 150 139 151 140 150 141 150 143 149 145 150 147 151 149 152 150 153 151 153 152 153 155 152 157 152 160 152 160 153 160 155 161 156 163 157 164 158 166 160 167 159 168 158 170 157 169 156 168 156 167 155 165 154 167 153 167 152 168 152 170 152 172 152 171 150 170 147 168 144 166 145 165 146 163 146 162 145 162 144 161 143 161 142 162 141 162 140 164 139 166 137 169 136 170 136 171 135 171 134 172 132 173 130 174 128 174 128 174 128 174 128 County Sligo poly 195 169 196 171 197 172 198 174 199 175 199 178 200 180 200 182 199 184 198 186 198 188 199 190 200 192 201 194 203 194 204 195 206 196 206 198 207 199 207 201 209 202 209 204 210 206 208 207 208 208 209 209 209 210 210 212 209 212 207 212 207 214 205 216 206 219 205 222 204 221 203 223 202 224 202 225 201 226 201 227 202 229 201 230 201 232 202 234 204 235 205 236 205 238 205 239 205 241 205 242 205 244 207 245 207 249 207 254 208 258 209 260 208 260 206 261 204 262 201 264 199 266 197 265 195 264 193 264 191 264 190 261 188 260 189 258 189 256 189 254 188 252 187 250 187 247 186 244 186 241 186 238 186 237 187 235 185 234 183 232 180 230 177 228 176 227 179 226 179 225 178 224 177 222 176 221 175 220 173 219 172 218 170 218 169 216 168 215 167 215 165 216 164 217 163 217 162 218 160 217 160 219 160 221 160 222 158 222 156 222 154 222 153 222 152 221 151 220 153 218 156 215 159 213 159 211 159 210 158 208 157 207 155 206 154 206 154 204 154 202 154 200 156 198 159 196 161 195 162 194 160 192 160 191 159 190 160 189 160 187 161 185 162 186 164 186 164 185 165 187 165 187 167 188 168 188 169 189 170 190 171 192 172 193 174 193 176 194 178 194 179 196 180 197 181 199 183 198 185 197 187 197 186 196 185 194 184 193 183 192 182 190 180 190 179 190 178 188 179 187 177 187 179 185 179 184 180 182 182 182 184 181 185 181 187 179 187 181 187 182 186 184 188 185 189 186 190 184 190 183 191 181 189 181 188 180 186 180 187 178 188 177 189 175 192 174 192 171 192 170 194 171 195 169 195 169 195 169 195 169 County Roscommon poly 168 215 171 217 174 220 176 222 179 223 177 226 177 228 177 229 180 230 181 231 184 232 185 235 186 238 187 243 187 248 188 253 188 257 190 260 191 263 193 264 196 265 199 266 200 267 201 269 202 271 203 273 203 276 202 277 199 280 195 282 193 285 192 288 190 289 188 291 186 294 183 296 181 300 181 303 178 301 176 302 173 301 171 299 168 298 165 298 162 298 159 299 155 300 151 302 146 302 143 303 144 299 143 297 143 294 141 292 139 290 137 288 136 285 136 282 136 280 136 277 138 279 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Location	Ireland (Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland)
Found in	Provinces
Government	County councils (Republic of Ireland)

The counties of Ireland (Irish: Contaetha na hÉireann) are historic administrative divisions of the island. They began as Norman structures, and as the powers exercised by the Cambro-Norman barons and the Old English nobility waned over time, new offices of political control came to be established at a county level. The number of counties varied depending on the time period, however thirty-two is the traditionally accepted and used number.

Upon the partition of Ireland in 1921, six of the traditional counties became part of Northern Ireland. In Northern Ireland, counties ceased to be used for local government in 1973; districts are instead used. In the Republic of Ireland, some counties have been split resulting in the creation of new counties: there are currently 26 counties, 3 cities and 2 cities and counties that demarcate areas of local government in the Republic.

Terminology

The word "county" has come to be used in different senses for different purposes. In common usage, it can mean the 32 counties that existed prior to 1838 – the so-called traditional counties, 26 of which are in the Republic of Ireland. However, the Local Government Acts define counties to include separate counties within the traditional county of Dublin.

