Eurovision Song Contest 1982

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Eurovision Song Contest 1982
File:ESC 1982 logo.png
Dates
Final24 April 1982
Host
VenueHarrogate International Centre
Harrogate, United Kingdom
Presenter(s)Jan Leeming
Musical directorRonnie Hazlehurst
Directed byMichael Hurll
Executive supervisorFrank Naef
Executive producerMichael Hurll
Host broadcasterBritish Broadcasting Corporation (BBC)
Participants
Number of entries18
Debuting countriesNone
Returning countriesNone
Non-returning countries
  • <imagemap> File:ESC_1982_Map_2.svg|299px|alt=A coloured map of the countries of Europe poly 244 323 245 319 252 316 261 316 269 318 267 322 270 325 272 330 266 333 266 338 261 338 261 331 257 334 258 329 252 324 247 323 Belgium in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982 poly 289 469 287 465 288 456 288 451 286 447 292 443 295 442 297 443 312 426 310 422 308 420 303 407 296 403 292 401 284 407 283 408 283 404 276 404 276 402 276 398 272 395 275 395 278 390 276 385 282 384 289 378 294 385 294 379 300 380 305 373 308 374 315 371 318 371 322 375 331 376 331 382 330 384 324 389 320 389 320 393 323 397 321 399 322 402 317 402 318 414 329 414 329 409 333 412 336 419 339 426 344 432 354 432 358 432 356 435 368 440 375 444 381 448 380 453 374 449 369 447 367 449 362 456 368 461 368 466 364 472 358 477 355 478 353 486 353 491 351 491 351 494 346 494 343 488 332 484 327 483 327 480 333 478 343 479 353 476 358 473 361 468 358 458 355 456 351 449 340 446 338 439 331 437 332 426 319 426 319 429 312 426 298 442 298 446 301 448 299 454 299 467 293 465 Italy in the Eurovision Song Contest poly 266 318 261 315 253 315 260 307 263 299 267 294 278 291 281 295 281 300 278 302 278 305 277 311 270 311 272 316 272 320 272 325 268 325 268 320 262 315 Netherlands in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982 poly 276 385 274 377 272 377 267 380 268 375 272 371 276 366 277 363 285 363 289 361 293 361 293 363 292 363 292 374 304 374 304 372 306 372 303 377 298 379 294 379 294 384 290 381 287 378 284 381 Switzerland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982 poly 281 364 281 358 283 352 286 347 278 344 275 343 275 338 273 333 274 329 272 320 272 317 272 313 275 312 280 307 280 302 282 295 282 290 288 290 289 293 291 287 296 287 295 280 292 275 301 277 303 280 310 281 307 287 308 294 308 297 311 298 311 300 308 303 312 309 307 318 304 318 303 322 303 328 302 331 307 333 313 331 316 331 320 333 321 337 326 344 333 351 325 355 325 361 315 362 311 363 306 361 Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982 poly 225 234 219 246 213 252 221 255 225 273 229 280 233 288 229 294 238 294 241 296 241 304 230 311 236 314 225 320 209 318 199 316 197 320 193 318 182 321 192 311 197 310 203 310 208 305 202 308 189 301 199 295 196 284 207 285 212 277 208 267 200 265 188 272 176 266 181 258 189 258 192 268 199 265 199 260 200 251 197 241 201 232 193 223 196 220 206 221 216 220 229 201 226 217 218 223 211 231 United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982 rect 270 404 283 416 Monaco in the Eurovision Song Contest poly 269 341 267 334 271 332 275 336 274 342 Luxembourg in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982 poly 69 539 0 539 0 503 69 502 131 469 137 458 135 455 139 448 137 441 143 441 147 425 153 420 150 415 141 415 134 410 136 401 132 397 142 392 155 398 173 403 187 405 198 409 210 417 220 417 220 426 233 426 233 424 239 424 239 429 248 454 226 465 206 465 195 476 190 476 184 484 160 482 152 484 148 488 144 482 141 474 138 471 133 469 69 502 69 538 Spain in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982 poly 179 292 174 292 164 295 156 295 156 292 151 292 151 289 155 286 160 282 164 275 158 271 163 262 170 265 171 260 175 254 178 255 179 261 175 265 176 268 180 268 181 268 186 273 184 281 184 288 Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982 poly 293 275 291 268 290 266 292 264 289 257 291 248 296 248 300 242 304 242 303 253 306 257 317 261 318 266 318 272 311 277 Denmark in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982 poly 369 198 368 189 365 175 367 170 370 165 376 146 380 142 378 136 372 134 368 128 368 122 363 110 360 107 347 102 347 99 350 96 357 100 364 101 370 98 370 90 370 86 375 80 384 85 382 98 384 101 389 103 392 106 391 113 400 125 401 138 405 142 410 146 408 152 413 155 