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Eurovision Song Contest 1993

International song competition
(Redirected from 1993 Eurovision Song Contest)

The Eurovision Song Contest 1993 was the 38th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest, held on 15 May 1993 at the Green Glens Arena in Millstreet, Ireland. Organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster Radio Telefís Éireann (RTÉ), and presented by Fionnuala Sweeney, the contest was held in Ireland following the country's victory at the 1992 contest with the song "Why Me?" performed by Linda Martin.

Eurovision Song Contest 1993
File:Eurovision Song Contest 1993 logo.svg
Dates
Final15 May 1993
Host
VenueGreen Glens Arena,
Millstreet, Ireland
Presenter(s)Fionnuala Sweeney
Musical directorNoel Kelehan
Directed byAnita Notaro
Executive supervisorChristian Clausen
Executive producerLiam Miller
Host broadcasterRadio Telefís Éireann (RTÉ)
Participants
Number of entries25
Debuting countries
Returning countriesNone
Non-returning countries Yugoslavia
  • <imagemap> File:ESC_1993_Map 2.svg|299px|alt=A coloured map of the countries of Europe poly 244 323 245 319 252 316 261 316 269 318 267 322 270 325 272 330 266 333 266 338 261 338 261 331 257 334 258 329 252 324 247 323 Belgium in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 poly 289 469 287 465 288 456 288 451 286 447 292 443 295 442 297 443 312 426 310 422 308 420 303 407 296 403 292 401 284 407 283 408 283 404 276 404 276 402 276 398 272 395 275 395 278 390 276 385 282 384 289 378 294 385 294 379 300 380 305 373 308 374 315 371 318 371 322 375 331 376 331 382 330 384 324 389 320 389 320 393 323 397 321 399 322 402 317 402 318 414 329 414 329 409 333 412 336 419 339 426 344 432 354 432 358 432 356 435 368 440 375 444 381 448 380 453 374 449 369 447 367 449 362 456 368 461 368 466 364 472 358 477 355 478 353 486 353 491 351 491 351 494 346 494 343 488 332 484 327 483 327 480 333 478 343 479 353 476 358 473 361 468 358 458 355 456 351 449 340 446 338 439 331 437 332 426 319 426 319 429 312 426 298 442 298 446 301 448 299 454 299 467 293 465 Italy in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 poly 266 318 261 315 253 315 260 307 263 299 267 294 278 291 281 295 281 300 278 302 278 305 277 311 270 311 272 316 272 320 272 325 268 325 268 320 262 315 Netherlands in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 poly 276 385 274 377 272 377 267 380 268 375 272 371 276 366 277 363 285 363 289 361 293 361 293 363 292 363 292 374 304 374 304 372 306 372 303 377 298 379 294 379 294 384 290 381 287 378 284 381 Switzerland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 poly 282 363 282 358 285 350 288 346 277 343 276 339 275 336 272 331 274 328 271 322 272 315 272 310 275 310 279 306 279 299 282 294 280 289 289 289 295 289 293 275 302 275 302 281 310 281 307 286 310 286 317 283 321 280 328 280 328 283 330 290 332 289 332 294 332 299 336 302 338 313 340 321 334 321 326 324 318 329 320 337 322 341 331 348 332 350 326 356 326 362 314 362 310 365 305 362 Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 poly 225 234 219 246 213 252 221 255 225 273 229 280 233 288 229 294 238 294 241 296 241 304 230 311 236 314 225 320 209 318 199 316 197 320 193 318 182 321 192 311 197 310 203 310 208 305 202 308 189 301 199 295 196 284 207 285 212 277 208 267 200 265 188 272 176 266 181 258 189 258 192 268 199 265 199 260 200 251 197 241 201 232 193 223 196 220 206 221 216 220 229 201 226 217 218 223 211 231 United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 rect 270 404 283 416 Monaco in the Eurovision Song Contest poly 269 341 267 334 271 332 275 336 274 342 Luxembourg in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 poly 69 539 0 539 0 503 69 502 131 469 137 458 135 455 139 448 137 441 143 441 147 425 153 420 150 415 141 415 134 410 136 401 132 397 142 392 155 398 173 403 187 405 198 409 210 417 220 417 220 426 233 426 233 424 239 424 239 429 248 454 226 465 206 465 195 476 190 476 184 484 160 482 152 484 148 488 144 482 141 474 138 471 133 469 69 502 69 538 Spain in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 poly 179 292 174 292 164 295 156 295 156 292 151 292 151 289 155 286 160 282 164 275 158 271 163 262 170 265 171 260 175 254 178 255 179 261 175 265 176 268 180 268 181 268 186 273 184 281 184 288 Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 poly 293 275 291 268 290 266 292 264 289 257 291 248 296 248 300 242 304 242 303 253 306 257 317 261 318 266 318 272 311 277 Denmark in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 poly 369 198 368 189 365 175 367 170 370 165 376 146 380 142 378 136 372 134 368 128 368 122 363 110 360 107 347 102 347 99 350 96 357 100 364 101 370 98 370 90 370 86 375 80 384 85 382 98 384 101 389 103 392 106 391 113 400 125 401 138 405 142 410 146 408 152 413 155 420 157 419 166 415 177 408 191 400 193 392 199 384 204 373 198 Finland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 poly 278 231 274 227 274 219 271 201 273 189 283 180 297 