In Ireland, the word county nearly always precedes the county name; thus "County Roscommon" in Ireland as opposed to "Roscommon County" in Michigan, United States. The former "King's County" and "Queen's County" were exceptions; however, these are now County Offaly and County Laois, respectively. The abbreviation Co. is used, as in "Co. Roscommon". The counties in Dublin created in 1994 often drop the word county entirely, or use it after the name; thus, for example, internet search engines show many more uses (on Irish sites) of "Fingal" than of either "County Fingal" or "Fingal County". Although official guidance does not use the term county as part of its name, the local council uses all three forms. In informal use, the word county is often dropped except where necessary to distinguish between county and town or city; thus "Offaly" rather than "County Offaly", but "County Antrim" to distinguish it from Antrim town. The synonym shire is not used for Irish counties, although the Marquessate of Downshire was named in 1789 after County Down.

Parts of some towns and cities were exempt from the jurisdiction of the counties that surrounded them. These towns and cities had the status of a county corporate, often granted by royal charter, which had all the judicial, administrative and revenue-raising powers of the regular counties.

History

Pre-Norman divisions of Ireland

The political geography of Ireland can be traced with some accuracy from the 6th century. At that time Ireland was divided into a patchwork of petty kingdoms with a fluid political hierarchy which, in general, had three traditional grades of king. The lowest level of political control existed at the level of the Irish: túath (pl. Irish: túatha). A Irish: túath was an autonomous group of people of independent political jurisdiction under a rí túaithe, that is, a local petty king. About 150 such units of government existed. Each rí túaithe was in turn subject to a regional or "over-king" (Irish: ruiri). There may have been as many as 20 genuine ruiri in Ireland at any time.

A "king of over-kings" (Irish: rí ruirech) was often a provincial (Irish: rí cóicid) or semi-provincial king to whom several ruiri were subordinate. No more than six genuine rí ruirech were ever contemporary. Usually, only five such "king of over-kings" existed contemporaneously and so are described in the Irish annals as fifths (Irish: cúigí). The areas under the control of these kings were: Ulster (Irish: Ulaidh), Leinster (Irish: Laighin), Connacht (Irish: Connachta), Munster (Irish: An Mhumhan) and Mide (Irish: An Mhídhe). Later record-makers dubbed them provinces, in imitation of Roman provinces. In the Norman period, the historic fifths of Leinster and Meath gradually merged, mainly due to the impact of the Pale, which straddled both, thereby forming the present-day province of Leinster.

The use of provinces as divisions of political power was supplanted by the system of counties after the Norman invasion. In modern times clusters of counties have been attributed to certain provinces but these clusters have no legal status. They are today seen mainly in a sporting context, as Ireland's four professional rugby teams play under the names of the provinces, and the Gaelic Athletic Association has separate Provincial councils and Provincial championships.

Plantagenet era

Lordships

With the arrival of Cambro-Norman knights in 1169, the Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland commenced. This was followed in 1172 by the invasion of King Henry II of England, commencing English royal involvement.

After his intervention in Ireland, Henry II effectively divided the English colony into liberties also known as lordships. These were effectively palatine counties and differed from ordinary counties in that they were disjoined from the crown and that whoever they were granted to essentially had the same authority as the king and that the king's writ had no effect except a writ of error. This covered all land within the county that was not church land. The reason for the creation of such powerful entities in Ireland was due to the lack of authority the English crown had there. The same process occurred after the Norman conquest of England where despite there being a strong central government, county palatines were needed in border areas with Wales and Scotland. In Ireland this meant that the land was divided and granted to Richard de Clare and his followers who became lords (and sometimes called earls), with the only land which the English crown had any direct control over being the sea-coast towns and territories immediately adjacent.

Of Henry II's grants, at least three of them—Leinster to Richard de Clare; Meath to Walter de Lacy; Ulster to John de Courcy—were equivalent to palatine counties in their bestowing of royal jurisdiction to the grantees. Other grants include the liberties of Connaught and Tipperary.

Division of lordships

Extent of Norman control in Ireland by 1300

The Pale (grey), earldoms and lordships (blue) in 1450

These initial lordships were later subdivided into smaller "liberties", which appear to have enjoyed the same privileges as their predecessors. The division of Leinster and Munster into smaller counties is commonly attributed to King John, mostly due to a lack of prior documentary evidence, which has been destroyed. However, they may have had an earlier origin. These counties were: in Leinster: Carlow (also known as Catherlogh), Dublin, Kildare, Kilkenny, Louth (also known as Uriel), Meath, Wexford, Waterford; in Munster: Cork, Limerick, Kerry and Tipperary. It is thought that these counties did not have the administrative purpose later attached to them until late in the reign of King John and that no new counties were created until the Tudor dynasty.

