Eurovision Song Contest 1971

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From English Wikipedia @ Freddythechick

Eurovision Song Contest 1971
File:ESC 1971 logo.png
Dates
Final3 April 1971
Host
VenueGaiety Theatre
Dublin, Ireland
Presenter(s)Bernadette Ní Ghallchóir
Musical directorColman Pearce
Directed byTom McGrath
Executive supervisorClifford Brown
Host broadcasterRadio Telefís Éireann (RTÉ)
Participants
Number of entries18
Debuting countries Malta
Returning countries
Non-returning countriesNone
  • <imagemap> File:ESC_1971_Map_2.svg|299px|alt=A coloured map of the countries of Europe poly 244 323 245 319 252 316 261 316 269 318 267 322 270 325 272 330 266 333 266 338 261 338 261 331 257 334 258 329 252 324 247 323 Belgium in the Eurovision Song Contest 1971 poly 200 407 206 379 208 372 203 367 199 355 187 348 184 339 196 339 198 343 209 345 209 332 218 337 225 334 235 330 237 321 244 319 252 328 256 331 266 338 275 341 288 346 284 356 281 365 269 377 274 379 277 386 275 393 276 404 270 404 270 416 296 423 298 427 296 436 294 438 291 433 291 427 296 424 270 415 262 415 256 411 248 410 240 415 240 424 233 424 234 414 221 414 221 416 216 417 203 412 France in the Eurovision Song Contest 1971 poly 289 469 287 465 288 456 288 451 286 447 292 443 295 442 297 443 312 426 310 422 308 420 303 407 296 403 292 401 284 407 283 408 283 404 276 404 276 402 276 398 272 395 275 395 278 390 276 385 282 384 289 378 294 385 294 379 300 380 305 373 308 374 315 371 318 371 322 375 331 376 331 382 330 384 324 389 320 389 320 393 323 397 321 399 322 402 317 402 318 414 329 414 329 409 333 412 336 419 339 426 344 432 354 432 358 432 356 435 368 440 375 444 381 448 380 453 374 449 369 447 367 449 362 456 368 461 368 466 364 472 358 477 355 478 353 486 353 491 351 491 351 494 346 494 343 488 332 484 327 483 327 480 333 478 343 479 353 476 358 473 361 468 358 458 355 456 351 449 340 446 338 439 331 437 332 426 319 426 319 429 312 426 298 442 298 446 301 448 299 454 299 467 293 465 Italy in the Eurovision Song Contest 1971 poly 266 318 261 315 253 315 260 307 263 299 267 294 278 291 281 295 281 300 278 302 278 305 277 311 270 311 272 316 272 320 272 325 268 325 268 320 262 315 Netherlands in the Eurovision Song Contest 1971 poly 276 385 274 377 272 377 267 380 268 375 272 371 276 366 277 363 285 363 289 361 293 361 293 363 292 363 292 374 304 374 304 372 306 372 303 377 298 379 294 379 294 384 290 381 287 378 284 381 Switzerland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1971 poly 281 364 281 358 283 352 286 347 278 344 275 343 275 338 273 333 274 329 272 320 272 317 272 313 275 312 280 307 280 302 282 295 282 290 288 290 289 293 291 287 296 287 295 280 292 275 301 277 303 280 310 281 307 287 308 294 308 297 311 298 311 300 308 303 312 309 307 318 304 318 303 322 303 328 302 331 307 333 313 331 316 331 320 333 321 337 326 344 333 351 325 355 325 361 315 362 311 363 306 361 Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest 1971 poly 225 234 219 246 213 252 221 255 225 273 229 280 233 288 229 294 238 294 241 296 241 304 230 311 236 314 225 320 209 318 199 316 197 320 193 318 182 321 192 311 197 310 203 310 208 305 202 308 189 301 199 295 196 284 207 285 212 277 208 267 200 265 188 272 176 266 181 258 189 258 192 268 199 265 199 260 200 251 197 241 201 232 193 223 196 220 206 221 216 220 229 201 226 217 218 223 211 231 United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 1971 rect 270 404 283 416 Monaco in the Eurovision Song Contest 1971 poly 269 341 267 334 271 332 275 336 274 342 Luxembourg in the Eurovision Song Contest 1971 poly 69 539 0 539 0 503 69 502 131 469 137 458 135 455 139 448 137 441 143 441 147 425 153 420 150 415 141 415 134 410 136 401 132 397 142 392 155 398 173 403 187 405 198 409 210 417 220 417 220 426 233 426 233 424 239 424 239 429 248 454 226 465 206 465 195 476 190 476 184 