List of POSIX commands

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Utilities listed in POSIX.1-2017

This is a list of POSIX (Portable Operating System Interface) commands as specified by IEEE Std 1003.1-2024, which is part of the Single UNIX Specification (SUS). These commands can be found on Unix operating systems and most Unix-like operating systems.

This is not a comprehensive list of all utilities that existed in the various historic Unix and Unix-like systems, as it excludes utilities that were not mandated by the aforementioned standard.

List

IEEE Std 1003.1-2024 utilities
Name Category Status (Option code) Description First appeared
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">admin</syntaxhighlight> SCCS Optional (XSI) Create and administer SCCS files PWB UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">alias</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Define or display aliases
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">ar</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Create and maintain library archives Version 1 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">asa</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Optional (FR) Interpret carriage-control characters System V
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">at</syntaxhighlight> Process management Mandatory Execute commands at a later time Version 7 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">awk</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Mandatory Pattern scanning and processing language Version 7 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">basename</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Return non-directory portion of a pathname; see also dirname Version 7 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">batch</syntaxhighlight> Process management Mandatory Schedule commands to be executed in a batch queue
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">bc</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Arbitrary-precision arithmetic language Version 6 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">bg</syntaxhighlight> Process management Optional (UP) Run jobs in the background
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">cc</syntaxhighlight>/<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">c17</syntaxhighlight> C programming Optional (CD) Compile standard C programs IEEE Std 1003.1-2024
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">cal</syntaxhighlight> Misc Optional (XSI) Print a calendar Version 5 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">cat</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Concatenate and print files PDP-7 UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">cd</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Change the working directory Version 6 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">cflow</syntaxhighlight> C programming Optional (XSI) Generate a C-language call graph System V
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">chgrp</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Change the file group ownership PWB UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">chmod</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Change the file modes/attributes/permissions PDP-7 UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">chown</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Change the file ownership PDP-7 UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">cksum</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Write file checksums and sizes 4.4BSD
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">cmp</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Compare two files; see also diff Version 1 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">comm</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Mandatory Select or reject lines common to two files Version 4 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">command</syntaxhighlight> Shell programming Mandatory Execute a simple command
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">compress</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Optional (XSI) Compress data 4.3BSD
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">cp</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Copy files PDP-7 UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">crontab</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Schedule periodic background work System V
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">csplit</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Mandatory Split files based on context PWB UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">ctags</syntaxhighlight> C programming Optional (SD) Create a tags file 3BSD
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">cut</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Mandatory Cut out selected fields of each line of a file System III
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">cxref</syntaxhighlight> C programming Optional (XSI) Generate a C-language program cross-reference table System V
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">date</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Display the date and time Version 1 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">dd</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Convert and copy a file Version 5 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">delta</syntaxhighlight> SCCS Optional (XSI) Make a delta (change) to an SCCS file PWB UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">df</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Report free disk space Version 1 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">diff</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Mandatory Compare two files; see also cmp Version 5 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">dirname</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Return the directory portion of a pathname; see also basename System III
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">du</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Estimate file space usage Version 1 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">echo</syntaxhighlight> Shell programming Mandatory Write arguments to standard output Version 2 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">ed</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Mandatory The standard text editor PDP-7 UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">env</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Set the environment for command invocation System III
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">ex</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Optional (UP) Text editor 1BSD
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">expand</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Mandatory Convert tabs to spaces 3BSD
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">expr</syntaxhighlight> Shell programming Mandatory Evaluate arguments as an expression Version 7 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">false</syntaxhighlight> Shell programming Mandatory Return false value Version 7 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">fc</syntaxhighlight> Misc Optional (UP) Process the command history list
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">fg</syntaxhighlight> Process management Optional (UP) Run jobs in the foreground
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">file</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Determine file type Version 4 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">find</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Find files Version 1 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">fold</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Mandatory Filter for folding lines 1BSD
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">fuser</syntaxhighlight> Process management Optional (XSI) List process IDs of all processes that have one or more files open System V