The most important office in those that were palatine was that of seneschal. In those liberties that came under Crown control this office was held by a sheriff. The sovereign could and did appoint sheriffs in palatines; however, their power was confined to the church lands, and they became known as sheriffs of a County of the Cross, of which there seem to have been as many in Ireland as there were counties palatine.

The exact boundaries of the liberties and shrievalties appear to have been in constant flux throughout the Plantagenet period, seemingly in line with the extent of English control. For example, in 1297 it is recorded that Kildare had extended to include the lands that now comprise the modern-day counties of Offaly, Laois (Leix) and Wicklow (Arklow). Some attempts had also been made to extend the county system to Ulster.

However the Bruce Invasion of Ireland in 1315 resulted in the collapse of effective English rule in Ireland, with the land controlled by the crown continually shrinking to encompass Dublin, and parts of Meath, Louth and Kildare. Throughout the rest of Ireland, English rule was upheld by the earls of Desmond, Ormond, and Kildare (all created in the 14th-century), with the extension of the county system all but impossible. During the reign of Edward III (1327–77) all franchises, grants and liberties had been temporarily revoked with power passed to the king's sheriffs over the seneschals. This may have been due to the disorganisation caused by the Bruce invasion as well as the renouncing of the Connaught Burkes of their allegiance to the crown.

The Earls of Ulster divided their territory up into counties; however, these are not considered part of the Crown's shiring of Ireland. In 1333, the Earldom of Ulster is recorded as consisting of seven counties: Antrim, Blathewyc, Cragferus, Coulrath, del Art, Dun (also known as Ladcathel), and Twescard.

Passage to the Crown

Of the original lordships or palatine counties:

• Leinster had passed from Richard de Clare to his daughter, Isabel de Clare, who had married William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke (second creation of title). This marriage was confirmed by King John, with Isabel's lands given to William as consort. The liberty was afterwards divided into five—Carlow, Kildare, Kilkenny, Leix and Wexford—one for each of Marshal's co-heiresses.
• Meath was divided between the granddaughters of Walter de Lacy: Maud and Margery. Maud's half became the liberty of Trim, and she married Geoffrey de Geneville. Margery's half retained the name Meath, and she married John de Verdon. After the marriage of Maud's daughter Joan to Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, Trim later passed via their descendants to the English Crown. Meath, which had passed to the Talbots, was resumed by Henry VIII under the Statute of Absentees.
• Ulster was regranted to the de Lacys from John de Courcy, whilst Connaught, which had been granted to William de Burgh, was at some point divided into the liberties of Connaught and Roscommon. William's grandson Walter de Burgh was in 1264 also made lord of Ulster, bringing both Connaught and Ulster under the same lord. In 1352 Elizabeth de Burgh, 4th Countess of Ulster married Lionel of Antwerp, a son of king Edward III. Their daughter Philippa married Edmund Mortimer, 3rd Earl of March. Upon the death of Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March in 1425, both lordships were inherited by Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York and thus passed to the Crown.
• Tipperary was resumed by King James I, however under Charles II in 1662 was reconstituted for James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde.

With the passing of liberties to the Crown, the number of Counties of the Cross declined, and only one, Tipperary, survived into the Stuart era; the others had ceased to exist by the reign of Henry VIII.

Tudor era

It was not until the Tudors, specifically the reign of Henry VIII (1509–47), that crown control started to once again extend throughout Ireland. Having declared himself King of Ireland in 1541, Henry VIII went about converting Irish chiefs into feudal subjects of the crown with land divided into districts, which were eventually amalgamated into the modern counties. County boundaries were still ill-defined; however, in 1543 Meath was split into Meath and Westmeath. Around 1545, the Byrnes and O'Tooles, both native septs who had constantly been a pain for the English administration of the Pale, petitioned the Lord Deputy of Ireland to turn their district into its own county, Wicklow. However, this was ignored.

During the reigns of the last two Tudor monarchs, Mary I (1553–58) and Elizabeth I (1558–1603), the majority of the work for the foundation of the modern counties was carried out under the auspices of three Lord Deputies: Thomas Radclyffe, 3rd Earl of Sussex, Sir Henry Sydney, and Sir John Perrot.