484 160 482 152 484 148 488 144 482 141 474 138 471 133 469 69 502 69 538 Spain in the Eurovision Song Contest 1971 poly 387 425 375 419 364 413 354 407 348 401 345 396 344 392 340 390 336 394 334 396 332 390 332 381 331 377 339 376 350 371 352 370 361 380 368 383 372 379 382 376 390 377 396 384 398 388 402 391 409 389 410 394 410 399 417 406 411 412 414 417 421 424 418 429 414 432 410 436 401 436 399 431 397 422 389 418 387 425 Yugoslavia in the Eurovision Song Contest 1971 poly 179 292 174 292 164 295 156 295 156 292 151 292 151 289 155 286 160 282 164 275 158 271 163 262 170 265 171 260 175 254 178 255 179 261 175 265 176 268 180 268 181 268 186 273 184 281 184 288 Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1971 poly 293 275 291 268 290 266 292 264 289 257 291 248 296 248 300 242 304 242 303 253 306 257 317 261 318 266 318 272 311 277 Denmark in the Eurovision Song Contest poly 36 0 31 10 22 21 17 28 14 36 10 41 7 47 4 56 6 59 2 63 3 67 9 70 8 74 9 81 5 83 8 88 11 88 14 93 18 92 18 90 22 90 25 86 30 84 34 82 38 79 40 77 41 73 45 75 50 73 54 73 56 72 60 69 61 65 64 66 67 60 71 61 76 59 80 61 85 61 87 64 91 65 93 66 104 65 114 62 119 59 125 59 130 62 143 64 152 65 163 62 174 61 176 57 171 56 168 53 165 48 162 47 160 43 156 42 160 40 166 42 170 41 171 43 169 48 170 52 173 55 177 57 179 56 180 53 182 48 185 43 183 43 185 38 189 37 190 30 186 24 184 23 184 19 189 19 190 24 194 26 201 26 204 21 200 16 203 15 206 20 211 18 211 12 208 11 210 8 213 10 218 0 Denmark in the Eurovision Song Contest poly 331 376 321 374 321 371 313 371 307 375 304 375 305 363 314 363 322 362 328 364 324 358 330 352 333 350 338 350 342 346 351 347 356 349 358 352 362 356 355 362 355 370 350 374 336 377 327 374 Austria in the Eurovision Song Contest 1971 poly 369 198 368 189 365 175 367 170 370 165 376 146 380 142 378 136 372 134 368 128 368 122 363 110 360 107 347 102 347 99 350 96 357 100 364 101 370 98 370 90 370 86 375 80 384 85 382 98 384 101 389 103 392 106 391 113 400 125 401 138 405 142 410 146 408 152 413 155 420 157 419 166 415 177 408 191 400 193 392 199 384 204 373 198 Finland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1971 poly 278 231 274 227 274 219 271 201 273 189 283 180 297 172 304 162 314 150 316 132 325 118 320 113 324 105 336 94 348 84 362 71 372 69 321 11 311 0 322 0 322 11 371 69 381 71 385 72 383 77 385 82 385 86 374 81 371 85 371 94 370 101 363 101 357 101 351 95 349 100 347 106 340 107 339 112 335 113 333 120 331 128 328 135 325 135 325 142 321 155 325 158 322 164 315 164 313 167 313 179 315 183 313 193 318 194 315 201 318 206 315 213 312 218 313 225 308 222 306 214 303 216 303 221 302 226 296 229 291 234 285 235 282 235 Norway in the Eurovision Song Contest 1971 poly 119 467 123 451 117 448 128 427 133 410 140 414 149 415 154 420 147 426 144 440 139 441 140 447 136 454 137 459 132 465 132 468 128 471 Portugal in the Eurovision Song Contest 1971 poly 317 250 313 239 314 235 311 233 309 227 311 223 313 215 318 209 316 199 318 196 314 192 314 183 313 172 313 165 317 162 324 162 324 160 320 155 323 145 324 138 330 131 333 119 337 113 342 107 346 107 348 101 357 103 363 110 365 117 367 121 367 127 373 135 364 136 362 143 358 150 361 152 358 159 353 164 348 172 344 182 344 193 344 199 348 203 356 212 353 221 348 224 360 233 360 243 357 243 356 238 358 232 347 225 346 234 346 243 347 246 345 251 343 257 332 258 331 261 330 268 326 268 321 258 321 255 320 248 Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 1971 rect 338 498 350 509 Malta in the Eurovision Song Contest 1971 desc bottom-right </imagemap>      Competing countries     Countries that participated in the past but not in 1971
Vote
Voting systemTwo-member juries (one aged 16 to 25 and the other 25 to 55) rated songs between one and five points.
Winning song Monaco
"Un banc, un arbre, une rue"
1970 ← Eurovision Song Contest → 1972

