Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-most-stable-isotope

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Usage

Used complementary to s.a.w. template.

{{Infobox element/symbol-to-most-stable-isotope|symbol=Tc}} → 97

|format=[]

{{Infobox element/symbol-to-most-stable-isotope|symbol=Tc|format=[]}} → [97]

{{Infobox element/symbol-to-most-stable-isotope|symbol=Uue|format=[]}} →

The suffix "(predicted)" is automated (request optioning when needed e.g., at WT:ELEMENTS).

• Standard atomic weight

Overview: formal value types of the standard atomic weight
Element (E) ​		Ar°(E)	Value type ​	Ar°(E), abridged or conventional	Mass number [most stable isotope]
hydrogen	1H	[1.00784, 1.00811]	interval	1.0080±0.0002
nitrogen	7N	[14.00643, 14.00728]	interval	14.007±0.001
fluorine	9F	18.998403162±0.000000005	number ± uncertainty	18.998±0.001
calcium	20Ca	40.078±0.004	number ± uncertainty	40.078±0.004
technetium	43Tc	(none)	most stable isotope		[97]

• Data: /symbol-to-saw
• For most stable isotope mass number (Tc, Rf, Uue etc.) see also {{Infobox element/symbol-to-most-stable-isotope}}.

Usage

Use parameter |format=:

{{Infobox element/symbol-to-saw|format=...}}

• |format=standard (default)
• |format=abridged
• |format=formal-short-rounded
• |format=year-changed
• |format=value-type
• |format=gmr-footnote
• |format=source

For 'most stable isotope' value (Tc, Rf, Uue etc.), see also {{Infobox element/symbol-to-most-stable-isotope}}.

|valformat=

sourcing

<syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" style="" inline="1">{{Infobox element/symbol-to-saw/CIAAW-saw-element-page|Hg|format=source}}</syntaxhighlight> →

"Standard Atomic Weights: Mercury". CIAAW. 2011.

or as |format=ref

g, m, r footnote

|format=gmr-footnote

|symbol=H, Og, g-text, m-text, r-text

|valformat=letter, footnote-text (dev Mar2023)

g	[mini-title] Geological and biological materials are known in which the element has an isotopic composition outside the limits for normal material. The difference between the atomic weight of the element in such materials and that given in the table may exceed the stated uncertainty.
m	[mini-title] Modified isotopic compositions may be found in commercially available material because the material has been subjected to some undisclosed or inadvertent isotopic fractionation. Substantial deviations in atomic weight of the element from that given in the table can occur.
r	[mini-title] Range in isotopic composition of normal terrestrial material prevents a more precise standard atomic weight being given; the tabulated value and uncertainty should be applicable to normal material.
Texts from CIAAW site, 19 Mar 2023.

(developing, Mar 2023)

enwiki prefix (mini-title)

g

not applicable for exceptional natural samples

m

not applicable for exceptional man-made samples (undisclosed enrichment)

r

natural variation too large to give single value

(from [1] -DePiep (talk) 09:48, 26 March 2023 (UTC))

