Silver nitrite
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| IUPAC name
Silver(I) nitrite
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| Other names
Argentous nitrite
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChemSpider | |
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PubChem CID
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| Properties | |
| AgNO2 | |
| Molar mass | 153.87 g/mol |
| Appearance | colorless to yellow crystals |
| Melting point | 140 °C (284 °F; 413 K) |
| 0.155 g/100 mL (0 °C) 0.275 g/100 mL (15 °C) 1.363 g/100 mL (60 °C) | |
| Solubility | insoluble in ethanol |
| −42.0·10−6 cm3/mol | |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling:[1] | |
  
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| Warning | |
| H272, H302, H315, H319, H400 | |
| P210, P220, P221, P264, P270, P273, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P321, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P370+P378, P391, P501 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | <imagemap>
File:NFPA 704.svg|80px|alt=NFPA 704 four-colored diamond poly 150 150 300 300 150 450 0 300 Health 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroform poly 300 0 450 150 300 300 150 150 Flammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. water poly 450 150 600 300 450 450 300 300 Instability 2: Undergoes violent chemical change at elevated temperatures and pressures, reacts violently with water, or may form explosive mixtures with water. E.g. white phosphorus poly 300 300 450 450 300 600 150 450 Special hazards (white): no code desc none </imagemap> |
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | Sigma-Aldrich |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Silver nitrite is an inorganic compound with the formula AgNO2.[2]
Applications
Silver nitrite has many applications. Notable examples include:
- The production of aniline compounds.
- General oxidizing agent.
- Victor Meyer type nucleophilic substitution reactions with organobromides or organoiodides forming nitro compounds.[3]
- Nitroalkene synthesis with nitryl iodide generated in-situ from silver nitrite and elemental iodine.[4]
- 1,2,3-Benzothiadiazoles synthesis via skeletal editing (S,N-heteroarene ring transformation) of variously functionalized 2-halobenzothiazoles and benzothiazolinones[5]
Production
Silver nitrite is produced from the reaction between silver nitrate and an alkali nitrite, such as sodium nitrite.[3] Silver nitrite is much less soluble in water than silver nitrate, and a solution of silver nitrate will readily precipitate silver nitrite upon addition of sodium nitrite:
- AgNO3 (aq) + NaNO2 (s) → NaNO3 (aq) + AgNO2 (precipitate)
Alternatively, it can be produced by the reaction between silver sulfate and barium nitrite.
References
- ^ "Silver nitrite". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
- ^ American elements
- ^ 3.0 3.1 Kornblum, N.; Ungnade, H. E. (1958). "1-Nitroöctane (Octane, 1-nitro-)" (PDF). Organic Syntheses. 38: 75. Retrieved 6 January 2014.
- ^ Waldman, Steve; Monte, Aaron, Monte; Bracey, Ann & Nichols, David (1996). "One-pot Claisen rearrangement/O-methylation/alkene isomerization in the synthesis of ortho-methoxylated phenylisopropylamines". Tetrahedron Letters. 37 (44): 7889–7892. doi:10.1016/0040-4039(96)01807-2.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Nociarova, Jela; Purkait, Anisha; Gyepes, Robert; Hrobarik, Peter (2024). "Silver-Catalyzed Skeletal Editing of Benzothiazol-2(3H)-ones and 2-Halogen-Substituted Benzothiazoles as a Rapid Single-Step Approach to Benzo[1,2,3]Thiadiazoles". Organic Letters. 26: 619–624.