The Eurovision Song Contest 1971 was the 16th edition of the annual Eurovision Song Contest. It took place in Dublin, Ireland, following the country's victory at the 1970 contest with the song "All Kinds of Everything" by Dana. Organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster Radio Telefís Éireann (RTÉ), the contest was held at the Gaiety Theatre on 3 April 1971, and was hosted by Irish television presenter Bernadette Ní Ghallchóir.

Eighteen countries participated in the contest, equalling the record of the 1965 and 1966 editions. Austria returned after their two-year absence, while Finland, Norway, Portugal and Sweden all returned after having boycotted the competition the previous year. On the other hand, Malta competed for the first time.

The winner was Monaco with the song "Un banc, un arbre, une rue", performed by Séverine, written by Yves Dessca, and composed by Jean-Pierre Bourtayre. This was Monaco's first and only victory in the contest. This was also the only time in the contest's history, where the second and third-placed entrants were also awarded.

Location

Gaiety Theatre, Dublin – host venue of the 1971 contest.

The contest was held at the Gaiety Theatre in Dublin, the capital and most populous city of Ireland.[1][2] This was the first time that the contest was held in Ireland. The Gaiety Theatre was selected as the venue for the 1971 contest as it was celebrating 100 years since its establishment in 1871.

Participating countries

Further information: List of countries in the Eurovision Song Contest
Eurovision Song Contest 1971 – Participation summaries by country

Malta made their début in this year's contest, while Austria, Finland, Norway, Portugal and Sweden all returned after a brief absence. This brought the total number of countries to eighteen.

Participants of the Eurovision Song Contest 1971[3][4][5][6]
Country Broadcaster Artist Song Language Songwriter(s) Conductor
 Austria ORF Marianne Mendt "Musik" German[a]
  • Manuel Rigoni
  • Richard Schönherz
 Robert Opratko
 Belgium BRT Jacques Raymond and Lily Castel "Goeie morgen, morgen" Dutch
  • Paul Quintens
  • Phil Van Cauwenbergh
 Francis Bay
 Finland YLE Markku Aro and Koivisto Sisters "Tie uuteen päivään" Finnish Rauno Lehtinen Ossi Runne
 France ORTF Serge Lama "Un jardin sur la terre" French
Franck Pourcel
 Germany HR[b] Katja Ebstein "Diese Welt" German
  • Fred Jay
  • Dieter Zimmermann
 Dieter Zimmermann
 Ireland RTÉ Angela Farrell "One Day Love" English
  • Ita Flynn
  • Donald Martin
 Noel Kelehan
 Italy RAI Massimo Ranieri "L'amore è un attimo" Italian
Enrico Polito
 Luxembourg CLT Monique Melsen "Pomme, pomme, pomme" French
Jean Claudric
 Malta MBA Joe Grech "Marija l-Maltija" Maltese
Anthony Chircop
 Monaco TMC Séverine "Un banc, un arbre, une rue" French
  • Jean-Pierre Bourtayre
  • Yves Dessca
 Jean-Claude Petit
 Netherlands NOS Saskia and Serge "Tijd" Dutch
Dolf van der Linden
 Norway NRK Hanne Krogh "Lykken er..." Norwegian Arne Bendiksen Arne Bendiksen
 Portugal RTP Tonicha "Menina do alto da serra" Portuguese
Jorge Costa Pinto
 Spain TVE Karina "En un mundo nuevo" Spanish
  • Tony Luz
  • Rafael Trabucchelli
 Waldo de los Ríos
 Sweden SR The Family Four "Vita vidder" Swedish Håkan Elmquist Claes Rosendahl
  Switzerland SRG SSR Peter, Sue and Marc "Les Illusions de nos vingt ans" French
  • Peter Reber
  • Maurice Tézé
 Hardy Schneiders
 United Kingdom BBC Clodagh Rodgers "Jack in the Box" English
Johnny Arthey
 Yugoslavia JRT Krunoslav Slabinac "Tvoj dječak je tužan" (Твој дјечак је тужан) Serbo-Croatian
  • Zvonimir Golob
  • Ivica Krajač
 Miljenko Prohaska

