Template:Infobox rhodium

	child table, as reused in {IB-Rh} v; e; h;
Main isotopes of rhodium
IT	101Rh
β−	102Pd
IT	102Rh

Rhodium, ₄₅Rh
Rhodium
Pronunciation	/ˈroʊdiəm/ (ROH-dee-əm)
Appearance	Silvery white metallic
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Rh)
	102.90549±0.00002; 102.91±0.01 (abridged);
Rhodium in the periodic table
	ruthenium ← rhodium → palladium
Atomic number (Z)	45
Group	group 9
Period	period 5
Block	d-block
Electron configuration	[Kr] 4d8 5s1
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 16, 1
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	2237 K (1964 °C, 3567 °F)
Boiling point	3968 K (3695 °C, 6683 °F)
Density (at 20° C)	12.423 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	10.7 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	26.59 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	493 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	24.98 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	−3, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7 (an amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 2.28
Ionization energies	1st: 719.7 kJ/mol ; 2nd: 1740 kJ/mol ; 3rd: 2997 kJ/mol ; ;
Atomic radius	empirical: 134 pm
Covalent radius	142±7 pm
	Spectral lines of rhodium
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	face-centered cubic (fcc) (cF4)
Lattice constant	a = 380.34 pm (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	8.46×10−6/K (at 20 °C)
Thermal conductivity	150 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	43.3 nΩ⋅m (at 0 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Molar magnetic susceptibility	+111.0×10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)
Young's modulus	380 GPa
Shear modulus	150 GPa
Bulk modulus	275 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod	4700 m/s (at 20 °C)
Poisson ratio	0.26
Mohs hardness	6.0
Vickers hardness	1100–8000 MPa
Brinell hardness	980–1350 MPa
CAS Number	7440-16-6
History
Discovery and first isolation	William Hyde Wollaston (1804)
Isotopes of rhodium v; e;
IT	101Rh
β−	102Pd
IT	102Rh
	Category: Rhodium; view; talk; edit; \| references

Rh · Rhodium
Ru ← ibox Ru	^iso ₄₅Rh [e] IB-Rh [e] IBisos [e]	→ Pd ibox Pd
cat:Rh (7) cat:Rh-isotopes (41) Commons Wikidata:Q1087 Wiktionary
indexes by PT (page) v e

Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers	view edit
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)	view edit
Top image (caption, alt)	view edit
Pronunciation	view edit
Allotropes (overview)	view edit
Group (overview)	view edit
Period (overview)	view edit
Block (overview)	view edit
Natural occurrence	view edit
Phase at STP	view edit
Oxidation states	view edit
Spectral lines image	view edit
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)	view edit
Isotopes
Standard atomic weight	view edit
most stable isotope	view edit
Wikidata
Wikidata *	view edit
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2023-01-01) See also {{Index of data sets}} · Cat:data sets (12) · (this table: v )

References

^ "Standard Atomic Weights: Rhodium". CIAAW. 2017.
^ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.
^ Ellis J E. Highly Reduced Metal Carbonyl Anions: Synthesis, Characterization, and Chemical Properties. Adv. Organomet. Chem, 1990, 31: 1-51.
^ Rh(VII) is known in the RhO₃⁺ cation, see Da Silva Santos, Mayara; Stüker, Tony; Flach, Max; Ablyasova, Olesya S.; Timm, Martin; von Issendorff, Bernd; Hirsch, Konstantin; Zamudio‐Bayer, Vicente; Riedel, Sebastian; Lau, J. Tobias (2022). "The Highest Oxidation State of Rhodium: Rhodium(VII) in [RhO3]+". Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 61 (38): e202207688. doi:10.1002/anie.202207688. PMC 9544489. PMID 35818987.
^ Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
^ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
^ ^8.0 ^8.1 Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

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[1] "Standard Atomic Weights: Rhodium". CIAAW. 2017.

[CIAAW2021-2] Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

[Arblaster_2018-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.

[4] Ellis J E. Highly Reduced Metal Carbonyl Anions: Synthesis, Characterization, and Chemical Properties. Adv. Organomet. Chem, 1990, 31: 1-51.

[5] Rh(VII) is known in the RhO₃⁺ cation, see Da Silva Santos, Mayara; Stüker, Tony; Flach, Max; Ablyasova, Olesya S.; Timm, Martin; von Issendorff, Bernd; Hirsch, Konstantin; Zamudio‐Bayer, Vicente; Riedel, Sebastian; Lau, J. Tobias (2022). "The Highest Oxidation State of Rhodium: Rhodium(VII) in [RhO3]+". Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 61 (38): e202207688. doi:10.1002/anie.202207688. PMC 9544489. PMID 35818987.

[6] Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.

[7] Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

[NUBASE2020-8] 8.0 ^8.1 Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

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