420 157 419 166 415 177 408 191 400 193 392 199 384 204 373 198 Finland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982 poly 278 231 274 227 274 219 271 201 273 189 283 180 297 172 304 162 314 150 316 132 325 118 320 113 324 105 336 94 348 84 362 71 372 69 321 11 311 0 322 0 322 11 371 69 381 71 385 72 383 77 385 82 385 86 374 81 371 85 371 94 370 101 363 101 357 101 351 95 349 100 347 106 340 107 339 112 335 113 333 120 331 128 328 135 325 135 325 142 321 155 325 158 322 164 315 164 313 167 313 179 315 183 313 193 318 194 315 201 318 206 315 213 312 218 313 225 308 222 306 214 303 216 303 221 302 226 296 229 291 234 285 235 282 235 Norway in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982 poly 119 467 123 451 117 448 128 427 133 410 140 414 149 415 154 420 147 426 144 440 139 441 140 447 136 454 137 459 132 465 132 468 128 471 Portugal in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982 poly 317 250 313 239 314 235 311 233 309 227 311 223 313 215 318 209 316 199 318 196 314 192 314 183 313 172 313 165 317 162 324 162 324 160 320 155 323 145 324 138 330 131 333 119 337 113 342 107 346 107 348 101 357 103 363 110 365 117 367 121 367 127 373 135 364 136 362 143 358 150 361 152 358 159 353 164 348 172 344 182 344 193 344 199 348 203 356 212 353 221 348 224 360 233 360 243 357 243 356 238 358 232 347 225 346 234 346 243 347 246 345 251 343 257 332 258 331 261 330 268 326 268 321 258 321 255 320 248 Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982 poly 569 535 559 523 556 517 557 512 559 496 564 493 568 506 Israel in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982 poly 399 454 403 443 404 436 411 436 411 433 418 432 422 427 431 424 440 426 442 426 450 422 448 416 455 420 452 426 453 430 448 430 439 430 437 432 430 434 430 441 420 440 420 445 424 449 431 455 439 461 443 465 437 466 437 472 438 496 446 497 453 497 465 497 452 501 439 499 439 496 438 470 434 468 428 471 432 477 426 477 431 486 424 485 416 483 417 477 403 469 408 467 Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest rect 338 498 350 509 Malta in the Eurovision Song Contest poly 331 376 321 374 321 371 313 371 307 375 304 375 305 363 314 363 322 362 328 364 324 358 330 352 333 350 338 350 342 346 351 347 356 349 358 352 362 356 355 362 355 370 350 374 336 377 327 374 Austria in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982 poly 200 407 206 379 208 372 203 367 199 355 187 348 184 339 196 339 198 343 209 345 209 332 218 337 225 334 235 330 237 321 244 319 252 328 256 331 266 338 275 341 288 346 284 356 281 365 269 377 274 379 277 386 275 393 276 404 270 404 270 416 296 423 298 427 296 436 294 438 291 433 291 427 296 424 270 415 262 415 256 411 248 410 240 415 240 424 233 424 234 414 221 414 221 416 216 417 203 412 France in the Eurovision Song Contest poly 582 375 591 371 596 371 604 374 604 381 605 383 615 383 615 389 618 398 623 405 628 410 625 414 612 416 602 423 593 429 587 437 581 441 574 439 568 447 558 448 561 453 557 459 555 456 557 449 554 448 549 454 540 455 536 464 524 470 515 465 505 464 503 467 503 474 496 476 489 474 473 470 468 463 458 458 461 451 461 444 455 444 455 438 464 433 476 433 477 426 483 421 477 421 464 423 461 430 453 431 454 423 452 418 454 413 460 410 467 414 479 416 497 414 504 402 517 396 530 395 542 395 556 394 563 391 570 387 577 383 Turkey in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982 poly 387 425 375 419 364 413 354 407 348 401 345 396 344 392 340 390 336 394 334 396 332 390 332 381 331 377 339 376 350 371 352 370 361 380 368 383 372 379 382 376 390 377 396 384 398 388 402 391 409 389 410 394 410 399 417 406 411 412 414 417 421 424 418 429 414 432 410 436 401 436 399 431 397 422 389 418 387 425 Yugoslavia in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982 poly 96 539 97 533 104 524 106 520 116 514 128 512 134 505 144 489 152 499 161 502 170 503 180 506 183 511 181 531 183 536 186 539 96 539 Morocco in the Eurovision Song Contest poly 530 487 524 482 533 473 544 469 543 480 Cyprus in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982 desc bottom-right </imagemap>      Competing countries     Countries that participated in the past but not in 1982
Vote
Voting systemEach country awarded 12, 10, 8-1 point(s) to their 10 favourite songs
Winning song Germany
"Ein bißchen Frieden"
1981 ← Eurovision Song Contest → 1983