Returning artists

Artist Country Previous year(s)
Jacques Raymond  Belgium 1963
Katja Ebstein  Germany 1970

Format

For the first time, each participating broadcaster was required to televise all the songs in "previews" prior to the live final. Belgium's preview video featured Nicole and Hugo performing the song "Goeie morgen, morgen", but Nicole was struck with a sudden illness days before the contest final, with Jacques Raymond and Lily Castel stepping in at short notice to perform the entry in their place. Reports suggested that Castel had not even had enough time to buy a suitable dress for the show.

The BBC were worried about the possible audience reaction to the UK song due to the hostilities raging in Northern Ireland. They specifically selected a singer from Northern Ireland, Clodagh Rodgers, who was popular in both the UK and the Republic of Ireland, to ease any ill-feeling from the Dublin audience. However, Rodgers still received death threats from the IRA for representing the UK.[8]

Groups of up to six people were allowed to perform for the first time, with the rule in previous contests of performing either solo or as a duet abolished.[9]

This was only RTÉ's second outside broadcast in colour. The contest was broadcast in Iceland, the United States and Hong Kong several days later.[10]

In between each song, a film depicting the tourist highlights of each nation using stock footage provided by the participant tourism bureaus was seen, accompanied by a piece of organ music chosen to complement the country.

This is the only time in the contest's history where the second and third placing entrants were also awarded.

Contest overview

Results of the Eurovision Song Contest 1971[11]
R/O Country Artist Song Points Place
1  Austria Marianne Mendt "Musik" 66 16
2  Malta Joe Grech "Marija l-Maltija" 52 18
3  Monaco Séverine "Un banc, un arbre, une rue" 128 1
4   Switzerland Peter, Sue and Marc "Les Illusions de nos vingt ans" 78 12
5  Germany Katja Ebstein "Diese Welt" 100 3
6  Spain Karina "En un mundo nuevo" 116 2
7  France Serge Lama "Un jardin sur la terre" 82 10
8  Luxembourg Monique Melsen "Pomme, pomme, pomme" 70 13
9  United Kingdom Clodagh Rodgers "Jack in the Box" 98 4
10  Belgium Jacques Raymond and Lily Castel "Goeiemorgen, morgen" 68 14
11  Italy Massimo Ranieri "L'amore è un attimo" 91 5
12  Sweden The Family Four "Vita vidder" 85 6
13  Ireland Angela Farrell "One Day Love" 79 11
14  Netherlands Saskia and Serge "Tijd" 85 6
15  Portugal Tonicha "Menina do alto da serra" 83 9
16  Yugoslavia Krunoslav Slabinac "Tvoj dječak je tužan" 68 14
17  Finland Markku Aro and Koivisto Sisters "Tie uuteen päivään" 84 8
18  Norway Hanne Krogh "Lykken er..." 65 17

Detailed voting results

The Netherlands' Saskia and Serge finished 6th with their entry "Tijd".

A new voting system was introduced in this year's contest: each country sent two jury members, one aged over 25 and the other under 25 (with at least ten years' difference between their ages), with both awarding each country (except their own) a score of between one and five points.

While this meant that no country could score fewer than 34 points (and in the event all eighteen scored at least 52), it had one major problem: some jury members tended to award only one or two points. Whether this was done to increase their respective countries' chances of winning is not known for sure, but this shortcoming was nonetheless plain.[9] However, the system remained in place for the 1972 and 1973 contests.