Mary's reign saw the first addition of actual new counties since the reign of King John. Radclyffe had conquered the districts of Glenmaliry, Irry, Leix, Offaly, and Slewmargy from the O'Moores and O'Connors, and in 1556 a statute decreed that Offaly and part of Glenmaliry would be made into the county of King's County, whilst the rest of Glenmarliry along with Irry, Leix and Slewmargy was formed into Queen's County. Radclyffe brought forth legislation to shire all land as yet unshired throughout Ireland and sought to divide the island into six parts—Connaught, Leinster, Meath, Nether Munster, Ulster, and Upper Munster. However, his administrative reign in Ireland was cut short, and it was not until the reign of Mary's successor, Elizabeth, that this legislation was re-adopted. Under Elizabeth, Radclyffe was brought back to implement it.

Sydney during his three tenures as Lord Deputy created two presidencies to administer Connaught and Munster. He shired Connaught into the counties of Galway, Mayo, Roscommon, and Sligo. In 1565 the territory of the O'Rourkes within Roscommon was made into the county of Leitrim. In an attempt to reduce the importance of the province of Munster, Sydney, using the River Shannon as a natural boundary took the former kingdom of Thomond (North Munster) and made it into the county of Clare as part of the presidency of Connaught in 1569. In 1569 the Irish Parliament passed "An Act for turning of Countries that be not yet Shire Grounds into Shire Grounds". A commission headed by Perrot and others in 1571 declared that the territory of Desmond in Munster was to be made a county of itself, and it had its own sheriff appointed, however in 1606 it was merged with the county of Kerry. In 1575 Sydney made an expedition to Ulster to plan its shiring. However, nothing came to bear.

In 1578 the go-ahead was given for turning the districts of the Byrnes and O'Tooles into the county of Wicklow. However, with the outbreak of war in Munster and then Ulster, they resumed their independence. Sydney also sought to split Wexford into two smaller counties, the northern half of which was to be called Ferns, but the matter was dropped as it was considered impossible to properly administer. The territory of the O'Farrells of Annaly, however, which was in Westmeath, in 1583 was formed into the county of Longford and transferred to Connaught. The Desmond rebellion (1579–83) that was taking place in Munster stopped Sydney's work and by the time it had been defeated Sir John Perrot was now Lord Deputy, being appointed in 1584.

Perrot would be most remembered for shiring the only province of Ireland that remained effectively outside of English control, that of Ulster. Prior to his tenancy the only proper county in Ulster was Louth, which had been part of the Pale. There were two other long recognised entities north of Louth—Antrim and Down—that had at one time been "counties" of the Earldom of Ulster and were regarded as apart from the unreformed parts of the province. The date Antrim and Down became constituted is unknown. Perrot was recalled in 1588 and the shiring of Ulster would for two decades basically exist on paper as the territory affected remained firmly outside of English control until the defeat of Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone in the Nine Years' War. These counties were: Armagh, Cavan, Coleraine, Donegal, Fermanagh, Monaghan, and Tyrone. Cavan was formed from the territory of the O'Reilly's of East Breifne in 1584 and had been transferred from Connaught to Ulster. After O'Neill and his allies fled Ireland in 1607 in the Flight of the Earls, their lands became escheated to the Crown and the county divisions designed by Perrot were used as the basis for the grants of the subsequent Plantation of Ulster effected by King James I, which officially started in 1609.

Around 1600 near the end of Elizabeth's reign, Clare was made an entirely distinct presidency of its own under the Earls of Thomond and would not return to being part of Munster until after the Restoration in 1660.

It was not until the subjugation of the Byrnes and O'Tooles by Lord Deputy Sir Arthur Chichester that in 1606 Wicklow was finally shired. This county was one of the last to be created, yet was the closest to the centre of English power in Ireland.

County Londonderry was incorporated in 1613 by the merger of County Coleraine with the barony of Loughinsholin (in County Tyrone), the North West Liberties of Londonderry (in County Donegal), and the North East Liberties of Coleraine (in County Antrim).

Demarcation of counties and Tipperary

Throughout the Elizabethan era and the reign of her successor James I, the exact boundaries of the provinces and the counties they consisted of remained uncertain. In 1598 Meath is considered a province in Hayne's Description of Ireland, and included the counties of Cavan, East Meath, Longford, and Westmeath. This contrasts to George Carew's 1602 survey where there were only four provinces with Longford part of Connaught and Cavan not mentioned at all with only three counties mentioned for Ulster. During Perrot's tenure as Lord President of Munster before he became Lord Deputy, Munster contained as many as eight counties rather than the six it later consisted of. These eight counties were: the five English counties of Cork, Limerick, Kerry, Tipperary, and Waterford; and the three Irish counties of Desmond, Ormond, and Thomond.

