Soyuz-2-1v

Soyuz 2.1v
	Launch of an Soyuz 2.1v carrying Kosmos 2525 military satellite on 28 March 2018.
Function	Medium-lift launch vehicle
P176	Progress
P495	Russia
Size
P2048	44 m (144 ft)
P2386	3 m (9.8 ft)
P2067	158,000 kg (348,000 lb)
Stages	2
Capacity
Payload to LEO
Altitude	200 km (120 mi)
P2045	51.8°
P2067	2,850 kg (6,280 lb)
Payload to LEO
Altitude	200 km (120 mi)
P2045	62.8°
P2067	2,800 kg (6,200 lb)
Associated rockets
Family	R-7 (Soyuz)
P144	Soyuz 2
Comparable	Long March 2C; PSLV
Launch history
Status	Active
Launch sites	Plesetsk, Site 43
Total launches	12
Success(es)	11
Partial failure(s)	1
First flight	28 December 2013
Last flight	9 February 2024
First stage
P2048	27.77 m (91.1 ft)
P2386	2.95 m (9 ft 8 in)
Empty mass	11,000 kg (24,000 lb)
Gross mass	129,000 kg (284,000 lb)
P516	1 × NK-33A; 4 × RD-0110R;
P2228	NK-33A SL: 1,515 kN (341,000 lbf); NK-33A vac: 1,687 kN (379,000 lbf); RD-110R SL: 230.5 kN (51,800 lbf); RD-110R vac: 265 kN (60,000 lbf);
Specific impulse	NK-33A SL: 297 s (2.91 km/s); NK-33A vac: 331 s (3.25 km/s); RD-110R SL: 259.4 s (2.544 km/s); RD-110R vac: 298.4 s (2.926 km/s);
Burn time	225 seconds
Propellant	LOX / RP-1
Second stage
P2048	7.95 m (26.1 ft)
P2386	3 m (9.8 ft)
Empty mass	2,380 kg (5,250 lb)
Gross mass	25,380 kg (55,950 lb)
P516	1 × RD-0124
P2228	294 kN (66,000 lbf)
Specific impulse	359 s (3.52 km/s)
Burn time	275 seconds
Propellant	LOX / RP-1
Third stage (optional) – Volga
P2048	1.025 m (3 ft 4.4 in)
P2386	3.2 m (10 ft)
Empty mass	840 kg (1,850 lb)
Propellant mass	300–900 kg (660–1,980 lb)
P516	1 × 17D64
P2228	2.94 kN (660 lbf)
Specific impulse	307 s (3.01 km/s)
Burn time	410 seconds
Propellant	N2O4 / UDMH
	[edit on Wikidata]

The Soyuz 2.1v (‹See Tfd›Russian: Союз 2.1в, Union 2.1v), GRAU index 14A15,^[3] known early in development as the Soyuz 1, is a expendable Russian medium-lift launch vehicle. It is derivative of the Soyuz 2 but utilizing a single core stage (no boosters) built around the powerful NK-33 engine, 50-year-old refurbished remnants from the Soviet N1 moon rocket. It is a member of the R-7 family of rockets built by Progress in Samara. Launches have been conducted from the Plesetsk Cosmodrome in northwest Russia, and are expected to be conducted in the future from the Vostochny Cosmodrome in eastern Russia,^[4] and the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.^[5]

Vehicle

Base of first stage, with NK-33 & RD-0110R engines

The Soyuz 2.1v represents a major departure from earlier Soyuz rockets. Unlike the Soyuz 2 upon which it is based, it does away with the four boosters used on all other R-7 vehicles. The single first stage core stage is built around the powerful single-chamber NK-33 engine replacing the four-chamber RD-108 along with structural modifications. Since the NK-33 is fixed, the stage is also equipped with four RD-0110R, a vernier engine for thrust vector control. The RD-0110R engines add 230.5 kN (51,800 lb_f) thrust and heats the pressurization gases.^[6]

The NK-33 engines were built in the 1970s for the cancelled Soviet N1 Moon rocket. These surplus engines offer increased performance over the RD-108; however, only a limited number of engines are available. Once the supply is exhausted, the NK-33 will be replaced by the RD-193. In April 2013, it was announced that the RD-193 engine had completed testing. The RD-193 is a lighter and shorter engine based on the Angara's RD-191, which is itself a derivative of the Zenit's RD-170.^[7]

The second stage of the Soyuz 2.1v is the same as the third stage of the Soyuz 2.1b;^[8] powered by an RD-0124 engine. Most missions will use a Volga upper stage to transfer the payload from an initial parking orbit to its final destination. The Volga is derived from the propulsion system of the Yantar reconnaissance satellite, and was developed as a lighter and cheaper alternative to the Fregat that is used on many Soyuz 2 missions.