Detailed voting results[12][13]
Total score
Austria
Malta
Monaco
Switzerland
Germany
Spain
France
Luxembourg
United Kingdom
Belgium
Italy
Sweden
Ireland
Netherlands
Portugal
Yugoslavia
Finland
Norway
Contestants
 Austria 66 3 5 2 7 2 3 2 3 3 6 4 6 3 5 4 3 5
Malta 52 4 2 2 3 5 3 2 3 4 4 2 4 5 2 2 3 2
Monaco 128 4 5 10 10 2 8 4 8 10 4 10 9 9 8 10 7 10
Switzerland 78 5 5 4 6 2 6 2 6 3 7 4 5 5 6 4 4 4
Germany 100 6 5 7 6 8 8 2 6 7 6 6 5 5 7 7 5 4
Spain 116 4 8 10 5 7 10 4 7 4 5 6 9 6 7 7 9 8
France 82 3 2 8 8 5 5 2 5 3 4 4 6 9 5 5 3 5
Luxembourg 70 2 7 6 3 2 4 5 6 3 3 2 5 3 6 4 5 4
United Kingdom 98 4 8 8 6 5 2 8 4 8 3 5 7 5 7 6 6 6
Belgium 68 3 2 5 4 2 2 5 2 6 3 5 4 6 6 3 6 4
Italy 91 4 6 9 8 6 6 9 2 6 2 7 6 2 3 8 2 5
Sweden 85 7 4 4 9 4 2 5 2 5 6 6 3 9 3 6 4 6
Ireland 79 7 6 6 3 4 5 7 2 6 3 6 2 5 4 5 4 4
Netherlands 85 6 2 6 5 4 5 7 2 5 2 2 6 5 9 5 6 8
Portugal 83 4 3 6 2 5 10 8 5 6 4 4 2 3 5 6 5 5
Yugoslavia 68 6 2 4 2 7 6 6 2 3 2 5 2 5 4 4 3 5
Finland 84 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 2 10 10 2 4 6 3 8 6 6
Norway 65 3 3 6 4 2 2 5 2 7 6 2 2 7 2 5 4 3

10 points

Below is a summary of all perfect 10 scores that were given during the voting.

N. Contestant Nation(s) giving 10 points
6  Monaco  Belgium,  Germany,  Norway,  Sweden,   Switzerland,  Yugoslavia
2  Spain  France,  Monaco
 Finland  Belgium,  United Kingdom
1  Portugal  Spain

Broadcasts

Each participating broadcaster was required to relay the contest via its networks. Non-participating EBU member broadcasters were also able to relay the contest as "passive participants". Broadcasters were able to send commentators to provide coverage of the contest in their own native language and to relay information about the artists and songs to their television viewers.[14]

Known details on the broadcasts in each country, including the specific broadcasting stations and commentators are shown in the tables below. In addition to the participating countries, the contest was also reportedly broadcast in Greece, Iceland, Morocco and Tunisia, in Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland and Romania via Intervision, and in Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Ethiopia, Hong Kong, Jamaica, Kenya, Mauritania, Mauritius, Sierra Leone, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Uganda and the United States.[15][16]

Broadcasters and commentators in participating countries
Country Broadcaster Channel(s) Commentator(s) Ref(s)
 Austria ORF FS1 Ernst Grissemann [17][18]
 Belgium BRT BRT Anton Peters [19]
RTB RTB Paule Herreman [20]
 Finland YLE TV-ohjelma 1 [21]
Yleisohjelma [fi], Ruotsinkielinen ohjelma Matti Paalosmaa [fi]
 France ORTF Deuxième Chaîne Georges de Caunes [22][23]
 Germany ARD Deutsches Fernsehen Hanns Verres [de] [20][24]
 Ireland RTÉ RTÉ [25]
RTÉ Radio [26]
 Italy RAI Programma Nazionale, Secondo Programma Renato Tagliani [it] [27][28]
 Luxembourg CLT Télé-Luxembourg [20]
 Malta MBA MTS, National Network Victor Aquilina [29][30]
 Netherlands NOS Nederland 1 Pim Jacobs [31]
 Norway NRK NRK Fjernsynet, NRK Sverre Christophersen [no] [32]
 Portugal RTP I Programa Henrique Mendes [15][33]
ENR Emissora Nacional Programa 1
 Spain TVE TVE 1 Joaquín Prat [16]
RNE Radio Nacional [34][35]
SER Radio Castellón [es] [36]
Radio Girona [ca] [37]
Radio Murcia [es] [38]
Radio Rioja [39]
Radio San Sebastián [40]
Radio Valladolid [es] [41]
 Sweden SR TV1 Åke Strömmer [42][43]
SR P3 Ursula Richter [sv] [43][44]
  Switzerland SRG SSR TV DRS Theodor Haller [de] [45]
TSR Georges Hardy [fr] [46]
TSI [47]
 United Kingdom BBC BBC1 Dave Lee Travis [48]
BBC Radio 1, BBC Radio 2 Terry Wogan [49][50]
BFBS BFBS Radio[c] John Russell [4][51]
 Yugoslavia JRT TV Beograd [52]
TV Ljubljana 1 [sl] [53]
TV Skopje [52]
TV Zagreb [54]
Broadcasters and commentators in non-participating countries
Country Broadcaster Channel(s) Commentator(s) Ref(s)
 Australia Network 7 [16]
 Czechoslovakia ČST ČST1[d] [55]
 Greece EIRT EIRT [56]
 Hungary MTV MTV[e] [57]
 Iceland RÚV Sjónvarpið[f] Björn Matthíasson [58]
 Poland TP Telewizja Polska[g] [59]
 Romania TVR Programul 1[h] [60]
 United States PBS[i] [61][62]

