Guarea
| Guarea | |
|---|---|
| |
| Guarea guidonia | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Sapindales |
| Family: | Meliaceae |
| Subfamily: | Melioideae |
| Genus: | Guarea F. Allam ex L. |
| Species | |
|
See text | |
Guarea is a genus of evergreen trees or shrubs in the family Meliaceae, native to tropical Africa and Central and South America. At their largest, they are large trees 20–45 m tall, with a trunk over 1 m diameter, often buttressed at the base. The leaves are pinnate, with 4–6 pairs of leaflets, the terminal leaflet present. They are dioecious, with male and female flowers on separate plants.[1] The flowers are produced in loose inflorescences, each flower small, with 4–5 yellowish petals. The fruit is a four or five-valved capsule, containing several seeds, each surrounded by a yellow-orange fleshy aril; the seeds are dispersed by hornbills and monkeys which eat the aril.
Species
Species accepted by Plants of the World Online as of March 2019:[2]
- Guarea costata Guarea crispa
- Guarea cristata Guarea donnell-smithii
- Guarea ecuadoriensis Guarea eriorhachis
- Guarea fissicalyx Guarea fistulosa
- Guarea gentryi Guarea glabra
- Guarea gomma Guarea gracilis
- Guarea grossa Guarea guentheri
- Guarea guidonia Guarea hoffmanniana
- T.D.Penn. Proctor
- A.Juss. C.DC.
- Vahl A.Juss.
- T.D.Penn. & S.A.Mori W.Palacios
- Harms C.DC.
- T.D.Penn. W.Palacios
- C.DC. C.DC.
- Al.Rodr. Gómez-Laur. & Valerio
- A.Juss. Guarea aguilarii
- Al.Rodr. Guarea venenata
- Guarea anomala T.D.Penn.
- Guarea inesiana Guarea juglandiformis
- Guarea lozanoi Guarea bijuga
- Guarea megacostata Guarea mexicana
- Guarea pendula C.DC.
- Guarea pubescens Guarea pyriformis
- Guarea rhopalocarpa Guarea blanchetii
- Guarea sphenophylla Guarea subandina
- Guarea tafae-malekui C.DC.
- T.D.Penn. Guarea bullata
- Radlk. Guarea carapoides
- Harms Guarea carinata
- Ducke Guarea cartaguenya
- Cuatrec. Guarea casimiriana
- Harms Guarea caulobotrys
- [[Cuatrec. (also spelt caulobotryis)|Cuatrec. (also spelt caulobotryis)]] Guarea chiricana
- Standl. Guarea cinnamomea
- Harms Guarea constricta
- Al.Rodr. Guarea convergens
- T.D.Penn. Guarea corrugata
- Cuatrec. Guarea corticosa
- Al.Rodr. A.Juss.
- T.D.Penn. T.D.Penn.
- C.DC. W.Palacios
- Harms Harms
- W.Palacios Coronado
- Vahl Pulle
- T.D.Penn. T.D.Penn.
- Harms (L.) Sleumer
- C.DC. Al.Rodr.
- T.D.Penn. Morales-P.
- Al.Rodr. T.D.Penn.
- Coronado R.da Silva Ramalho, A.L.Pinheiro & T.D.Penn.
- Little (Rich.) A.Juss.
- T.D.Penn. Radlk.
- A.Juss. Urb.
- W.Palacios Al.Rodr.
- C.DC. Coronado
- Guarea trunciflora Guarea zepivae
- Guarea humaitensis Guarea jamaicensis
- Guarea kunthiana Guarea luxii
- Guarea macrophylla Guarea megantha
- Guarea michel-moddei Guarea persistens
- Guarea pterorhachis Guarea purusana
- Guarea reticulatovenosa Guarea riparia
- Guarea silvatica Guarea sprucei
- Guarea subsessilifolia Guarea talamancana
- C.DC. T.D.Penn.
- Guarea zarceroensis Guarea velutina
- Guarea tonduzii Guarea scabra
- Guarea polymera Guarea macrocalyx
Uses
The timber is important; the African species are known as bossé, guarea, or pink mahogany, and the South American species as cramantee or American muskwood. It is said to possibly cause hallucinations if ingested.[3]
The wood can be used for sculpture and was favoured by the British 20th century sculptor Barbara Hepworth.[4]
References
- ^ Pennington, T. D.; Styles, B. T. (1975). "A Generic Monograph of the Meliaceae". Blumea. 22: 419–540.
- ^ "Guarea". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2017. Retrieved 17 March 2019.
- ^ McGuire, Kim (5 May 2009). "Scientists get dirt on mystery plant". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Archived from the original on 16 June 2009. Retrieved 7 May 2009.
- ^ 4.0 4.1 "Corinthos 1954–5". UK: Tate Gallery. Retrieved 5 August 2015.
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