Template:Infobox cobalt

	child table, as reused in {IB-Co} v; e; h;
Main isotopes of cobalt

Cobalt, ₂₇Co
Cobalt
Pronunciation	/ˈkoʊbɒlt/ <phonos file="En-us-cobalt.ogg"></phonos>
Appearance	Hard lustrous bluish gray metal
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Co)
	58.933194±0.000003; 58.933±0.001 (abridged);
Cobalt in the periodic table
	iron ← cobalt → nickel
Atomic number (Z)	27
Group	group 9
Period	period 4
Block	d-block
Electron configuration	[Ar] 3d7 4s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 15, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	1768 K (1495 °C, 2723 °F)
Boiling point	3200 K (2927 °C, 5301 °F)
Density (at 20° C)	8.834 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	7.75 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	16.06 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	377 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	24.81 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	−3, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5 (an amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.88
Ionization energies	1st: 760.4 kJ/mol ; 2nd: 1648 kJ/mol ; 3rd: 3232 kJ/mol ; (more) ;
Atomic radius	empirical: 125 pm
Covalent radius	Low spin: 126±3 pm; High spin: 150±7 pm
	Spectral lines of cobalt
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	hexagonal close-packed (hcp) (hP2)
Lattice constants	a = 250.71 pm; c = 407.00 pm (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	12.9×10−6/K (at 20 °C)
Thermal conductivity	100 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	62.4 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	Ferromagnetic
Young's modulus	209 GPa
Shear modulus	75 GPa
Bulk modulus	180 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod	4720 m/s (at 20 °C)
Poisson ratio	0.31
Mohs hardness	5.0
Vickers hardness	1043 MPa
Brinell hardness	470–3000 MPa
CAS Number	7440-48-4
History
Discovery and first isolation	Georg Brandt (1735)
Isotopes of cobalt v; e;
	Category: Cobalt; view; talk; edit; \| references

Co · Cobalt
Fe ← ibox Fe	^iso ₂₇Co [e] IB-Co [e] IBisos [e]	→ Ni ibox Ni
cat:Co (15) cat:Co-isotopes (42) Commons Wikidata:Q740 Wiktionary
indexes by PT (page) v e

Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers	view edit
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)	view edit
Top image (caption, alt)	view edit
Pronunciation	view edit
Allotropes (overview)	view edit
Group (overview)	view edit
Period (overview)	view edit
Block (overview)	view edit
Natural occurrence	view edit
Phase at STP	view edit
Oxidation states	view edit
Spectral lines image	view edit
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)	view edit
Isotopes
Standard atomic weight	view edit
most stable isotope	view edit
Wikidata
Wikidata *	view edit
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2023-01-01) See also {{Index of data sets}} · Cat:data sets (12) · (this table: v )

Notes

^ The thermal expansion of cobalt is anisotropic: the coefficients for each crystal axis are (at 20 °C): α_a = 10.9×10⁻⁶/K, α_c = 17.9×10⁻⁶/K, and α_average = α_V/3 = 12.9×10⁻⁶/K.

References

^ "cobalt". Oxford English Dictionary (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. 1989.
^ "Standard Atomic Weights: Cobalt". CIAAW. 2017.
^ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.
^ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. pp. 1117–1119. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
^ ^6.0 ^6.1 Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

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[6] The thermal expansion of cobalt is anisotropic: the coefficients for each crystal axis are (at 20 °C): α_a = 10.9×10⁻⁶/K, α_c = 17.9×10⁻⁶/K, and α_average = α_V/3 = 12.9×10⁻⁶/K.

[1] "cobalt". Oxford English Dictionary (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. 1989.

[2] "Standard Atomic Weights: Cobalt". CIAAW. 2017.

[CIAAW2021-3] Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

[Arblaster_2018-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.

[greenwood-5] Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. pp. 1117–1119. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.

[NUBASE2020-7] 6.0 ^6.1 Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

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