Stendal

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Coordinates: 52°36′N 11°51′E / 52.600°N 11.850°E / 52.600; 11.850
From English Wikipedia @ Freddythechick
For other uses, see Stendal (disambiguation). Not to be confused with Stendhal.
Stendal
Town
September 2011 view over Stendal with the St. Nicholas Church
September 2011 view over Stendal with the St. Nicholas Church
Coat of arms of Stendal
Coat of arms
Location of Stendal within Stendal district

<imagemap>File: Stendal in SDL.png | 240x240px poly 152 57 145 49 133 34 127 26 121 26 121 15 127 8 140 0 142 0 134 9 140 13 142 27 149 35 159 39 166 43 170 48 164 59 Aland poly 154 35 161 28 149 9 139 13 140 18 146 31 Aland poly 116 111 125 103 133 101 147 96 151 78 159 83 164 77 153 66 150 64 148 65 141 61 131 66 140 77 122 83 112 83 95 82 101 96 111 94 116 99 105 107 106 112 111 117 Altmärkische Höhe poly 185 83 176 78 173 72 178 63 173 68 196 75 199 52 216 61 225 64 212 83 209 88 193 90 Altmärkische Wische poly 235 168 237 149 244 127 230 127 231 139 229 147 217 141 216 151 222 158 Arneburg poly 123 198 126 177 96 180 84 177 78 170 88 166 99 164 107 164 98 159 96 146 111 138 108 123 119 116 134 129 141 135 147 135 151 129 157 140 147 146 158 149 153 164 168 165 175 159 180 167 176 183 156 174 157 192 151 192 151 200 Bismark poly 175 159 175 150 156 147 154 158 150 166 163 166 Bismark poly 199 161 204 150 209 162 218 156 221 156 212 145 212 137 201 137 200 139 195 140 191 152 Eichstedt poly 200 145 201 136 214 141 217 133 210 123 202 123 195 127 183 124 179 122 179 131 196 132 Goldbeck poly 205 173 206 170 216 172 220 172 228 172 227 162 220 158 210 160 197 167 Hassel poly 286 126 286 116 292 106 297 100 283 74 279 74 270 73 241 63 238 77 237 97 251 95 263 107 274 105 273 119 272 118 271 128 285 133 Havelberg poly 230 145 233 133 230 127 235 124 239 132 244 124 238 103 229 114 237 126 221 125 219 114 217 112 211 117 201 118 204 121 212 131 214 139 208 146 220 146 Hohenberg-Krusemark poly 221 125 232 127 238 127 232 120 231 110 219 111 Hohenberg-Krusemark poly 222 113 233 114 239 107 241 95 226 96 218 104 216 104 206 101 196 112 201 118 210 118 Iden poly 274 144 284 131 274 127 271 119 270 107 248 105 242 139 249 137 Kamern poly 192 148 199 137 196 132 181 133 180 125 172 133 173 142 Rochau poly 270 172 262 157 264 139 245 138 237 142 235 158 239 173 249 177 Klietz poly 158 139 166 135 176 129 186 124 197 127 199 125 194 115 194 106 208 96 211 100 214 93 214 87 185 89 179 83 167 84 162 83 146 78 146 96 123 104 117 106 120 118 141 136 151 125 Osterburg poly 174 150 174 142 169 130 146 144 162 149 171 147 Rochau poly 244 121 245 119 250 109 260 108 258 102 257 101 254 101 245 89 238 98 Sandau poly 284 178 290 173 295 165 295 150 282 142 287 131 274 143 266 141 265 155 267 169 Schollene poly 235 205 248 197 262 196 278 190 273 171 273 171 249 175 236 173 228 201 Schönhausen poly 130 233 122 215 127 205 138 196 147 199 151 197 151 192 155 190 158 180 177 181 180 170 176 161 173 148 181 142 197 148 193 160 196 168 210 151 211 161 199 167 212 169 215 172 223 170 230 183 221 186 206 202 215 208 198 215 195 194 180 192 178 186 163 197 155 201 162 207 Stendal poly 178 220 187 215 179 204 167 211 Stendal poly 187 216 202 210 199 194 184 193 177 199 Stendal poly 170 217 179 199 185 194 179 183 171 194 163 192 163 201 152 201 Stendal poly 158 84 167 76 151 61 154 53 162 56 169 54 171 47 158 39 158 35 163 23 171 23 181 32 194 40 188 45 191 53 178 58 171 70 180 77 179 82 Seehausen poly 199 77 193 57 206 53 185 53 175 56 179 63 178 74 Seehausen poly 194 294 187 280 192 272 188 263 174 272 158 266 161 258 153 244 143 241 137 242 124 243 130 234 136 232 149 214 159 208 172 212 182 217 187 215 197 212 203 233 206 246 224 235 232 239 233 267 215 273 216 282 206 291 195 296 178 294 175 290 180 286 187 290 187 291 183 294 Tangerhütte poly 210 244 201 238 203 229 206 228 201 213 213 208 213 204 205 204 211 190 218 185 224 177 231 165 235 165 229 204 225 220 231 234 Tangermünde poly 215 102 231 92 242 96 242 72 237 64 226 67 212 86 Werben (Elbe) poly 278 229 273 212 269 215 279 196 278 185 257 195 242 200 235 205 229 218 250 212 257 209 258 222 Wust-Fischbeck poly 140 63 151 61 155 57 135 40 125 21 116 14 106 10 100 36 113 51 120 50 Zehrental poly 98 297 96 213 59 177 2 175 0 295 Saxony-Anhalt desc bottom-right

