Template:Infobox cerium

	child table, as reused in {IB-Ce} v; e; h;
Main isotopes of cerium

Cerium, ₅₈Ce
Cerium
Pronunciation	/ˈsɪəriəm/ (SEER-ee-əm)
Appearance	silvery white
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Ce)
	140.116±0.001; 140.12±0.01 (abridged);
Cerium in the periodic table
	lanthanum ← cerium → praseodymium
Atomic number (Z)	58
Group	f-block groups (no number)
Period	period 6
Block	f-block
Electron configuration	[Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 19, 9, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	1068 K (795 °C, 1463 °F)
Boiling point	3716 K (3443 °C, 6229 °F)
Density (at 20° C)	β-Ce: 6.689 g/cm3; γ-Ce: 6.769 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	6.55 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	5.46 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	398 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	26.94 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	+1, +2, +3, +4 (a mildly basic oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.12
Ionization energies	1st: 534.4 kJ/mol ; 2nd: 1050 kJ/mol ; 3rd: 1949 kJ/mol ; (more) ;
Atomic radius	empirical: 181.8 pm
Covalent radius	204±9 pm
	Spectral lines of cerium
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	β-Ce: double hexagonal close-packed (dhcp) (hP4)
Lattice constants	a = 0.36811 nm; c = 1.1857 nm (at 20 °C)
Crystal structure	γ-Ce: face-centered cubic (fcc) (cF4)
Lattice constant	a = 0.51612 nm (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	β-Ce: 6.1×10−6/K; γ-Ce: 6.1×10−6/K (at 20 °C)
Thermal conductivity	11.3 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	β-Ce, poly: 828 nΩ⋅m (at r.t.)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Molar magnetic susceptibility	β-Ce: +2450.0×10−6 cm3/mol (293 K)
Young's modulus	γ-Ce: 33.6 GPa
Shear modulus	γ-Ce: 13.5 GPa
Bulk modulus	γ-Ce: 21.5 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod	2100 m/s (at 20 °C)
Poisson ratio	γ-Ce: 0.24
Mohs hardness	2.5
Vickers hardness	210–470 MPa
Brinell hardness	186–412 MPa
CAS Number	7440-45-1
History
Naming	after dwarf planet Ceres, itself named after Roman deity of agriculture Ceres
Discovery	Martin Heinrich Klaproth, Jöns Jakob Berzelius, Wilhelm Hisinger (1803)
First isolation	Carl Gustaf Mosander (1838)
Isotopes of cerium v; e;
	Category: Cerium; view; talk; edit; \| references

Ce · Cerium
La ← ibox La	^iso ₅₈Ce [e] IB-Ce [e] IBisos [e]	→ Pr ibox Pr
cat:Ce (6) cat:Ce-isotopes (42) Commons Wikidata:Q1385 Wiktionary
indexes by PT (page) v e

Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers	view edit
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)	view edit
Top image (caption, alt)	view edit
Pronunciation	view edit
Allotropes (overview)	view edit
Group (overview)	view edit
Period (overview)	view edit
Block (overview)	view edit
Natural occurrence	view edit
Phase at STP	view edit
Oxidation states	view edit
Spectral lines image	view edit
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)	view edit
Isotopes
Standard atomic weight	view edit
most stable isotope	view edit
Wikidata
Wikidata *	view edit
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2023-01-01) See also {{Index of data sets}} · Cat:data sets (12) · (this table: v )

References

^ "Standard Atomic Weights: Cerium". CIAAW. 1995.
^ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
^ Ground levels and ionization energies for the neutral atoms, NIST
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 ^4.3 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.
^ Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
^ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
^ ^7.0 ^7.1 Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

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[1] "Standard Atomic Weights: Cerium". CIAAW. 1995.

[CIAAW2021-2] Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

[3] Ground levels and ionization energies for the neutral atoms, NIST

[Arblaster_2018-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 ^4.3 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.

[magnet-5] Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.

[6] Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

[NUBASE2020-7] 7.0 ^7.1 Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

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