Propyl acetate
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name
Propyl acetate | |
| Systematic IUPAC name
Propyl ethanoate | |
| Other names
Acetic acid propyl ester
n-Propyl ethanoate n-Propyl acetate n-Propyl ester of acetic acid | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| DrugBank | |
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |
| UN number | 1276 |
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| Properties | |
| C5H10O2 | |
| Molar mass | 102.133 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Odor | Mild, fruity[1] |
| Density | 0.89 g/cm3[2] |
| Melting point | −95 °C (−139 °F; 178 K)[2] |
| Boiling point | 102 °C (216 °F; 375 K)[2] |
| 18.9 g/L[2] | |
| Vapor pressure | 25 mmHg (20 °C)[1] |
| −65.91·10−6 cm3/mol | |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
 
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| Danger | |
| H225, H319, H336 | |
| P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P337+P313, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P501 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | <imagemap>
File:NFPA 704.svg|80px|alt=NFPA 704 four-colored diamond poly 150 150 300 300 150 450 0 300 Health 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroform poly 300 0 450 150 300 300 150 150 Flammability 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g. gasoline poly 450 150 600 300 450 450 300 300 Instability 2: Undergoes violent chemical change at elevated temperatures and pressures, reacts violently with water, or may form explosive mixtures with water. E.g. white phosphorus poly 300 300 450 450 300 600 150 450 Special hazards (white): no code desc none </imagemap> |
| Flash point | 10 °C (50 °F; 283 K)[2] |
| 450 °C (842 °F; 723 K) | |
| Explosive limits | 1.7–8%[1] |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose)
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9370 mg/kg (oral, rat) 8300 mg/kg (oral, mouse) 6640 mg/kg (oral, rabbit) 8700 mg/kg (oral, rat)[3] 17800 mg/kg (dermal, rabbit)[4] |
LCLo (lowest published)
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8941 ppm (cat, 5 hr)[5] |
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
PEL (Permissible)
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TWA 200 ppm (840 mg/m3)[1] |
REL (Recommended)
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TWA 200 ppm (840 mg/m3) ST 250 ppm (1050 mg/m3)[1] |
IDLH (Immediate danger)
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1700 ppm[1] |
| Related compounds | |
Related esters
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Ethyl acetate Isopropyl acetate n-butyl acetate Isobutyl acetate |
Related compounds
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Propan-1-ol Acetic acid |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Propyl acetate, also known as propyl ethanoate, is an organic compound. Nearly 20,000 tons are produced annually for use as a solvent. This colorless liquid is known by its characteristic odor of pears. Due to this fact, it is commonly used in fragrances and as a flavor additive. It is formed by the esterification of acetic acid and propan-1-ol, often via Fischer–Speier esterification, with sulfuric acid as a catalyst and water produced as a byproduct.[6]
References
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0532". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Record in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
- ^ "n-Propyl acetate". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ^ Union Carbide Data Sheet. Vol. 1/25/1965
- ^ "n-Propyl acetate". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ^ Papa, Anthony J. (2011-10-15), "Propanols", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, doi:10.1002/14356007.a22_173.pub2, retrieved 2022-03-29
External links
- NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
- Acetic acid, propyl ester - Toxicity Data
- N-Propyl Acetate MSDS
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