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Stendal is located in Germany
Stendal
Stendal
Stendal is located in Saxony-Anhalt
Stendal
Stendal
Coordinates: 52°36′N 11°51′E / 52.600°N 11.850°E / 52.600; 11.850
CountryGermany
StateSaxony-Anhalt
DistrictStendal
Subdivisions33
Government
 • Mayor (2022–29) Bastian Sieler[1]
Area
 • Total268.02 km2 (103.48 sq mi)
Elevation
31 m (102 ft)
Population
 (2022-12-31)[2]
 • Total39,105
 • Density150/km2 (380/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Postal codes
39551–39596
Dialling codes03931
Vehicle registrationSDL
Websitewww.stendal.de

The Hanseatic City of Stendal (German pronunciation: [ˈʃtɛndaːl] <phonos file="de-Stendal.ogg"></phonos>) is a town in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is the capital of the Stendal District and the unofficial capital of the Altmark region.

Geography

Aerial view of Stendal

Situated west of the Elbe valley, the Stendal town centre is located some 125 km (78 mi) west of Berlin, around 170 km (110 mi) east of Hanover, and 55 km (34 mi) north of the state capital Magdeburg. Stendal is the seat of a University of Applied Sciences (Fachhochschule) and preserves a picturesque old town including a historic market and several churches. The nearby village Uchtspringe is home to a psychiatric rehabilitation clinic.

Divisions

The town Stendal consists of Stendal proper and the following 18 Ortschaften or municipal divisions:[3]

History

A settlement named Steinedal in the Eastphalian Balsamgau of Saxony, then a possession of Saint Michael’s Abbey in Hildesheim, was mentioned in a deed allegedly issued by Emperor Henry II in 1022. However, the entry has proven to be a 12th-century forgery, as the original document contained no such record. The fortified town near the Elbe crossing at Tangermünde was actually founded and granted Magdeburg rights by the first Brandenburg margrave Albert the Bear about 1160.