172 304 162 314 150 316 132 325 118 320 113 324 105 336 94 348 84 362 71 372 69 321 11 311 0 322 0 322 11 371 69 381 71 385 72 383 77 385 82 385 86 374 81 371 85 371 94 370 101 363 101 357 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258 321 255 320 248 Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 poly 569 535 559 523 556 517 557 512 559 496 564 493 568 506 Israel in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 poly 399 454 403 443 404 436 411 436 411 433 418 432 422 427 431 424 440 426 442 426 450 422 448 416 455 420 452 426 453 430 448 430 439 430 437 432 430 434 430 441 420 440 420 445 424 449 431 455 439 461 443 465 437 466 437 472 438 496 446 497 453 497 465 497 452 501 439 499 439 496 438 470 434 468 428 471 432 477 426 477 431 486 424 485 416 483 417 477 403 469 408 467 Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 rect 338 498 350 509 Malta in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 poly 331 376 321 374 321 371 313 371 307 375 304 375 305 363 314 363 322 362 328 364 324 358 330 352 333 350 338 350 342 346 351 347 356 349 358 352 362 356 355 362 355 370 350 374 336 377 327 374 Austria in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 poly 200 407 206 379 208 372 203 367 199 355 187 348 184 339 196 339 198 343 209 345 209 332 218 337 225 334 235 330 237 321 244 319 252 328 256 331 266 338 275 341 288 346 284 356 281 365 269 377 274 379 277 386 275 393 276 404 270 404 270 416 296 423 298 427 296 436 294 438 291 433 291 427 296 424 270 415 262 415 256 411 248 410 240 415 240 424 233 424 234 414 221 414 221 416 216 417 203 412 France in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 poly 582 375 591 371 596 371 604 374 604 381 605 383 615 383 615 389 618 398 623 405 628 410 625 414 612 416 602 423 593 429 587 437 581 441 574 439 568 447 558 448 561 453 557 459 555 456 557 449 554 448 549 454 540 455 536 464 524 470 515 465 505 464 503 467 503 474 496 476 489 474 473 470 468 463 458 458 461 451 461 444 455 444 455 438 464 433 476 433 477 426 483 421 477 421 464 423 461 430 453 431 454 423 452 418 454 413 460 410 467 414 479 416 497 414 504 402 517 396 530 395 542 395 556 394 563 391 570 387 577 383 Turkey in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 poly 386 427 383 422 378 420 380 413 386 407 386 403 382 400 382 393 380 388 379 379 385 375 391 377 392 379 394 384 401 386 399 391 406 393 409 389 411 390 410 394 411 396 409 403 416 406 417 411 411 411 412 414 415 416 408 418 401 421 398 423 393 418 388 418 387 422 Yugoslavia in the Eurovision Song Contest poly 96 539 97 533 104 524 106 520 116 514 128 512 134 505 144 489 152 499 161 502 170 503 180 506 183 511 181 531 183 536 186 539 96 539 Morocco in the Eurovision Song Contest poly 530 487 524 482 533 473 544 469 543 480 Cyprus in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 poly 148 137 144 133 140 127 132 124 138 123 140 115 132 109 142 109 143 106 136 103 145 94 149 99 152 106 160 108 171 112 175 108 181 118 184 128 176 135 156 137 151 140 Iceland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 poly 379 419 371 415 361 408 356 402 353 397 353 392 356 390 366 390 376 390 382 391 382 397 386 401 383 406 381 408 378 416 Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 poly 369 415 362 411 356 411 349 406 349 404 351 403 346 399 344 393 340 390 337 396 333 392 333 390 342 388 350 384 350 380 353 376 360 377 366 381 369 382 376 380 379 384 381 391 369 391 359 390 359 392 354 392 353 394 355 402 366 410 370 414 Croatia in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 poly 332 384 331 376 337 376 347 375 353 371 356 374 350 378 350 382 346 385 347 389 342 387 339 388 335 388 Slovenia in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 poly 395 229 395 223 380 227 380 221 386 214 394 207 403 207 412 207 412 214 415 225 415 228 409 231 400 225 397 229 Estonia in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 poly 367 358 359 355 357 352 360 347 365 345 368 339 371 337 383 337 388 336 392 333 395 334 398 336 401 338 399 346 391 346 386 346 385 351 375 354 372 358 Slovakia in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 poly 355 374 356 367 356 362 360 361 360 355 364 359 369 357 373 353 383 351 385 346 397 346 401 346 405 351 401 356 398 368 395 372 391 375 385 377 376 382 370 382 364 379 Hungary in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 poly 416 399 412 395 411 390 407 390 401 390 399 385 396 384 395 381 389 376 395 374 399 360 402 356 408 348 415 348 422 346 423 350 426 346 431 345 436 339 445 345 449 352 455 359 453 367 456 373 463 371 470 368 471 375 466 375 464 381 463 391 455 388 448 389 442 392 438 397 Romania in the Eurovision Song Contest 1993 desc bottom-right </imagemap>      Finalist countries     Countries eliminated in Kvalifikacija za Millstreet     Countries that participated in the past but not in 1993
Vote
Voting systemEach country awarded 12, 10, 8–1 point(s) to their 10 favourite songs
Winning song Ireland
"In Your Eyes"
1992 ← Eurovision Song Contest → 1994