Perrot's divisions in Ulster were for the main confirmed by a series of inquisitions between 1606 and 1610 that settled the demarcation of the counties of Connaught and Ulster. John Speed's Description of the Kingdom of Ireland in 1610 showed that there was still a vagueness over what counties constituted the provinces, however, Meath was no longer reckoned a province. By 1616 when the Attorney General for Ireland Sir John Davies departed Ireland, almost all counties had been delimited. The only exception was the county of Tipperary, which still belonged to the palatinate of Ormond.

Tipperary would remain an anomaly being in effect two counties, one palatine, the other of the Cross until 1715 during the reign of King George I when an act abolished the "royalties and liberties of the County of Tipperary" and "that whatsoever hath been denominated or called Tipperary or Cross Tipperary, shall henceforth be and remain one county forever, under the name of the County of Tipperary." Between 1838 and 2014, County Tipperary was divided into two ridings/counties, North Tipperary and South Tipperary.

Sub-divisions of counties

To correspond with the subdivisions of the English shires into honours or baronies, Irish counties were granted out to the Anglo-Norman noblemen in cantreds, later known as baronies, which in turn were subdivided, as in England, into parishes. Parishes were composed of townlands. However, in many cases, these divisions correspond to earlier, pre-Norman, divisions. While there are 331 baronies in Ireland, and more than a thousand civil parishes, there are around sixty thousand townlands that range in size from one to several thousand hectares. Townlands were often traditionally divided into smaller units called quarters, but these subdivisions are not legally defined.

Counties corporate

The following towns/cities had charters specifically granting them the status of a county corporate:

• County of the Town of Carrickfergus (by 1325)
• County of the City of Cork (1608)
• County of the Town of Drogheda (1412)
• County of the City of Dublin (1548)
• County of the Town of Galway (1610)
• County of the City of Kilkenny (1610)
• County of the City of Limerick (1609)
• County of the City of Waterford (1574)

The only entirely new counties created in 1898 were the county boroughs of Londonderry and Belfast. Carrickfergus, Drogheda and Kilkenny were abolished; Galway was also abolished, but recreated in 1986.

Exceptions to the county system of control

Regional presidencies of Connacht and Munster remained in existence until 1672, with special powers over their subsidiary counties. Tipperary remained a county palatine until the passing of the County Palatine of Tipperary Act 1715, with different officials and procedures from other counties. At the same time, Dublin, until the 19th century, had ecclesiastical liberties with rules outside those applying to the rest of Dublin city and county. Exclaves of the county of Dublin existed in counties Kildare and Wicklow. At least eight other enclaves of one county inside another, or between two others, existed. The various enclaves and exclaves were merged into neighbouring and surrounding counties, primarily in the mid-19th century under a series of Orders in Council.

Evolution of functions

The Church of Ireland exercised functions at the level of a civil parish that would later be exercised by county authorities. Vestigial feudal power structures of major old estates remained well into the 18th century. Urban corporations operated individual royal charters. Management of counties came to be exercised by grand juries. Members of grand juries were the local payers of rates who historically held judicial functions, taking maintenance roles in regard to roads and bridges, and the collection of "county cess" taxes. They were usually composed of wealthy "country gentlemen" (i.e. landowners, farmers and merchants):

A country gentleman as a member of a Grand Jury...levied the local taxes, appointed the nephews of his old friends to collect them, and spent them when they were gathered in. He controlled the boards of guardians and appointed the dispensary doctors, regulated the diet of paupers, inflicted fines and administered the law at petty sessions.

The counties were initially used for judicial purposes, but began to take on some governmental functions in the 17th century, notably with grand juries.

19th and 20th centuries

In 1836, the use of counties as local government units was further developed, with grand-jury powers extended under the Grand Jury (Ireland) Act 1836. The traditional county of Tipperary was split into two judicial counties (or ridings) following the establishment of assize courts in 1838. Also in that year, local poor law boards, with a mix of magistrates and elected "guardians" took over the health and social welfare functions of the grand juries.