The parish church of St Mary's was first mentioned in 1283. Stendal quickly prospered as a centre of commerce and trade; it received city walls about 1300, the citizens joined the Hanseatic League in 1358 and purchased the privilege of minting from the Brandenburg margraves in 1369. A Latin school is documented from 1338. In 1456 the Hohenzollern elector Frederick II Irontooth founded a convent of Augustinian nuns, which today is the site of a museum. In 1502 his descendant Elector Joachim I Nestor married Princess Elizabeth of Denmark at Stendal. Several churches, the town hall and the two remaining city gates show Stendal's wealth in the period.

The Stendal citizens turned Protestant in 1539, with the reformator Konrad Cordatus serving as superintendent. For centuries part of the Margraviate of Brandenburg, Stendal with the Altmark region passed to the Prussian Province of Saxony after the Napoleonic Wars. A Prussian garrison town since the 17th century, it hosted the 10th (Magdeburg) Hussars regiment from 1884.

Stendal was the site of a Luftwaffe airfield in World War II, which had been the site of the first German Fallschirmjäger training school from 1936; the boxer Max Schmeling was trained as a paratrooper here in 1940/41. The town suffered from strategic bombing. Stendal was hit by 10 air raids, and more than 300 civilians died when Röxe, a residential area in the southern part of the town, was devastated by bombs.[4] The Cathedral and various historical buildings were heavily damaged by bombs. In April 1945, the aerodrome served as starting place of the Sonderkommando Elbe unit, only a few days before the local authorities surrendered to the US Army. On May 4, the commander of the Wehrmacht 12th Army, General Maximilian von Edelsheim, signed the capitulation document at the Stendal town hall. In July 1945, Stendal was handed over to Soviet occupation.

From 1949 until German reunification in 1990, the town belonged to East Germany, part of Bezirk Magdeburg from 1952. Until 1994, the Stendal barracks served as home base for a riflemen division of the Soviet 2nd Guards Tank Army. In 1974 the construction of the Stendal Nuclear Power Plant was begun north of the town, but abandoned after reunification. In 2009 the Stendal citizens voted for the prefix Hansestadt ("Hanseatic City").

On 1 January 2010, the town Stendal absorbed the former municipalities Buchholz, Groß Schwechten, Heeren, Möringen, Nahrstedt, Staats, Uchtspringe, Uenglingen, Volgfelde, and Wittenmoor. On 29 April 2010, it absorbed Vinzelberg, and on 1 September 2010 Dahlen and Insel.[5]

Education

Main article: Magdeburg-Stendal University of Applied Sciences
Part of the campus in Stendal

The Magdeburg-Stendal University of Applied Sciences was founded in 1991 and has around 50 study programmes taught at three departments in Magdeburg and two departments in Stendal. There are approximately 130 professors with around 3,700 students in Magdeburg and 1,800 in Stendal.[6]

Main sights

Tangermünde Gate.
St. Mary's Church and City Hall.

There are various well-preserved historical buildings in Stendal, e.g., the Tangemünde Gate, a medieval city gate dating from 1220 and Uenglinger Gate built in the 15th century.[7] The Powder Tower (Pulverturm) which was built around 1450 is a former defence tower of the medieval city wall. St. Nicholas Church was built in 1423-1467 and heavily damaged by bombs in 1945. Reconstruction was started in 1946, interrupted several times and completed in 2013.[8] The City Hall in the Market Place where a statue of Roland can be seen was built in the 14th century. St. Mary's Church with its two towers measuring 84 metres in height was inaugurated in 1447, and its altar dates from 1471.[9] St. Jakobi Church in the northern part of the historical centre was built 1311-1477. St. Petri Church built at the end of the 13th century is the oldest church in Stendal. Breite Straße with many well-preserved medieval houses is the main street of the old city centre.

Theatre of the Altmark

The area has a theatre named Theater der Altmark. It was founded in 1946 and has always had a particular involvement in youth and children's theatre. Theatrical performances and dance events are staged, as well as concerts, conferences and meetings.