Twenty-five countries participated in the contest, the largest yet held. Twenty-two of the twenty-three countries that had participated in the previous year's event returned, with Yugoslavia prevented from competing following the closure of its national broadcaster and the placement of sanctions against the country as a response to the Yugoslav Wars. In response to an increased interest in participation from former Eastern Bloc countries following the collapse of communist regimes, three spaces in the event were allocated to first-time participating countries, which would be determined through a qualifying competition. Held in April 1993 in Ljubljana, Slovenia, Kvalifikacija za Millstreet featured entries from seven countries and resulted in the entries from the former Yugoslav republics of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Slovenia progressing to the contest in Millstreet.

For the second year in a row, the winner was Ireland with the song "In Your Eyes", written by Jimmy Walsh and performed by Niamh Kavanagh. The United Kingdom, Switzerland, France, and Norway completed the top five, with the United Kingdom achieving their second consecutive runner-up placing. Ireland achieved their fifth victory in the contest, matching the overall record held by France and Luxembourg, and joined Israel, Luxembourg and Spain as countries with wins in successive contests.

Location

 
 
The Great Southern Hotel in Killarney (top) and Cork's City Hall (bottom) hosted receptions for the participating delegations during the week of the contest.
class=notpageimage|
Location of host town Millstreet (in blue) and other towns and cities which held events during the contest week (in green); County Cork is highlighted

The 1993 contest took place in Millstreet, Ireland, following the country's victory at the 1992 edition with the song "Why Me?", performed by Linda Martin. It was the fourth time that Ireland had hosted the contest, having previously staged the event in 1971, 1981 and 1988, with all previous events held in the country's capital city Dublin.[1][2]

The Green Glens Arena, an indoor arena used primarily for equestrian events, was chosen as the contest venue, with its owner Noel C Duggan offering the use of the venue for free, as well as pledging a further £200,000 from local businesses for the staging of the event.[3][4] Individuals within RTÉ, including the organisation's Director-General Joe Barry, were interested in staging the event outside of Dublin for the first time, and alongside Dublin RTÉ production teams scouted locations in rural Ireland in the months following Ireland's win.[5] Although the contest had previously been held in smaller towns, such as Harrogate, an English town of 70,000 people which staged the 1982 contest, with a population of 1,500, Millstreet became the smallest settlement to stage the event at that time and continues to hold the record as of 2024.[6] The arena would have an audience of around 3,500 during the contest.[3] The choice of Millstreet and the Green Glens Arena to stage the contest was met with some ridicule, with BBC journalist Nicholas Witchell referring to the venue as a "cowshed", however Millstreet had won out over more conventional locations, including Dublin and Galway, due to the facilities available in the Green Glens Arena and the town's local community which were hugely enthusiastic about the event being staged in their area.[6][5][7]

Due to the small size of Millstreet, delegations were primarily based in surrounding settlements, including Killarney and other towns in counties Cork and Kerry.[5][8] Alongside Millstreet itself, Killarney and Cork City held receptions for the competing delegates during the week of the contest, at the Great Southern Hotel in Killarney and Cork's City Hall, the latter hosted by the Minister for Arts, Culture and the Gaeltacht.[9]