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">gencat</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Generate a formatted message catalog
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">get</syntaxhighlight> SCCS Optional (XSI) Get a version of an SCCS file PWB UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">getconf</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Get configuration values
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">getopts</syntaxhighlight> Shell programming Mandatory Parse utility options
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">gettext</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Retrieve text string from messages object
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">grep</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Search text for a pattern Version 4 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">hash</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Hash database access method
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">head</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Mandatory Copy the first part of files PWB UNIX[citation needed]
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">iconv</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Mandatory Codeset conversion HP-UX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">id</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Return user identity System V
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">ipcrm</syntaxhighlight> Misc Optional (XSI) Remove a message queue, semaphore set, or shared memory segment identifier System V
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">ipcs</syntaxhighlight> Misc Optional (XSI) Report interprocess communication facilities status System V
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">jobs</syntaxhighlight> Process management Optional (UP) Display status of jobs in the current session
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">join</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Mandatory Merges two sorted text files based on the presence of a common field Version 7 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">kill</syntaxhighlight> Process management Mandatory Terminate or signal processes Version 4 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">lex</syntaxhighlight> C programming Optional (CD) Generate programs for lexical tasks Version 7 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">link</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Optional (XSI) Create a hard link to a file Version 1 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">ln</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Link files Version 1 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">locale</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Get locale-specific information
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">localedef</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Define locale environment
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">logger</syntaxhighlight> Shell programming Mandatory Log messages 4.3BSD
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">logname</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Return the user's login name 4.4BSD
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">lp</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Mandatory Send files to a printer System V
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">ls</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory List directory contents Version 1 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">m4</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Macro processor PWB UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">mailx</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Process messages Version 1 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">make</syntaxhighlight> Programming Optional (SD) Maintain, update, and regenerate groups of programs PWB UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">man</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Display system documentation Version 2 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">mesg</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Permit or deny messages Version 1 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">mkdir</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Make directories Version 1 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">mkfifo</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Make FIFO special files 4.4BSD[dubious – discuss]
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">more</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Optional (UP) Display files on a page-by-page basis 3BSD
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">msgfmt</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Create messages objects from messages object files
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">mv</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Move or rename files Version 1 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">newgrp</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Change to a new group Version 6 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">ngettext</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Retrieve text string from messages object with plural form
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">nice</syntaxhighlight> Process management Mandatory Invoke a utility with an altered nice value Version 4 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">nl</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Optional (XSI) Line numbering filter System III
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">nm</syntaxhighlight> C programming Optional
(SD, XSI) 		Write the name list of an object file Version 1 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">nohup</syntaxhighlight> Process management Mandatory Invoke a utility immune to hangups Version 4 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">od</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Dump files in various formats Version 1 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">paste</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Mandatory Merge corresponding or subsequent lines of files Version 32V AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">patch</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Mandatory Apply changes to files 4.3BSD
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">pathchk</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Check pathnames
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">pax</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Portable archive interchange 4.4BSD[citation needed]
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">pr</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Mandatory Paginate or columnate files for printing Version 1 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">printf</syntaxhighlight> Shell programming Mandatory Write formatted output 4.3BSD-Reno
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">prs</syntaxhighlight> SCCS Optional (XSI) Print an SCCS file PWB UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">ps</syntaxhighlight> Process management Mandatory Report process status Version 4 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">pwd</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Print working directory Version 5 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">read</syntaxhighlight> Shell programming Mandatory Read a line from standard input
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">readlink</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Print destination of a symbolic link
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">realpath</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Resolve a symbolic link