The Soyuz 2.1v was designed to serve lighter payloads with a payload capacity of 2,850 kg (6,280 lb) to a 200 km (120 mi) circular low Earth orbit with an inclination of 51.8° from Baikonur, and 2,800 kg (6,200 lb) to a 200 kilometre orbit at 62.8° from Plesetsk.^[5]^[9]

List of launches

Flight No.	Date (UTC)	Launch site	Upper stage	Payload	Orbit	Remarks	Outcome
1	28 December 2013 13:30	Plesetsk, Site 43/4	Volga	Aist 1, SKRL-756 #1/2	LEO	Maiden flight of Soyuz 2.1v	Success
2	5 December 2015 15:08	Plesetsk, Site 43/4	Volga	Kosmos 2511 and 2512	LEO	Earth observation Radar calibration	Partial failure
3	23 June 2017 18:04	Plesetsk, Site 43/4	Volga	Kosmos 2519	LEO	Military satellite, possibly geodesy project Nivelir [ru]-ZU	Success
4	29 March 2018 17:38	Plesetsk, Site 43/4	—	Kosmos 2525 (EMKA)	SSO	Military Satellite	Success
5	10 July 2019 17:14	Plesetsk, Site 43/4	Volga	Kosmos 2535 to 2538	LEO	Geodesy	Success
6	25 November 2019 17:52	Plesetsk, Site 43/4	Volga	Kosmos 2542 & 2543	LEO	Satellite inspection	Success
7	9 September 2021 19:59	Plesetsk, Site 43/4	Volga	Kosmos 2551 (EMKA No.2)	SSO	Reconnaissance	Success
8	1 August 2022 20:25	Plesetsk, Site 43/4	Volga	Kosmos 2558 (Nivelir No.3)	PO	Surveillance	Success
9	21 October 2022 19:20	Plesetsk, Site 43/4	Volga	Kosmos 2561 & 2562^[10]	SSO	Surveillance	Success
10	29 March 2023 19:57	Plesetsk, Site 43/4	—	Kosmos 2568 (EO MKA #4)	SSO	Reconnaissance	Success
11	27 December 2023 07:03	Plesetsk, Site 43/4	—	Kosmos 2574 (Razbeg No.1)	SSO	Reconnaissance	Success
12	9 February 2024 07:03	Plesetsk, Site 43/4	—	Kosmos 2575 (Razbeg No. 2)	SSO	Reconnaissance	Success

References

^ "Volga upper stage". russianspaceweb.com. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
^ "Soyuz 2-1 launches maiden mission from Vostochny". nasaspaceflight.com. 27 April 2016. Retrieved 1 May 2016.
^ "Rus/Souyz-2 launch vehicle" (in Russian). Plesetsk Cosmodrome. Retrieved 30 December 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
^ Peslyak, Alexander (24 July 2013). "Vostochny Cosmodrome clears the way to deep space". rbth.co.uk. Russia Beyond The Headlines. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
^ ^5.0 ^5.1 ""Soyuz-1" middle class launch vehicle". Samara Space Centre. Archived from the original on 19 April 2009. Retrieved 11 April 2009.
^ "Steering engine RD0110R (14D24) Carrier rocket "Soyuz-2.1v"" (in Russian). KBKhA. Retrieved 1 June 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
^ "New engine for light rocket "Soyuz" prepare for mass production at the end of the year" (in Russian). Новости космонавтики. Retrieved 8 April 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
^ Zak, Anatoly. "Origin of the Soyuz-1 project". RussianSpaceWeb. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
^ "Soyuz -2.1 B". 10 November 2014.
^ "Ракета «Союз-2.1в» с секретными военными спутниками стартовала с космодрома Плесецк". 21 October 2022.

[1] "Volga upper stage". russianspaceweb.com. Retrieved 10 March 2016.

[nsf-20160427-2] "Soyuz 2-1 launches maiden mission from Vostochny". nasaspaceflight.com. 27 April 2016. Retrieved 1 May 2016.

[3] "Rus/Souyz-2 launch vehicle" (in Russian). Plesetsk Cosmodrome. Retrieved 30 December 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)

[4] Peslyak, Alexander (24 July 2013). "Vostochny Cosmodrome clears the way to deep space". rbth.co.uk. Russia Beyond The Headlines. Retrieved 30 December 2013.

[Samara-5] 5.0 ^5.1 ""Soyuz-1" middle class launch vehicle". Samara Space Centre. Archived from the original on 19 April 2009. Retrieved 11 April 2009.

[kbkha-rd0110r-6] "Steering engine RD0110R (14D24) Carrier rocket "Soyuz-2.1v"" (in Russian). KBKhA. Retrieved 1 June 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)

[7] "New engine for light rocket "Soyuz" prepare for mass production at the end of the year" (in Russian). Новости космонавтики. Retrieved 8 April 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)

[8] Zak, Anatoly. "Origin of the Soyuz-1 project". RussianSpaceWeb. Retrieved 30 December 2013.