Participating countries

Further information: Kvalifikacija za Millstreet and List of countries in the Eurovision Song Contest
Eurovision Song Contest 1993 – Participation summaries by country
Countries in italics failed to progress from Kvalifikacija za Millstreet

In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the Eurovision Song Contest regularly featured over twenty participating countries in each edition, and by 1992 an increasing number of countries had begun expressing an interest in joining the event for the first time. This came as a result of revolutions among many European countries that led to the fall of communist regimes and the formation of liberal democratic government among existing states and newly sovereign countries formed from entities within the former Soviet Union and Yugoslavia.[1][10][11] In an effort to incorporate these new countries into the contest, the contest organisers the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) raised the maximum number of participating countries to twenty-five – the highest number yet seen in the contest – creating space for three new countries to participate alongside twenty-two of the twenty-three countries that had participated in the 1992 contest.[4][10] Yugoslavia – which had participated in the contest since 1961[a] – was unable to participate as its EBU member broadcaster Jugoslovenska radio-televizija (JRT) was disbanded in 1992 and its successor organisations Radio-televizija Srbije (RTS) and Radio-televizija Crne Gore (RTCG) were barred from joining the EBU due to sanctions against the country as part of the Yugoslav Wars.[4][13]

As a temporary solution for the 1993 contest, a qualifying round was organised to determine the three countries which participate in the final for the first time. Subsequently, for the 1994 contest, a relegation system was introduced which would bar the lowest-scoring countries from participating in the following year's event.[1][4][10][11] At the running order draw, held in December 1992 at the National Concert Hall in Dublin and hosted by Pat Kenny and Linda Martin, the three new countries were represented as Countries A, B and C, corresponding with the countries that placed first, second and third in the qualifying competition respectively.[10][14] Entitled Kvalifikacija za Millstreet, the qualifying round took place on 3 April 1993 in Ljubljana, Slovenia.[1][10] Initially broadcasters in as many as fourteen countries registered an interest in competing in the event, however only seven countries eventually submitted entries, representing Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Estonia, Hungary, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia.[10] Ultimately the entries from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Slovenia were chosen to progress to the contest proper in Millstreet;[1][4][10] as constituent republics of SFR Yugoslavia, representatives from all three countries had previously competed in the contest.[15]

A number of artists who had previously participated in the contest were featured among the performers at this event, either as the main performing artist or as backing performers: Tony Wegas represented Austria for a second consecutive year, and among his backing performers was Gary Lux, who had previously represented Austria in the contest on three occasions, as a member of the group Westend in 1983 and as a solo artist in 1985 and 1987;[16][17] Katri Helena made a second contest appearance for Finland, having previously competed in 1979;[16] Denmark's Tommy Seebach, having previously competed in 1979 as a solo artist and in 1981 alongside Debbie Cameron, competed in the 1993 contest as part of the Seebach Band;[16] and Humphrey Campbell, who had represented the Netherlands in the previous year's event, returned as a backing singer for the Dutch entrant Ruth Jacott.[18]