Notes

  1. ^ Specifically Viennese German
  2. ^ On behalf of the German public broadcasting consortium ARD[7]
  3. ^ Delayed broadcast in Cyprus in a shortened format on 17 April 1971 at 23:15 (EEST)[51]
  4. ^ Delayed broadcast on 11 April 1971 at 22:55 (CET)[55]
  5. ^ Delayed broadcast on 21 April 1971 at 11:00 (CET)[57]
  6. ^ Delayed broadcast on 18 April 1971 at 21:25 (WET)[58]
  7. ^ Delayed broadcast on 24 April 1971 at 22:15 (CEST)[59]
  8. ^ Deferred broadcast in a shortened format on the following day at 22:20 (EET)[60]
  9. ^ Delayed broadcast on 18 April 1971 at 22:00 EST (03:00 UTC)[61]

References

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  2. ^ "Primate City Definition and Examples". Retrieved 21 October 2009.
  3. ^ "Participants of Dublin 1971". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 23 May 2023. Retrieved 6 July 2023.
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  14. ^ "The Rules of the Contest". European Broadcasting Union. 31 October 2018. Archived from the original on 4 October 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
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  16. ^ 16.0 16.1 16.2 "programas: TVE" [programmes: TVE]. Mediterráneo [es] (in español). Castellón de la Plana, Spain. 3 April 1971. p. 11. Retrieved 10 July 2024 – via Biblioteca Virtual de Prensa Histórica [es].
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  32. ^ "Radio TV". Østlands-Posten (in norsk). Larvik, Norway. 3 April 1971. p. 2. Retrieved 5 January 2023 – via National Library of Norway.
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  34. ^ "Programas de Radio y TV" [Programs of Radio and TV]. La Vanguardia (in español). Barcelona, Spain. 3 April 1971. p. 45. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
  35. ^ "Programas de las emisoras locales" [Local radio programs]. Aragón expres (in español). Aragon, Spain. 3 April 1971. p. 14. Retrieved 10 July 2024 – via Biblioteca Virtual de Prensa Histórica [es].
  36. ^ "Programa de las emisoras castellonenses" [Castellón radio station programme]. Mediterráneo [es] (in español). Castellón de la Plana, Spain. 3 April 1971. p. 4. Retrieved 10 July 2024 – via Biblioteca Virtual de Prensa Histórica [es].
  37. ^ "Programas de Televisión y Radio" [Television and Radio Programmes]. Los Sitios [ca] (in español). Girona, Spain. 3 April 1971. p. 3. Retrieved 23 August 2024 – via Gerona City Hall [es].
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  39. ^ "Radio TV – Radio Rioja". Nueva Rioja [es] (in español). Logroño, Spain. 3 April 1971. p. 18. Retrieved 10 July 2024 – via Biblioteca Virtual de Prensa Histórica [es].
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Bibliography

  • The Eurovision Song Contest: The Official History, John Kennedy O'Connor, Carlton Books Ltd, ISBN 1-84442-994-6

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Eurovision Song Contest 1971.

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