Overview

See also: Overview, and compare with wikidata

Standard atomic weights of the elements overview page (data)
Z	Symbol	Name	Ar°(E) 2021: Table 1, columns 4, 5	Type	Abridged columns 7, 8	g, m, r	m.s.i.	Year changed
1	H	hydrogen	[1.00784, 1.00811]	2	1.0080±0.0002	m		2009
2	He	helium	4.002602±0.000002	1	4.0026±0.0001	g, r		1983
3	Li	lithium	[6.938, 6.997]	2	6.94±0.06	m		2009
4	Be	beryllium	9.0121831±0.0000005	1	9.0122±0.0001			2013
5	B	boron	[10.806, 10.821]	2	10.81±0.02	m		2009
6	C	carbon	[12.0096, 12.0116]	2	12.011±0.002			2009
7	N	nitrogen	[14.00643, 14.00728]	2	14.007±0.001	m		2009
8	O	oxygen	[15.99903, 15.99977]	2	15.999±0.001	m		2009
9	F	fluorine	18.998403162±0.000000005	1	18.998±0.001			2021
10	Ne	neon	20.1797±0.0006	1	20.180±0.001	g, m		1985
11	Na	sodium	22.98976928±0.00000002	1	22.990±0.001			2005
12	Mg	magnesium	[24.304, 24.307]	2	24.305±0.002			2011
13	Al	aluminium	26.9815384±0.0000003	1	26.982±0.001			2017
14	Si	silicon	[28.084, 28.086]	2	28.085±0.001			2009
15	P	phosphorus	30.973761998±0.000000005	1	30.974±0.001			2013
16	S	sulfur	[32.059, 32.076]	2	32.06±0.02			2009
17	Cl	chlorine	[35.446, 35.457]	2	35.45±0.01	m		2009
18	Ar	argon	[39.792, 39.963]	2	39.95±0.16			2017
19	K	potassium	39.0983±0.0001	1	39.098±0.001			1979
20	Ca	calcium	40.078±0.004	1	40.078±0.004	g		1983
21	Sc	scandium	44.955907±0.000004	1	44.956±0.001			2021
22	Ti	titanium	47.867±0.001	1	47.867±0.001			1993
23	V	vanadium	50.9415±0.0001	1	50.942±0.001			1977
24	Cr	chromium	51.9961±0.0006	1	51.996±0.001			1983
25	Mn	manganese	54.938043±0.000002	1	54.938±0.001			2017
26	Fe	iron	55.845±0.002	1	55.845±0.002			1993
27	Co	cobalt	58.933194±0.000003	1	58.933±0.001			2017
28	Ni	nickel	58.6934±0.0004	1	58.693±0.001	r		2007
29	Cu	copper	63.546±0.003	1	63.546±0.003	r		1969
30	Zn	zinc	65.38±0.02	1	65.38±0.02	r		2007
31	Ga	gallium	69.723±0.001	1	69.723±0.001			1987
32	Ge	germanium	72.630±0.008	1	72.630±0.008			2009
33	As	arsenic	74.921595±0.000006	1	74.922±0.001			2013
34	Se	selenium	78.971±0.008	1	78.971±0.008	r		2013
35	Br	bromine	[79.901, 79.907]	2	79.904±0.003			2011
36	Kr	krypton	83.798±0.002	1	83.798±0.002	g, m		2001
37	Rb	rubidium	85.4678±0.0003	1	85.468±0.001	g		1969
38	Sr	strontium	87.62±0.01	1	87.62±0.01	g, r		1969
39	Y	yttrium	88.905838±0.000002	1	88.906±0.001			2021
40	Zr	zirconium	91.224±0.002	1	91.224±0.002	g		1983
41	Nb	niobium	92.90637±0.00001	1	92.906±0.001			2017
42	Mo	molybdenum	95.95±0.01	1	95.95±0.01	g		2013
43	Tc	technetium	-	3			[97]
44	Ru	ruthenium	101.07±0.02	1	101.07±0.02	g		1983
45	Rh	rhodium	102.90549±0.00002	1	102.91±0.01			2017
46	Pd	palladium	106.42±0.01	1	106.42±0.01	g		1979
47	Ag	silver	107.8682±0.0002	1	107.87±0.01	g		1985
48	Cd	cadmium	112.414±0.004	1	112.41±0.01	g		2013
49	In	indium	114.818±0.001	1	114.82±0.01			2011
50	Sn	tin	118.710±0.007	1	118.71±0.01	g		1983
51	Sb	antimony	121.760±0.001	1	121.76±0.01	g		1993