Participants of the Eurovision Song Contest 1993[16][19][20]
Country Broadcaster Artist Song Language Songwriter(s) Conductor
  Austria ORF Tony Wegas "Maria Magdalena" German
Christian Kolonovits
  Belgium BRTN Barbara "Iemand als jij" Dutch
  • Tobana
  • Marc Vliegen
 Bert Candries
  Bosnia and Herzegovina RTVBiH Fazla "Sva bol svijeta" Bosnian
Noel Kelehan[b]
  Croatia HRT Put "Don't Ever Cry" Croatian, English
Andrej Baša
  Cyprus CyBC Zymboulakis and Van Beke "Mi stamatas" (Μη σταματάς) Greek
  • Aristos Moschovakis
  • Rodoula Papalambrianou
 George Theofanous
  Denmark DR Seebach Band "Under stjernerne på himlen" Danish
George Keller
  Finland YLE Katri Helena "Tule luo" Finnish
  • Matti Puurtinen
  • Jukka Saarinen
 Olli Ahvenlahti
  France France Télévision Patrick Fiori "Mama Corsica" French, Corsican François Valéry Christian Cravero
  Germany MDR[c] Münchener Freiheit "Viel zu weit" German Stefan Zauner Norbert Daum
  Greece ERT Katerina Garbi "Ellada, hora tou fotos" (Ελλάδα, χώρα του φωτός) Greek Dimosthenis Stringlis Haris Andreadis
  Iceland RÚV Inga "Þá veistu svarið" Icelandic
  • Friðrik Sturluson
  • Jon Kjell Seljeseth
 Jon Kjell Seljeseth
  Ireland RTÉ Niamh Kavanagh "In Your Eyes" English Jimmy Walsh Noel Kelehan
  Israel IBA Lehakat Shiru "Shiru" (שירו) Hebrew, English
Amir Frohlich
  Italy RAI Enrico Ruggeri "Sole d'Europa" Italian Enrico Ruggeri Vittorio Cosma
  Luxembourg CLT Modern Times "Donne-moi une chance" French, Luxembourgish
  • Patrick Hippert
  • Jimmy Martin
 Francis Goya
  Malta PBS William Mangion "This Time" English William Mangion Joseph Sammut
  Netherlands NOS Ruth Jacott "Vrede" Dutch
Harry van Hoof
  Norway NRK Silje Vige "Alle mine tankar" Norwegian Bjørn Erik Vige Rolf Løvland
  Portugal RTP Anabela "A cidade até ser dia" Portuguese
Armindo Neves
  Slovenia RTVSLO 1X Band "Tih deževen dan" Slovene
  • Tomaž Kosec
  • Cole Moretti
 Jože Privšek
  Spain TVE Eva Santamaría "Hombres" Spanish Carlos Toro Eduardo Leiva
  Sweden SVT Arvingarna "Eloise" Swedish
Curt-Eric Holmquist
   Switzerland SRG SSR Annie Cotton "Moi, tout simplement" French
  • Christophe Duc
  • Jean-Jacques Egli
 Marc Sorrentino
  Turkey TRT Burak Aydos, Öztürk Baybora and Serter "Esmer Yarim" Turkish Burak Aydos No conductor
  United Kingdom BBC Sonia "Better the Devil You Know" English
  • Dean Collinson
  • Red
 Nigel Wright
Entires which failed to progress from Kvalifikacija za Millstreet[10][20]
Country Broadcaster Artist Song Language Songwriter(s)
  Estonia ETV Janika Sillamaa "Muretut meelt ja südametuld" Estonian
  Hungary MTV Andrea Szulák "Árva reggel" Hungarian
  • Emese Hatvani
  • György Jakab
  • László Pásztor
  Romania TVR Dida Drăgan "Nu pleca" Romanian
  Slovakia STV Elán "Amnestia na neveru" Slovak

Production and format

The Eurovision Song Contest 1993 was produced by the Irish public broadcaster Radio Telefís Éireann (RTÉ). Liam Miller served as executive producer, Kevin Linehan served as producer, Anita Notaro served as director, Alan Farquharson served as designer, and Noel Kelehan served as musical director, leading the RTÉ Concert Orchestra.[1][22][23][24] A separate musical director could be nominated by each country to lead the orchestra during their performance, with the host musical director also available to conduct for those countries which did not nominate their own conductor.[16]

Each participating broadcaster submitted one song, which was required to be no longer than three minutes in duration and performed in the language, or one of the languages, of the country which it represented.[25][26] A maximum of six performers were allowed on stage during each country's performance, and all participants were required to have reached the age of 16 in the year of the contest.[25][27] Each entry could utilise all or part of the live orchestra and could use instrumental-only backing tracks; however any backing tracks used could only include the sound of instruments featured on stage being mimed by the performers.[27][28]

The results of the 1993 contest were determined through the same scoring system as had first been introduced in 1975: each country awarded twelve points to its favourite entry, followed by ten points to its second favourite, and then awarded points in decreasing value from eight to one for the remaining songs which featured in the country's top ten, with countries unable to vote for their own entry.[29] The points awarded by each country were determined by an assembled jury of sixteen individuals, which was required to be split evenly between members of the public and music professionals, between men and women, and by age. Each jury member voted in secret and awarded between one and ten votes to each participating song, excluding that from their own country and with no abstentions permitted. The votes of each member were collected following the country's performance and then tallied by the non-voting jury chairperson to determine the points to be awarded. In any cases where two or more songs in the top ten received the same number of votes, a show of hands by all jury members was used to determine the final placing.[30][31]

The 1993 contest was at the time the largest outside broadcast production ever undertaken by RTÉ, and the broadcaster was reported to have spent over £2,200,000 on producing the event.[32][33] In order to stage the event Millstreet and the Green Glens Arena underwent major infrastructure improvements, which were led by local groups and individuals.[5][32] The floor area within the arena had to be dug out in order to create additional height to facilitate the stage and equipment, extra phone lines had to be installed, and the town's railway line and station required an extension at an extra cost of over £1,000,000.[3][4][34]

