Template:Infobox nickel

	child table, as reused in {IB-Ni} v; e; h;
Main isotopes of nickel

Nickel, ₂₈Ni
Nickel
Appearance	Lustrous, metallic, and silver with a gold tinge
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Ni)
	58.6934±0.0004; 58.693±0.001 (abridged);
Nickel in the periodic table
	cobalt ← nickel → copper
Atomic number (Z)	28
Group	group 10
Period	period 4
Block	d-block
Electron configuration	[Ar] 3d8 4s2 or [Ar] 3d9 4s1
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 16, 2 or 2, 8, 17, 1
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	1728 K (1455 °C, 2651 °F)
Boiling point	3003 K (2730 °C, 4946 °F)
Density (at 20° C)	8.907 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	7.81 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	17.48 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	379 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	26.07 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	−2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4 (a mildly basic oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.91
Ionization energies	1st: 737.1 kJ/mol ; 2nd: 1753.0 kJ/mol ; 3rd: 3395 kJ/mol ; (more) ;
Atomic radius	empirical: 124 pm
Covalent radius	124±4 pm
Van der Waals radius	163 pm
	Spectral lines of nickel
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	face-centered cubic (fcc) (cF4)
Lattice constant	a = 352.41 pm (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	12.83×10−6/K (at 20 °C)
Thermal conductivity	90.9 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	69.3 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	ferromagnetic
Young's modulus	200 GPa
Shear modulus	76 GPa
Bulk modulus	180 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod	4900 m/s (at r.t.)
Poisson ratio	0.31
Mohs hardness	4.0
Vickers hardness	638 MPa
Brinell hardness	667–1600 MPa
CAS Number	7440-02-0
History
Discovery and first isolation	Axel Fredrik Cronstedt (1751)
Isotopes of nickel v; e;
	Category: Nickel; view; talk; edit; \| references

Ni · Nickel
Co ← ibox Co	^iso ₂₈Ni [e] IB-Ni [e] IBisos [e]	→ Cu ibox Cu
cat:Ni (15) cat:Ni-isotopes (42) Commons Wikidata:Q744 Wiktionary
indexes by PT (page) v e

Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers	view edit
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)	view edit
Top image (caption, alt)	view edit
Pronunciation	view edit
Allotropes (overview)	view edit
Group (overview)	view edit
Period (overview)	view edit
Block (overview)	view edit
Natural occurrence	view edit
Phase at STP	view edit
Oxidation states	view edit
Spectral lines image	view edit
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)	view edit
Isotopes
Standard atomic weight	view edit
most stable isotope	view edit
Wikidata
Wikidata *	view edit
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2023-01-01) See also {{Index of data sets}} · Cat:data sets (12) · (this table: v )

References

^ "Standard Atomic Weights: Nickel". CIAAW. 2007.
^ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.
^ Pfirrmann, Stefan; Limberg, Christian; Herwig, Christian; Stößer, Reinhard; Ziemer, Burkhard (2009). "A Dinuclear Nickel(I) Dinitrogen Complex and its Reduction in Single-Electron Steps". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 48 (18): 3357–61. doi:10.1002/anie.200805862. PMID 19322853.
^ Carnes, Matthew; Buccella, Daniela; Chen, Judy Y.-C.; Ramirez, Arthur P.; Turro, Nicholas J.; Nuckolls, Colin; Steigerwald, Michael (2009). "A Stable Tetraalkyl Complex of Nickel(IV)". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 48 (2): 290–4. doi:10.1002/anie.200804435. PMID 19021174.
^ ^6.0 ^6.1 Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

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[1] "Standard Atomic Weights: Nickel". CIAAW. 2007.

[CIAAW2021-2] Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

[Arblaster_2018-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.

[4] Pfirrmann, Stefan; Limberg, Christian; Herwig, Christian; Stößer, Reinhard; Ziemer, Burkhard (2009). "A Dinuclear Nickel(I) Dinitrogen Complex and its Reduction in Single-Electron Steps". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 48 (18): 3357–61. doi:10.1002/anie.200805862. PMID 19322853.

[5] Carnes, Matthew; Buccella, Daniela; Chen, Judy Y.-C.; Ramirez, Arthur P.; Turro, Nicholas J.; Nuckolls, Colin; Steigerwald, Michael (2009). "A Stable Tetraalkyl Complex of Nickel(IV)". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 48 (2): 290–4. doi:10.1002/anie.200804435. PMID 19021174.

[NUBASE2020-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

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