[9] "Soyuz -2.1 B". 10 November 2014.

[10] "Ракета «Союз-2.1в» с секретными военными спутниками стартовала с космодрома Плесецк". 21 October 2022.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

v t e Orbital launch systems
List of orbital launch systems Comparison of orbital launch systems
Current	Angara 1.2 A5 Ariane 6 Atlas V Ceres 1 1S Chollima-1 Electron Falcon 9 Block 5 Falcon Heavy Firefly Alpha Gravity-1 GSLV H-IIA H3 Hyperbola-1 Jielong 1 3 KAIROS^† Kaituozhe 2 Kinetica 1 Kuaizhou 1 1A 11 Long March 2C 2D 2F 3A 3B/E 3C 4B 4C 5 5B 6 6A 7 7A 8 11 11H LVM3 Minotaur I IV V C Nuri OS-M1^† Pegasus XL Proton-M PSLV Qaem 100 Qased RS1^† Shavit 2 Simorgh SLS Block 1 Soyuz-2 2.1a / STA 2.1b / STB 2-1v SSLV Starship Tianlong-2 Unha Vega C Vulcan Centaur Zhuque 2
In development	Antares 330 Bloostar Cyclone-4M Deca Epsilon S Eris Gravity-2 Hyperbola-2 Irtysh Kuaizhou 21 31 Long March 9 10 12 Miura 5 MLV Neutron New Glenn New Line 1 NGLV Nova OS-M 2 4 Orbex Prime Pallas-1 Red Dwarf SLS Block 1B Block 2 Soyuz-7 Terran R Tianlong-3 VLM Vega E Zero Zhuque 3 Zuljanah
Retired	Antares 110 120 130^† 230 230+ Ariane 1 2 3 4 5 ASLV Athena I II Atlas B D E/F G H I II III LV-3B SLV-3 Able^† Agena Centaur Black Arrow Conestoga^† Delta A B C D E G J L M N 0100 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 II III IV IV Heavy Diamant Dnepr Energia Epsilon Europa I^† II^† Falcon 1 Falcon 9 v1.0 v1.1 v1.2 "Full Thrust" Feng Bao 1 GSLV Mk I H-I H-II H-IIB Juno I Juno II Kaituozhe-1 Kosmos original 1 2/2I 3 3M Lambda 4S LauncherOne Long March 1 1D^† 2A 2E 3 3B 4A Mu 4S 3C 3H 3S 3SII V N1^† N-I N-II Naro-1 Paektusan^† Pilot-2^† R-7 Luna Molniya M L Polyot Soyuz original FG L M U U2 Soyuz/Vostok Sputnik Voskhod Vostok L K 2 2M R-29 Shtil' Volna^† Rocket 3 Safir 1 1A 1B Saturn I IB V Scout X-1 Blue Scout II^† X-2^† X-2M X-3 X-3M X-4 X-2B^† B A B-1 D-1 A-1 E-1 F-1 G-1 Shavit original 1 SLV Space Shuttle SPARK^† Sparta SS-520 Start-1 Terran 1^† Thor Able Ablestar 1 2 Agena A B D Burner 1 2 Delta DSV-2U Thorad-Agena SLV-2G SLV-2H Titan II GLV IIIA IIIB IIIC IIID IIIE 34D 23G CT-3 IV Tsyklon R-36-O original 2 3 Universal Rocket UR-500 Proton Proton-K Rokot Strela Vanguard Vega original VLS-1^† Zenit 2 2M 2FG 3SL 3SLB 3F Zhuque 1^†
Classes	Sounding rocket Small-lift launch vehicle Medium-lift launch vehicle Heavy-lift launch vehicle Super heavy-lift launch vehicle
This Template lists historical, current, and future space rockets that at least once attempted (but not necessarily succeeded in) an orbital launch or that are planned to attempt such a launch in the future Symbol ^† indicates past or current rockets that attempted orbital launches but never succeeded (never did or has yet to perform a successful orbital launch)

v t e Soviet and Russian launch vehicles
Active	Angara 1.2 A5 Soyuz-2 2.1a 2.1b 2-1v UR Proton-M
In development	Amur Irtysh Yenisei
Retired	Dnepr Energia Kosmos 1 2I 3 3M N1 R-7 Luna Molniya M L Polyot Soyuz original L M U U2 FG Soyuz/Vostok Sputnik Voskhod Vostok L K 2 2M R-29 Shtil' Volna Start-1 Tsyklon original 2 3 UR UR-500 Proton-K Rokot Strela Zenit 2 2M 3SL 3SLB 3F
Cancelled (no launch attempts)	Tsyklon-4 Proton Light Medium

Vehicle

List of launches

See also

References