The stage design for the Millstreet contest featured the largest stage yet constructed for the event, covering 2,500ft² (232m²) of translucent material which was illuminated from below by lighting strips. A mirror image of the triangular shaped stage was suspended from above, and a slanted background created a distorted perspective for the viewer. A hidden doorway featured in the centre of the stage, which was used by the presenter at the beginning of the show, and by the winning artist as they re-entered the arena following the broadcast.[4][33][35] The contest logo, which was publicly presented in February 1993, was designed by Conor Cassidy and was adapted from aspects of the coat of arms of County Cork.[33][36]

Rehearsals for the participating artists began on 10 May 1993. Two technical rehearsals were conducted for each participating delegation in the week approaching the contest, with countries rehearsing in the order in which they would perform. The first rehearsals were held on 10 and 11 May, consisting of a 15-minute stage-call for the setting up of the stage with instruments and equipment and to brief the orchestra, followed by a 25-minute rehearsal, with the second rehearsals held on 12 and 13 May comprising a 10-minute stage call and 20-minute rehearsal. Following each first rehearsal, there was an opportunity for delegates to review their rehearsals on video monitors, as well as to take part in a 25-minute press conference. Three dress rehearsals were held with all artists, two held in the afternoon and evening of 14 May and one final rehearsal in the afternoon of 15 May. An audience was present for the second dress rehearsal on the evening of 12 May, which was highly attended by the local population of Millstreet.[9][37]

Contest overview

 
Niamh Kavanagh (pictured in 2010), the winning artist of the 1993 Eurovision Song Contest.

The contest took place on 15 May 1993 at 20:00 (IST) and lasted 3 hours and 1 minute.[1][16] The show was presented by the Irish journalist Fionnuala Sweeney.[1][38]

The contest was opened by an animated sequence designed by Gary Keenan and inspired by Celtic mythology, set to Irish traditional music by composers Ronan Johnston and Shea Fitzgerald and featuring uilleann pipes player Davy Spillane.[5][33][39] The interval act comprised performances by previous Eurovision winners Linda Martin, reprising her winning song from the previous year's contest "Why Me?", and Johnny Logan, performing the song "Voices (Are Calling)" with choirs from the Cork School of Music and local children of Millstreet.[39][40][41] The trophy awarded to the winners was crafted by Waterford Crystal and was presented by Linda Martin.[39][40]

The winner was Ireland represented by the song "In Your Eyes", written by Jimmy Walsh and performed by Niamh Kavanagh.[42] This marked Ireland's fifth contest win, putting them level with Luxembourg and France for the country with the most wins, and its second win in a row, matching the same feat previously achieved by Spain (1968 and 1969), Luxembourg (1972 and 1973) and Israel (1978 and 1979).[2][30]} The United Kingdom finished in second place for the second year in a row, and for a record-extending fourteenth time overall.[30][43]

Results of the Eurovision Song Contest 1993[30][44]
R/O Country Artist Song Points Place
1   Italy Enrico Ruggeri "Sole d'Europa" 45 12
2   Turkey Burak Aydos, Öztürk Baybora and Serter "Esmer Yarim" 10 21
3   Germany Münchener Freiheit "Viel zu weit" 18 18
4    Switzerland Annie Cotton "Moi, tout simplement" 148 3
5   Denmark Seebach Band "Under stjernerne på himlen" 9 22
6   Greece Katerina Garbi "Ellada, hora tou fotos" 64 9
7   Belgium Barbara "Iemand als jij" 3 25
8   Malta William Mangion "This Time" 69 8
9   Iceland Inga "Þá veistu svarið" 42 13
10   Austria Tony Wegas "Maria Magdalena" 32 14
11   Portugal Anabela "A cidade até ser dia" 60 10
12   France Patrick Fiori "Mama Corsica" 121 4
13   Sweden Arvingarna "Eloise" 89 7
14   Ireland Niamh Kavanagh "In Your Eyes" 187 1
15   Luxembourg Modern Times "Donne-moi une chance" 11 20
16   Slovenia 1X Band "Tih deževen dan" 9 22
17   Finland Katri Helena "Tule luo" 20 17
18   Bosnia and Herzegovina Fazla "Sva bol svijeta" 27 16
19   United Kingdom Sonia "Better the Devil You Know" 164 2
20   Netherlands Ruth Jacott "Vrede" 92 6
21   Croatia Put "Don't Ever Cry" 31 15
22   Spain Eva Santamaría "Hombres" 58 11
23   Cyprus Zymboulakis and Van Beke "Mi stamatas" 17 19
24   Israel Lehakat Shiru "Shiru" 4 24
25   Norway Silje Vige "Alle mine tankar" 120 5

Spokespersons

Each country nominated a spokesperson, connected to the contest venue via telephone lines and responsible for announcing, in English or French, the votes for their respective country.[25][45] Known spokespersons at the 1993 contest are listed below.