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">renice</syntaxhighlight> Process management Mandatory Set nice values of running processes 4BSD
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">rm</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Remove directory entries Version 1 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">rmdel</syntaxhighlight> SCCS Optional (XSI) Remove a delta from an SCCS file PWB UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">rmdir</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Remove directories, if they are empty. Version 1 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">sact</syntaxhighlight> SCCS Optional (XSI) Print current SCCS file-editing activity System III
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">sccs</syntaxhighlight> SCCS Optional (XSI) Front end for the SCCS subsystem 4.3BSD
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">sed</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Mandatory Stream editor Version 7 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">sh</syntaxhighlight> Shell programming Mandatory Shell, the standard command language interpreter Version 7 AT&T UNIX
(in earlier versions, sh was either the Thompson shell or the PWB shell)
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">sleep</syntaxhighlight> Shell programming Mandatory Suspend execution for an interval Version 4 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">sort</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Mandatory Sort, merge, or sequence check text files Version 1 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">split</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Split files into pieces Version 3 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">strings</syntaxhighlight> C programming Mandatory Find printable strings in files 2BSD
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">strip</syntaxhighlight> C programming Optional (SD) Remove unnecessary information from executable files Version 1 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">stty</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Set the options for a terminal Version 2 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">tabs</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Set terminal tabs PWB UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">tail</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Mandatory Copy the last part of a file PWB UNIX[citation needed]
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">talk</syntaxhighlight> Misc Optional (UP) Talk to another user 4.2BSD
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">tee</syntaxhighlight> Shell programming Mandatory Duplicate the standard output Version 5 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">test</syntaxhighlight> Shell programming Mandatory Evaluate expression Version 7 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">time</syntaxhighlight> Process management Mandatory Retrieve and format time and date Version 3 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">timeout</syntaxhighlight> Process management Mandatory Run command with a time limit Version 3 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">touch</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Mandatory Change file access and modification times Version 7 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">tput</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Change terminal characteristics System V
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">tr</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Mandatory Translate characters Version 4 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">true</syntaxhighlight> Shell programming Mandatory Return true value Version 7 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">tsort</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Mandatory Topological sort Version 7 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">tty</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Return user's terminal name Version 1 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">type</syntaxhighlight> Misc Optional (XSI) Displays how a name would be interpreted if used as a command
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">ulimit</syntaxhighlight> Misc Optional (XSI) Set or report file size limit
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">umask</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Get or set the file mode creation mask System III
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">unalias</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Remove alias definitions
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">uname</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Return system name PWB UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">uncompress</syntaxhighlight> Misc Optional (XSI) Expand compressed data 4.3BSD
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">unexpand</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Mandatory Convert spaces to tabs 3BSD
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">unget</syntaxhighlight> SCCS Optional (XSI) Undo a previous get of an SCCS file System III
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">uniq</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Mandatory Report or filter out repeated lines in a file Version 3 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">unlink</syntaxhighlight> Filesystem Optional (XSI) Call the unlink function Version 1 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">uucp</syntaxhighlight> Network Optional (UU) System-to-system copy Version 7 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">uudecode</syntaxhighlight> Network Mandatory Decode a binary file 4BSD
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">uuencode</syntaxhighlight> Network Mandatory Encode a binary file 4BSD
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">uustat</syntaxhighlight> Network Optional (UU) uucp status inquiry and job control System III
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">uux</syntaxhighlight> Process management Optional (UU) Remote command execution Version 7 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">val</syntaxhighlight> SCCS Optional (XSI) Validate SCCS files System III
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">vi</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Optional (UP) Screen-oriented (visual) display editor 1BSD
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">wait</syntaxhighlight> Process management Mandatory Await process completion Version 4 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">wc</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Mandatory Line, word and byte or character count Version 1 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">what</syntaxhighlight> SCCS Optional (XSI) Identify SCCS files PWB UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">who</syntaxhighlight> System administration Optional (XSI) Display who is on the system Version 1 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">write</syntaxhighlight> Misc Mandatory Write to another user's terminal Version 1 AT&T UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">xargs</syntaxhighlight> Shell programming Mandatory Construct argument lists and invoke utility PWB UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">xgettext</syntaxhighlight> C programming Optional (CD) Extract gettext calls from C source code strings IEEE Std 1003.1-2024
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">yacc</syntaxhighlight> C programming Optional (CD) Yet another compiler compiler PWB UNIX
<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">zcat</syntaxhighlight> Text processing Optional (XSI) Expand and concatenate data 4.3BSD

See also

External links

The Wikibook Guide to UNIX has a page on the topic of: Commands
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Unix reference cards.
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