Sixty years later, a more radical reorganisation of local government took place with the passage of the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898. This Act established a county council for each of the thirty-three Irish administrative counties. Elected county councils took over the powers of the grand juries. The boundaries of the traditional counties changed on a number of occasions. The 1898 Act changed the boundaries of Counties Galway, Clare, Mayo, Roscommon, Sligo, Waterford, Kilkenny, Meath and Louth, and others. County Tipperary was divided into two regions: North Riding and South Riding. Areas of the cities of Belfast, Cork, Dublin, Limerick, Derry and Waterford were carved from their surrounding counties to become county boroughs in their own right and given powers equivalent to those of administrative counties.

Under the Government of Ireland Act 1920, the island was partitioned between Southern Ireland and Northern Ireland. For the purposes of the Act,

... Northern Ireland shall consist of the parliamentary counties of Antrim, Armagh, Down, Fermanagh, Londonderry and Tyrone, and the parliamentary boroughs of Belfast and Londonderry, and Southern Ireland shall consist of so much of Ireland as is not comprised within the said parliamentary counties and boroughs.

The county and county borough borders were thus used to determine the line of partition. Southern Ireland shortly afterwards became the Irish Free State. This partition was entrenched in the Anglo-Irish Treaty, which was ratified in 1922, by which the Irish Free State left the United Kingdom with Northern Ireland making the decision to not separate two days later.

Historic and traditional counties

Areas that were shired by 1607 and continued as counties until the local government reforms of 1836, 1898 and 2001 are sometimes referred to as "traditional" or "historic" counties. These were distinct from the counties corporate that existed in some of the larger towns and cities, although linked to the county at large for other purposes. From 1898 to 2001, areas with county councils were known as administrative counties, while the counties corporate were designated as county boroughs. From 2001, local government areas were divided between counties and cities. From 2014, they were divided into counties, cities, and cities and counties.

Current usage

In the Republic of Ireland

Main article: Local government in the Republic of Ireland

In the Republic of Ireland, the traditional counties are, in general, the basis for local government, planning and community development purposes and are still generally respected for other purposes. They are governed by county councils. Administrative borders have been altered to allocate various towns exclusively into one county having been originally split between two counties.

At the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922, there were 27 administrative counties (with County Tipperary divided into the administrative counties of North Tipperary and South Tipperary) and 4 county boroughs, Dublin, Cork, Limerick and Waterford.

Rural districts were abolished by the Local Government Act 1925 and the Local Government (Dublin) Act 1930 amidst widespread allegations of corruption.

Under the Local Government Provisional Order Confirmation Act 1976, part of the urban area of Drogheda, which lay in County Meath, was transferred to County Louth on 1 January 1977. This resulted in the land area of County Louth increasing slightly at the expense of County Meath. The possibility of a similar action with regard to Waterford City has been raised in recent years, though opposition from Kilkenny has been strong.

In 1985, Galway became a county borough.

County Dublin was abolished as an administrative county in 1994 and divided into three administrative counties: Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown, Fingal, and South Dublin.

Under the Local Government Act 2001, the county boroughs of Dublin, Cork, Galway, Limerick and Waterford were re-styled as cities, with the same status in law as counties. The term administrative county was replaced with the term "county".

The cities of Limerick and Waterford were merged with their respective counties by the Local Government Reform Act 2014, to form new cities and counties. The same Act also abolished North Tipperary and South Tipperary and re-established County Tipperary as an administrative unit.

There are now 31 local government areas: 26 counties, three cities, and two cities and counties.

Since 2014, local authorities send representatives to Regional Assemblies overseeing three regions for the purposes of European Structural and Investment Funds: Southern Region, the Eastern and Midland Region, and the Northern and Western Region. From 1994 to 2014, there were eight Regional Authorities, dissolved under the Local Government Reform Act 2014.

As placenames, there is a distinction between the traditional counties, listed as "counties", and those created as local government areas, listed as "administrative counties".

Education

In 2013 Education and Training Boards (ETBs) were formed throughout the Republic of Ireland, replacing the system of Vocational Education Committees (VECs) created in 1930. Originally, VECs were formed for each administrative county and county borough, and also in a number of larger towns, and were legally sub-committees of the relevant authorities. In 1997 the majority of town VECs were absorbed by the surrounding county authorities. The 33 VEC areas were reduced to 16 ETB areas, with each consisting of one or more local government county or city areas.

The Institute of technology system was organised by committee areas or "functional areas"; these areas retain their legal basis but are not as important as originally envisioned as the institutes are now more national in character. The functional areas are only of significance today when selecting governing councils; similarly, Dublin Institute of Technology was originally a group of several colleges within the aegis of the City of Dublin VEC.