Detailed voting results

Jury voting was used to determine the points awarded by all countries.[30] The announcement of the results from each country was conducted in the order in which they performed, with the spokespersons announcing their country's points in English or French in ascending order. However, due to a technical problem with the telephone connection, Malta, which had been scheduled to be the eighth country to vote, was passed over and instead voted last.[30][39] The detailed breakdown of the points awarded by each country is listed in the tables below.

Detailed voting results of the Eurovision Song Contest 1993[30][51][52]
Total score
Italy
Turkey
Germany
Switzerland
Denmark
Greece
Belgium
Iceland
Austria
Portugal
France
Sweden
Ireland
Luxembourg
Slovenia
Finland
Bosnia and Herzegovina
United Kingdom
Netherlands
Croatia
Spain
Cyprus
Israel
Norway
Malta
Contestants
 Italy 45 1 10 5 10 8 2 2 7
Turkey 10 1 2 1 6
Germany 18 8 2 3 4 1
Switzerland 148 10 12 10 7 8 4 6 1 12 6 7 12 8 4 10 8 2 3 6 4 3 5
Denmark 9 1 3 5
Greece 64 2 2 2 7 6 5 8 12 7 7 6
Belgium 3 3
Malta 69 7 5 4 7 5 5 4 2 2 4 2 4 6 4 4 1 3
Iceland 42 4 4 1 7 1 5 2 7 5 2 2 2
Austria 32 4 1 3 3 6 12 3
Portugal 60 1 1 2 2 5 8 2 4 2 1 12 12 3 5
France 121 7 4 12 3 8 7 12 8 10 6 4 1 4 3 8 10 8 6
Sweden 89 8 8 7 10 7 10 4 5 6 7 7 10
Ireland 187 12 1 5 12 6 6 2 3 8 6 10 12 7 12 3 8 12 10 6 10 7 5 12 12
Luxembourg 11 1 10
Slovenia 9 4 3 1 1
Finland 20 3 8 5 2 2
Bosnia and Herzegovina 27 3 12 1 4 3 4
United Kingdom 164 1 8 6 5 8 12 12 12 7 6 10 8 8 10 5 3 4 10 5 4 12 8
Netherlands 92 6 6 7 7 6 3 5 12 7 10 3 7 10 3
Croatia 31 3 4 5 8 1 6 4
Spain 58 5 6 5 2 2 10 6 7 5 1 1 8
Cyprus 17 2 10 5
Israel 4 3 1
Norway 120 10 10 10 12 6 10 8 5 1 3 12 7 6 12 8

12 points

The below table summarises how the maximum 12 points were awarded from one country to another. The winning country is shown in bold. Ireland received the maximum score of 12 points from seven of the voting countries, with the United Kingdom receiving four sets of 12 points, Norway and Switzerland receiving three sets of maximum scores each, France and Portugal two sets each, and Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece and the Netherlands each receiving one maximum score.[51][52]

Distribution of 12 points awarded at the Eurovision Song Contest 1993[51][52]
N. Contestant Nation(s) giving 12 points
7   Ireland   Italy,   Malta,   Norway,   Slovenia,   Sweden,    Switzerland,   United Kingdom
4   United Kingdom   Austria,   Belgium,   Iceland,   Israel
3   Norway   Croatia,   Finland,   Greece
   Switzerland   France,   Germany,   Luxembourg
2   France   Denmark,   Portugal
  Portugal   Netherlands,   Spain
1   Austria   Bosnia and Herzegovina
  Bosnia and Herzegovina   Turkey
  Greece   Cyprus
  Netherlands   Ireland

Broadcasts

Each participating broadcaster was required to relay the contest via its networks. Non-participating EBU member broadcasters were also able to relay the contest as "passive participants". Broadcasters were able to send commentators to provide coverage of the contest in their own native language and to relay information about the artists and songs to their television viewers.[27] Known details on the broadcasts in each country, including the specific broadcasting stations and commentators are shown in the tables below.

