Template:Find sources multi/gscholar

Google Scholar

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This template provides a search link to Google Scholar to help find sources for articles. It is part of the {{find sources multi}} meta-template, but it can also be used on its own. This template should not be used in articles themselves - see Wikipedia:EL#Links normally to be avoided.

Usage

{{Find sources multi/gscholar|search term 1|search term 2|search term 3|search term 4|search term 5|display=custom display text}}

The first parameter is the main search term, which will be treated as a literal string if multi-part (e.g. Albert Einstein will be searched as the single string "Albert Einstein" not "Albert" and "Einstein" separately).

Optional subsequent parameters (up to 4) are additional search terms. They can be enclosed in double quotation marks, preceded by an unspaced - (hyphen) to exclude them from the search results, or both (e.g. -"Marilyn Monroe" to exclude matches containing the phrase "Marilyn Monroe", but not either name by itself, from the search results). You do not need to add -wikipedia, as the template automatically does this for you. Also, there is no need to add words in plural form unless irregular, as the search interface will match (for example) billiards as well given a search term of billiard.

If no parameters are given, the name of the article is passed as the search string. Note that this may or may not be desirable with disambiguated article names (if the Wikipedia disambiguator is sensible, however, it may actually help refine the search results).

Examples

• Default search:

{{Find sources multi/gscholar}}

produces:

Google Scholar

• Simple search:

{{Find sources multi/gscholar|Albert Einstein}}

produces:

Google Scholar

• Complex search:

{{Find sources multi/gscholar|Albert Einstein|physics|-"Marilyn Monroe"|relativity|science}}

produces:

Google Scholar

• Custom display text

{{Find sources multi/gscholar|Albert Einstein|display=Custom display text}}

produces:

Custom display text

See also

Code	Aliases	Preview	Search engine description	Subtemplate	Notes
g	google	Google	Google, the flagship search engine from Google Inc.	Template:Find sources multi/g
gnews	gn	Google News	Google News, Google's search engine for news sites.	Template:Find sources multi/gnews	Can be used with |free=yes to return free results only. Google News search does not work as of December 2013.
gbooks	gb	Google Books	Google Books, Google's search engine for books.	Template:Find sources multi/gbooks
gscholar	gs	Google Scholar	Google Scholar, Google's search engine for academic papers and other scholarly research.	Template:Find sources multi/gscholar
jstor		JSTOR	JSTOR, an online library containing digitised versions of academic journals. Requires a subscription.	Template:Find sources multi/jstor
gfreeimages	gfi	Free Google Images	Google Images, Google's search engine for images. Only images compatible with Wikipedia's licensing are included.	Template:Find sources multi/gfreeimages
archive	ia	Archive.org	The Internet Archive, a digital library of public websites.	Template:Find sources multi/archive
bing	msbooks, msacademic	Bing	Bing, Microsoft's flagship search engine.	Template:Find sources multi/bing	This is a replacement for MS Books and MS Academic, which unfortunately have been discontinued by Microsoft.
gnewsrecent	gnr	Google News recent	Google News, Google's search engine for news sites. Only recent news stories will be searched for.	Template:Find sources multi/gnewsrecent
nyt	nytrecent, nytold	New York Times	The website of The New York Times, a highly respected newspaper.	Template:Find sources multi/nyt	This is a replacement for the NYT Recent and NYT Old searches; these two searches have now been combined into one search interface on the NYT website.
wrs		Wikipedia Reference Search	Wikipedia Reference Search, a Google search that only searches sites vetted by Wikipedians.	Template:Find sources multi/wrs
ddg		DuckDuckGo	DuckDuckGo, a search engine that uses information from crowd-sourced websites (such as Wikipedia) to provide its results.	Template:Find sources multi/ddg
vgrs		VGRS	Thibbs' Google RS, a custom Google search engine that limits the search to sites listed in Wikipedia:WikiProject Video games/Sources.	Template:Find sources multi/vgrs
gnewspapers	gnewspaper, gnp	Google Newspapers	Google Newspapers, a search of Google's digital archive of print newspapers.	Template:Find sources multi/gnewspapers

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