Template:Infobox barium

	child table, as reused in {IB-Ba} v; e; h;
Main isotopes of barium

Barium, ₅₆Ba
Barium
Pronunciation	/ˈbɛəriəm/ (BAIR-ee-əm)
Appearance	silvery gray; with a pale yellow tint
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Ba)
	137.327±0.007; 137.33±0.01 (abridged);
Barium in the periodic table
	caesium ← barium → lanthanum
Atomic number (Z)	56
Group	group 2 (alkaline earth metals)
Period	period 6
Block	s-block
Electron configuration	[Xe] 6s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	1000 K (727 °C, 1341 °F)
Boiling point	2118 K (1845 °C, 3353 °F)
Density (at 20° C)	3.594 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	3.338 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	7.12 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	142 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	28.07 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	+1, +2 (a strongly basic oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 0.89
Ionization energies	1st: 502.9 kJ/mol ; 2nd: 965.2 kJ/mol ; 3rd: 3600 kJ/mol ; ;
Atomic radius	empirical: 222 pm
Covalent radius	215±11 pm
Van der Waals radius	268 pm
	Spectral lines of barium
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	body-centered cubic (bcc) (cI2)
Lattice constant	a = 502.5 pm (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	20.47×10−6/K (at 20 °C)
Thermal conductivity	18.4 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	332 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Molar magnetic susceptibility	+20.6×10−6 cm3/mol
Young's modulus	13 GPa
Shear modulus	4.9 GPa
Bulk modulus	9.6 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod	1620 m/s (at 20 °C)
Mohs hardness	1.25
CAS Number	7440-39-3
History
Discovery	Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1772)
First isolation	Humphry Davy (1808)
Isotopes of barium v; e;
	Category: Barium; view; talk; edit; \| references

Ba · Barium
Cs ← ibox Cs	^iso ₅₆Ba [e] IB-Ba [e] IBisos [e]	→ La ibox La
cat:Ba (8) cat:Ba-isotopes (43) Commons Wikidata:Q1112 Wiktionary
indexes by PT (page) v e

Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers	view edit
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)	view edit
Top image (caption, alt)	view edit
Pronunciation	view edit
Allotropes (overview)	view edit
Group (overview)	view edit
Period (overview)	view edit
Block (overview)	view edit
Natural occurrence	view edit
Phase at STP	view edit
Oxidation states	view edit
Spectral lines image	view edit
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)	view edit
Isotopes
Standard atomic weight	view edit
most stable isotope	view edit
Wikidata
Wikidata *	view edit
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2023-01-01) See also {{Index of data sets}} · Cat:data sets (12) · (this table: v )

References

^ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 112. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
^ "Standard Atomic Weights: Barium". CIAAW. 1985.
^ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.
^ Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
^ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
^ ^7.0 ^7.1 Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

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[1] Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 112. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.

[2] "Standard Atomic Weights: Barium". CIAAW. 1985.

[CIAAW2021-3] Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

[Arblaster_2018-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.

[5] Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.

[6] Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

[NUBASE2020-7] 7.0 ^7.1 Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

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