Elections

Where possible, Dáil constituencies follow county boundaries. Under the Electoral Act 1997, as amended, a Constituency Commission is established following the publication of preliminary census figures every five years. The commission is charged with defining constituency boundaries, and the 1997 Act provides that "the breaching of county boundaries shall be avoided as far as practicable". This provision does not apply to the boundaries between cities and counties, or between the three counties in the Dublin area.

This system usually results in more populated counties having several constituencies: Dublin, including Dublin city, is subdivided into twelve constituencies, Cork into five. On the other hand, smaller counties such as Carlow and Kilkenny or Laois and Offaly may be paired to form constituencies. Leitrim, Ireland's least populated county, was divided between the constituencies of Sligo–North Leitrim and Roscommon–South Leitrim from 2007 to 2016.

Each county, city, and city and county is divided into local electoral areas for the election of councillors. The boundaries of the areas and the number of councillors assigned are fixed from time to time by order of the Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage, following a report by the Local Government Commission, and based on population changes recorded in the census.

In Northern Ireland

Main articles: Counties of Northern Ireland and Local government in Northern Ireland

In Northern Ireland, a major reorganisation of local government in 1973 replaced the six traditional counties and two county boroughs (Belfast and Derry) with 26 single-tier districts for local government purposes. In 2015, as a result of a reform process that started in 2005, these districts were merged to form 11 new single-tier "super districts".

The six traditional counties remain in use for some purposes, including the three-letter coding of vehicle number plates, the Royal Mail Postcode Address File (which records counties in all addresses although they are no longer required for postcoded mail) and Lord Lieutenancies (for which the former county boroughs are also used). There are no longer official 'county towns'. However, the counties are still very widely acknowledged, for example as administrative divisions for sporting and cultural organisations.

Other uses

The administrative division of the island along the lines of the traditional 32 counties was also adopted by non-governmental and cultural organisations. In particular, the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) continues to organise its activities on the basis of its own system of counties that, throughout the island, correspond almost exactly to the 32 traditional counties in use at the time of the foundation of that organisation in 1884. The GAA also uses the term "county" for some of its organisational units in Britain and further afield. Legal adjustments to county bounds since 1884 have not been reflected in GAA county boards (e.g. Ballaghaderreen GAA which is located in County Roscommon but affiliated to Mayo GAA county board).

List of counties

The 35 divisions listed below include the traditional counties of Ireland as well as three created in Dublin in 1994. Twenty-four counties still delimit the remit of local government areas in the Republic of Ireland (in some cases with slightly redrawn boundaries). County Dublin, which was abolished as a distinct administrative entity in 1994, is included, as are the three new administrative counties which took over the functions of the former County Dublin. In Northern Ireland, the counties listed no longer serve this purpose. The Irish-language names of counties in the Republic of Ireland are prescribed by ministerial order, which in the case of three newer counties, omits the word contae (county). Irish names form the basis for all English-language county names except Waterford, Wexford, and Wicklow, which are of Norse origin.

The "Region" column of the table below, except for the six Northern Ireland counties, indicates Regions as defined under the Local Government Act 1991. These are NUTS 2 statistical regions of Ireland. "County town" is the current or former administrative capital of the county.

The cities of Cork, Dublin, and Galway, which are separate local government areas with the same legal status as counties, are not shown separately. Also omitted are the former county boroughs of Londonderry and Belfast which in Northern Ireland had the same legal status as the six counties until the reorganisation of local government in 1973.