Winckelmann Museum

The Winckelmann Museum[10] is named after Johann Joachim Winckelmann, the founder of classical archaeology. Its holdings include biographical documents, works, designs and diagrams as well as Greek sculptures or casts, along with other small artworks from antiquity. Since summer 2003 the museum has been the owner of the world's biggest Trojan horse. With its size of 15.60 m high, 13 m long, 9.50 m wide and its weight of 45 tons it offers a beautiful view over Stendal. Exhibitions are held relating to archaeology and the history of art from the 18th and 19th centuries; there is also a modern art museum. The museum is the seat of the Winckelmann-Gesellschaft (the Winckelmann Society).[11] In addition, the museum has exhibits relating to the history and cultural history of the city of Stendal and of the Altmark dating from the prehistoric period through the area's early history right up to the present. There are exhibits pertaining to the Hanseatic League, Romanesque art and local archaeological material.

Fire Brigade Museum

The town also has the Landesfeuerwehrmuseum (Fire Brigade Museum), showing the development of fire fighting and protection from the leather bucket to modern fire engines.

Other

The Roland statue in front of the Town Hall.

Stendal is also part of the Altmark cycle path. Information and maps about this cycle path can be had for free from the tourist information office.

Transportation

Stendal station is the most important interchange and rail hub in the north of Saxony-Anhalt. Located on the Berlin–Lehrte railway and the parallel Hanover–Berlin high-speed railway line, it is regularly served by Intercity and Intercity-Express (ICE) trains. Many ICE trains stop in Stendal. Berlin can be reached within 40 minutes and Hanover within 50 minutes.[12]

A direct connection to the German Autobahn network is planned with the extension of the BAB 14 from Magdeburg to Schwerin.

The nearest inland harbour (River Elbe) is in Tangermünde about 15 kms from Stendal.

Twin towns – sister cities

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany

Stendal is twinned with:[13]

People

Associated with the town

  • Stendhal (1783–1842), French writer; he lived near Stendal in 1807–08 as an official of the Napoleonic Kingdom of Westphalia. According to general belief, he used the alias Stendhal from 1817 in homage to Johann Joachim Winckelmann.[15]

Honorary citizens

  • Otto von Bismarck (1815–1898), chancellor, since 1872
  • Friedrich Hermann Haacke (1824–1899), physician who dedicated his life to fighting against the cholera epidemics which affected Stendal in the 19th century. The Haacke-Brunnen, a well in the Sperlingsberg quarter, honours him
  • Gustav Nachtigal (1834–1885), doctor and explorer in Africa. He is honored with bust at the Gustav Nachtigal Square

References

  1. ^ Bürgermeisterwahlen in den Gemeinden, Endgültige Ergebnisse, Statistisches Landesamt Sachsen-Anhalt, accessed 10 November 2022.
  2. ^ "Bevölkerung der Gemeinden – Stand: 31. Dezember 2022" (PDF) (in German). Statistisches Landesamt Sachsen-Anhalt. June 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  3. ^ Hauptsatzung der Hansestadt Stendal, November 2018.
  4. ^ "Angriffe in der Region".
  5. ^ Gebietsänderungen vom 01. Januar bis 31. Dezember 2010, Statistisches Bundesamt
  6. ^ Website - University of Applied Sciences
  7. ^ Karl Baedeker GmbH: Deutschland 2000, p.97. Ostfildern 2000
  8. ^ "Dom St. Nikolaus, Stendal".
  9. ^ "Tourist-Information der Hansestadt Stendal: Marienkirche".
  10. ^ Winckelmann Museum
  11. ^ Winckelmann-Gesellschaft
  12. ^ "Stendal - Alte Hansestadt und Stadt der Backsteingotik".
  13. ^ "Partnerstädte". stendal.de (in Deutsch). Stendal. Retrieved 2021-04-01.
  14. ^ Sime, James; Mitchell, John Malcolm (1911). "Winckelmann, Johann Joachim" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). p. 707.
  15. ^ "Beyle, Marie Henri" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 838–839.

External links

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Stendal.
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