52	Te	tellurium	127.60±0.03	1	127.60±0.03	g		1969
53	I	iodine	126.90447±0.00003	1	126.90±0.01			1985
54	Xe	xenon	131.293±0.006	1	131.29±0.01	g, m		1999
55	Cs	caesium	132.90545196±0.00000006	1	132.91±0.01			2013
56	Ba	barium	137.327±0.007	1	137.33±0.01			1985
57	La	lanthanum	138.90547±0.00007	1	138.91±0.01	g		2005
58	Ce	cerium	140.116±0.001	1	140.12±0.01	g		1995
59	Pr	praseodymium	140.90766±0.00001	1	140.91±0.01			2017
60	Nd	neodymium	144.242±0.003	1	144.24±0.01	g		2005
61	Pm	promethium		3			[145]
62	Sm	samarium	150.36±0.02	1	150.36±0.02	g		2005
63	Eu	europium	151.964±0.001	1	151.96±0.01	g		1995
64	Gd	gadolinium	157.25±0.03	1	157.25±0.03	g		1969
65	Tb	terbium	158.925354±0.000007	1	158.93±0.01			2021
66	Dy	dysprosium	162.500±0.001	1	162.50±0.01	g		2001
67	Ho	holmium	164.930329±0.000005	1	164.93±0.01			2021
68	Er	erbium	167.259±0.003	1	167.26±0.01	g		1999
69	Tm	thulium	168.934219±0.000005	1	168.93±0.01			2021
70	Yb	ytterbium	173.045±0.010	1	173.05±0.02	g		2015
71	Lu	lutetium	174.9668±0.0001	1	174.97±0.01	g		2007
72	Hf	hafnium	178.486±0.006	1	178.49±0.01	g		2019
73	Ta	tantalum	180.94788±0.00002	1	180.95±0.01			2005
74	W	tungsten	183.84±0.01	1	183.84±0.01			1991
75	Re	rhenium	186.207±0.001	1	186.21±0.01			1973
76	Os	osmium	190.23±0.03	1	190.23±0.03	g		1991
77	Ir	iridium	192.217±0.002	1	192.22±0.01			2017
78	Pt	platinum	195.084±0.009	1	195.08±0.02			2005
79	Au	gold	196.966570±0.000004	1	196.97±0.01			2017
80	Hg	mercury	200.592±0.003	1	200.59±0.01			2011
81	Tl	thallium	[204.382, 204.385]	2	204.38±0.01			2009
82	Pb	lead	[206.14, 207.94]	2	207.2±1.1			2020
83	Bi	bismuth	208.98040±0.00001	1	208.98±0.01			2005
84	Po	polonium	-	3			[209]
85	At	astatine	-	3			[210]
86	Rn	radon	-	3			[222]
87	Fr	francium	-	3			[223]
88	Ra	radium	-	3			[226]
89	Ac	actinium	-	3			[227]
90	Th	thorium	232.0377±0.0004	1	232.04±0.01	g		2013
91	Pa	protactinium	231.03588±0.00001	1	231.04±0.01			2017
92	U	uranium	238.02891±0.00003	1	238.03±0.01	g, m		1999
93	Np	neptunium	-	3			[237]
94	Pu	plutonium	-	3			[244]
95	Am	americium	-	3			[243]
96	Cm	curium	-	3			[247]
97	Bk	berkelium	-	3			[247]
98	Cf	californium	-	3			[251]
99	Es	einsteinium	-	3			[252]
100	Fm	fermium	-	3			[257]
101	Md	mendelevium	-	3			[258]
102	No	nobelium	-	3			[259]
103	Lr	lawrencium	-	3			[266]
104	Rf	rutherfordium	-	3			[267]
105	Db	dubnium	-	3			[268]
106	Sg	seaborgium	-	3			[267]
107	Bh	bohrium	-	3			[270]
108	Hs	hassium	-	3			[271]
109	Mt	meitnerium	-	3			[278]
110	Ds	darmstadtium	-	3			[281]
111	Rg	roentgenium	-	3			[282]
112	Cn	copernicium	-	3			[285]
113	Nh	nihonium	-	3			[286]
114	Fl	flerovium	-	3			[289]
115	Mc	moscovium	-	3			[290]
116	Lv	livermorium	-	3			[293]
117	Ts	tennessine	-	3			[294]
118	Og	oganesson	-	3			[294]
119	Uue	ununennium	-
120	Ubn	unbinilium	-
121	Ubu	unbiunium	-
122	Ubb	unbibium	-
124	Ubq	unbiquadium	-
126	Ubh	unbihexium	-