County		Native name (Irish)	Ulster-Scots name(s)	County town	Most populous city/town	Province	Region
Antrim		Aontroim (Contae Aontroma)	Anthrim Antrìm Entrim	Antrim (traditional), Ballymena(Council)	Belfast (part)	Ulster	UKN0: Northern Ireland
Armagh		Ard Mhacha (Contae Ard Mhacha)	Airmagh	Armagh	Craigavon	Ulster	UKN0: Northern Ireland
Carlow		Ceatharlach (Contae Cheatharlach)		Carlow		Leinster	IE06: Eastern and Midland
Cavan		An Cabhán (Contae an Chabháin)		Cavan		Ulster	IE04: Northern and Western
Clare		An Clár (Contae an Chláir)		Ennis		Munster	IE05: Southern
Cork		Corcaigh (Contae Chorcaí)	Coark	Cork		Munster	IE05: Southern
Donegal		Dún na nGall (Contae Dhún na nGall)	Dinnygal Dunnygal	Lifford	Letterkenny	Ulster	IE04: Northern and Western
Down		An Dún (Contae an Dúin)	Doon Doun	Downpatrick	Belfast (part)	Ulster	UKN0: Northern Ireland
Dublin		Baile Átha Cliath (Contae Bhaile Átha Cliath)		Dublin		Leinster	IE06: Eastern and Midland
	Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown	Dún Laoghaire–Ráth an Dúin		Dún Laoghaire		Leinster	IE06: Eastern and Midland
	Fingal	Fine Gall		Swords		Leinster	IE06: Eastern and Midland
	South Dublin	Áth Cliath Theas		Tallaght		Leinster	IE06: Eastern and Midland
Fermanagh		Fear Manach (Contae Fhear Manach)	Fermanay	Enniskillen		Ulster	UKN0: Northern Ireland
Galway		Gaillimh (Contae na Gaillimhe)		Galway		Connacht	IE04: Northern and Western
Kerry		Ciarraí (Contae Chiarraí)		Tralee		Munster	IE05: Southern
Kildare		Cill Dara (Contae Chill Dara)		Naas		Leinster	IE06: Eastern and Midland
Kilkenny		Cill Chainnigh (Contae Chill Chainnigh)		Kilkenny		Leinster	IE05: Southern
Laois		Laois (Contae Laoise)		Portlaoise		Leinster	IE06: Eastern and Midland
Leitrim		Liatroim (Contae Liatroma)		Carrick-on-Shannon		Connacht	IE04: Northern and Western
Limerick		Luimneach (Contae Luimnigh)	Lïmerick	Limerick		Munster	IE05: Southern
Londonderry		Doire (Contae Dhoire)	Lunnonderrie	Coleraine	Derry	Ulster	UKN0: Northern Ireland
Longford		An Longfort (Contae an Longfoirt)	Langfurd	Longford		Leinster	IE06: Eastern and Midland
Louth		Lú (Contae Lú)		Dundalk	Drogheda	Leinster	IE06: Eastern and Midland
Mayo		Maigh Eo (Contae Mhaigh Eo)		Castlebar		Connacht	IE04: Northern and Western
Meath		An Mhí (Contae na Mí)		Navan		Leinster	IE06: Eastern and Midland
Monaghan		Muineachán (Contae Mhuineacháin)	Ronelann	Monaghan		Ulster	IE04: Northern and Western
Offaly		Uíbh Fhailí (Contae Uíbh Fhailí)		Tullamore		Leinster	IE06: Eastern and Midland
Roscommon		Ros Comáin (Contae Ros Comáin)		Roscommon		Connacht	IE04: Northern and Western
Sligo		Sligeach (Contae Shligigh)		Sligo		Connacht	IE04: Northern and Western
Tipperary		Tiobraid Árann (Contae Thiobraid Árann)		Nenagh	Clonmel	Munster	IE05: Southern
Tyrone		Tír Eoghain (Contae Thír Eoghain)	Owenslann	Omagh		Ulster	UKN0: Northern Ireland
Waterford		Port Láirge (Contae Phort Láirge)	Wattèrford	Waterford		Munster	IE05: Southern
Westmeath		An Iarmhí (Contae na hIarmhí)		Mullingar	Athlone	Leinster	IE06: Eastern and Midland
Wexford		Loch Garman (Contae Loch Garman)		Wexford		Leinster	IE05: Southern
Wicklow		Cill Mhantáin (Contae Chill Mhantáin)		Wicklow	Bray	Leinster	IE06: Eastern and Midland

Notes

See also

• Counties of the United Kingdom
• County (Gaelic games)
• History of Ireland
• Vehicle registration plates of the Republic of Ireland
• Vehicle registration plates of Northern Ireland
• List of Irish counties by area
• List of Irish counties by population
• List of Irish counties' coats of arms
• List of Irish county towns
• ISO 3166-2:GB
• ISO 3166-2:IE

Sources

• Falkiner, Caesar Litton (1903). "The Counties of Ireland: An Historical Sketch of Their Origin, Constitution, and Gradual Delimitation". Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. XXIV, Section C. Retrieved 17 July 2022.

External links

• Common Licensed Photos from all the Counties
• The Baronies of Ireland -Clans and Baronies