Broadcasters and commentators in participating countries
Country Broadcaster Channel(s) Commentator(s) Ref.
  Austria ORF ORF 1 Ernst Grissemann [53][54]
  Belgium BRTN TV1 André Vermeulen [55]
RTBF RTBF1, Télé 21 [56]
  Croatia HRT HTV 1 Aleksandar Kostadinov [57]
  Cyprus CyBC RIK 1 Evi Papamichail [58]
  Denmark DR DR TV Jørgen de Mylius [59]
DR P3 Jens Michael Nielsen
KNR KNR [60]
SVF [61]
  Finland YLE TV1 Erkki Pohjanheimo and Kirsi-Maria Niemi [62]
Radiomafia Sanna Kojo and Outi Popp [fi]
Riksradion Johan Finne, Paul Olin [sv] and Wille Wilenius [fi]
  France France Télévision France 2 Patrice Laffont [63]
  Germany ARD Erstes Deutsches Fernsehen Jan Hofer [64]
BR Bayern 1 [65]
  Greece ERT ET1 [66]
  Iceland RÚV Sjónvarpið Jakob Frímann Magnússon [67]
  Ireland RTÉ RTÉ 1 Pat Kenny [68][69]
RTÉ Radio 1 Larry Gogan [70]
  Israel IBA Israeli Television [71]
  Italy RAI RAI Uno[d] Ettore Andenna [72]
  Luxembourg CLT RTL Hei Elei Romain Goerend [lb] [73]
  Malta PBS TVM [74]
  Netherlands NOS Nederland 3 Willem van Beusekom [56][75]
  Norway NRK NRK Fjernsynet, NRK P2 Leif Erik Forberg [76][77]
  Portugal RTP RTP Canal 1, RTP Internacional[e] [63][78]
  Slovenia RTVSLO SLO 1 [sl] Tajda Lekše [sl] [79]
Val 202 [80]
  Spain TVE La Primera, TVE Internacional José Luis Uribarri [81][82]
  Sweden SVT TV2 Jan Jingryd [sv] [49][76]
SR SR P3 Claes-Johan Larsson and Susan Seidemar [49]
   Switzerland SRG SSR SF DRS Bernard Thurnheer [de] [53]
TSR Chaîne nationale Jean-Marc Richard [63]
TSI Canale nazionale Emanuela Gaggini [83]
  Turkey TRT TRT 1 Bülend Özveren [50]
  United Kingdom BBC BBC1, BBC WSTV Terry Wogan [76][84]
BBC Radio 2 Ken Bruce [85]
BFBS SSVC Television[f] Terry Wogan [86]
Broadcasters and commentators in non-participating countries
Country Broadcaster Channel(s) Commentator(s) Ref.
  Australia SBS SBS TV[g] [87]
  Estonia ETV [88]
STV STV1
  Hungary MTV MTV1 István Vágó [89]
  Poland TVP TVP1 Artur Orzech and Maria Szabłowska [pl] [90][91]
  Russia RTR RTR[h] [92]
  Slovakia STV STV2 [sk][i] [93]
  Yugoslavia RTS RTS B2[j] [94]

Notes and references

Notes

  1. ^ Yugoslavia's participants had represented the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia between 1961 and 1991 and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1992.[12]
  2. ^ The nominated conductor for Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sinan Alimanović, was unable to safely commute to the flight to Ireland due to the ongoing Bosnian War; the contest's musical director, Noel Kelehan, subsequently led the orchestra during the Bosnian entry.[16]
  3. ^ On behalf of the German public broadcasting consortium ARD[21]
  4. ^ Deferred broadcast at 23:05 (CEST)[72]
  5. ^ Deferred broadcast on RTP Internacional at 21:45 (WEST)[63]
  6. ^ Delayed broadcast in the Falkland Islands on 29 May at 21:00 (FKST)[86]
  7. ^ Deferred broadcast on 16 May at 20:30 (AEST)[87]
  8. ^ Deferred broadcast at 23:30 (MSD) [88][92]
  9. ^ Deferred broadcast on 16 May at 21:35 (CEST)[93]
  10. ^ Delayed broadcast in a shortened format on 28 May 1993 at 23:30 (CEST)[94]

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Bibliography

  • Knox, David Blake (2015). Ireland and the Eurovision: The Winners, the Losers and the Turkey. Stillorgan, Dublin, Ireland: New Island Books. ISBN 978-1-84840-429-8.
  • O'Connor, John Kennedy (2010). The Eurovision Song Contest: The Official History (2nd ed.). London, United Kingdom: Carlton Books. ISBN 978-1-84732-521-1.
  • Roxburgh, Gordon (2020). Songs for Europe: The United Kingdom at the Eurovision Song Contest. Vol. Four: The 1990s. Prestatyn, United Kingdom: Telos Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84583-163-9.
  • Thorsson, Leif; Verhage, Martin (2006). Melodifestivalen genom tiderna : de svenska uttagningarna och internationella finalerna [Melodifestivalen through the ages: the Swedish selections and international finals] (in svenska). Stockholm, Sweden: Premium Publishing. ISBN 91-89136-29-2.

External links

 
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