g	Geological and biological materials are known in which the element has an isotopic composition outside the limits for normal material. The difference between the atomic weight of the element in such materials and that given in the table may exceed the stated uncertainty.
m	Modified isotopic compositions may be found in commercially available material because the material has been subjected to some undisclosed or inadvertent isotopic fractionation. Substantial deviations in atomic weight of the element from that given in the table can occur.
r	Range in isotopic composition of normal terrestrial material prevents a more precise standard atomic weight being given; the tabulated value and uncertainty should be applicable to normal material.

References

Updates

  (This list: )

CIAAW may publish changes to atomic weights (including its precision and derived values). Since 1947, any update this is done in odd years nominally; the actual date of publication may be some time later.

• 2009 {{CIAAW2009}} (introducing interval notation; Ge):

"Atomic weights of the elements 2009 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure Appl. Chem. 83 (2): 359–396. 12 December 2010. doi:10.1351/PAC-REP-10-09-14.

• 2011 {{CIAAW2011}} (interval for Br, Mg):

"Atomic weights of the elements 2011 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure Appl. Chem. 85 (5): 1047–1078. 29 April 2013. doi:10.1351/PAC-REP-13-03-02.

• 2013 {{CIAAW2013}} (all elements listed):

Meija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.

• 2015 {{CIAAW2015}} (ytterbium changed):

"Standard Atomic Weight of Ytterbium Revised". Chemistry International. 37 (5–6): 26. October 2015. doi:10.1515/ci-2015-0512. eISSN 0193-6484. ISSN 0193-6484.

• 2017 {{CIAAW2017}} (14 values changed):

"Standard atomic weights of 14 chemical elements revised". CIAAW. 2018-06-05.

• 2019 (hafnium value changed): Meija, Juris; et al. (2019-12-09). "Standard atomic weight of hafnium revised". CIAAW. Retrieved 2020-02-25.
• 2020* (lead value changed): Zhu, Xiang-Kun; Benefield, Jacqueline; Coplen, Tyler B.; Gao, Zhaofu; Holden, Norman E. (1 October 2020). "Variation of lead isotopic composition and atomic weight in terrestrial materials (IUPAC Technical Report)". doi:10.1515/pac-2018-0916.

* "2020" is an inconsistent year for change publication: CIAAW maintains that only odd years, changes are publicised.

• 2021 {{CIAAW2021}} (all elements listed); (4 values changed; introduced new symbol; merge "conventional" into "abridged" columns; change uncertainty notation (use "±")

Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

Uncertainty handling

About notation and handling of the uncertainty in the values, including those in [ ] range values:

• Possolo, Antonio; van der Veen, Adriaan M.H.; Meija, Juris; et al. (4 Jan 2018). "Interpreting and propagating the uncertainty of the standard atomic weights (IUPAC Technical Report)". doi:10.1515/pac-2016-0402. Retrieved 20 Oct 2020.
• {{CIAAW2021}}: changing notation (i.e., interpretation, not the value) from 123.45(2) into 123.45±0.02

Outdated references
{{NUBASE 1997}} — Audi {{NUBASE 2003}} — Audi (used in the 2008 enwiki "Isotopes of <element>" Big Tables) {{NUBASE 2012}} {{CIAAW2003}} — De Laeter {{CIAAW 2005}} — Wieser {{CRC85}} ({{CRC85|chapter=11}}) &mdsh; Holden "Universal Nuclide Chart". nucleonica. -- broken/bad access

See also: {{Isotopes table/references}}

Data templates to update

• {{Infobox element/symbol-to-saw}} -- meta

data

{{CIAAW2021}}

• {{Infobox element/symbol-to-saw/standard}}
• {{Infobox element/symbol-to-saw/abridged}}
• {{Infobox element/symbol-to-saw/formal-short-rounded}}

secondary data

• {{Infobox element/symbol-to-saw/formal-short-rounded}} -- uncertainties removed; informal (e.g., in periodic table)
• {{Infobox element/symbol-to-saw/year-changed}} -- by CIAAW
• {{Infobox element/symbol-to-saw/value-type}}
• {{Infobox element/symbol-to-saw/gmr-footnote}}

See also

• {{Standard atomic weight of the elements}} - list, mainspace
• {{Infobox element/standard atomic weight/value illustration}} - illustrative table with 6 examples, mainspace

• {{Infobox element/symbol-to-saw/overview}}
• {{Infobox element/symbol-to-saw/overview-compare-wikidata}} -- compares values with WD values

• {{Infobox element/symbol-to-most-stable-isotope}}

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