The Eurovision Song Contest 1982 was the 27th edition of the annual Eurovision Song Contest. It took place in Harrogate, United Kingdom, following the country's victory at the 1981 contest with the song "Making Your Mind Up" by Bucks Fizz. Organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), the contest was held at the Harrogate International Centre on 24 April 1982 and was hosted by English TV presenter and newsreader Jan Leeming.

Eighteen countries took part in the contest with Greece deciding not to enter this year. Due to internal issues, regarding a reform of telecommunications laws France was left without a broadcaster responsible for its participation for the first time in history.

The winner was Germany with the song "Ein bißchen Frieden" by Nicole. This was the first time that Germany had won the contest after having competed every year since the contest's inception. Germany received 1.61 times as many points as runner-up Israel, which was a record under the current scoring system until 2009, when Norway received 1.78 times as many points as Iceland. The song also cemented Ralph Siegel and Bernd Meinunger, the song's composers, into German Eurovision tradition, writing 18 Eurovision songs between them before and after "Ein bißchen Frieden", 13 of which were for Germany.

Location

Harrogate International Centre, Harrogate - host venue of the 1982 contest.

Harrogate is a spa town in North Yorkshire, England. Historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire, the town is a tourist destination and its visitor attractions include its spa waters and RHS Harlow Carr gardens. Nearby is the Yorkshire Dales national park and the Nidderdale AONB. Harrogate grew out of two smaller settlements, High Harrogate and Low Harrogate, in the 17th century. The town became known as 'The English Spa' in the Georgian Era, after its waters were discovered in the 16th century. In the 17th and 18th centuries its 'chalybeate' waters (containing iron) were a popular health treatment, and the influx of wealthy but sickly visitors contributed significantly to the wealth of the town.

The Harrogate International Centre was chosen as the host venue for the contest.[1] The grand convention and exhibition centre opened short time prior to the contest, and was the first big event held in the main 2000-seat auditorium.

Participating countries

Further information: List of countries in the Eurovision Song Contest
Eurovision Song Contest 1982 – Participation summaries by country

With 18 participating countries, this was the last Eurovision contest to have such a low number of entries.

Greece was due to participate in the contest with the song "Sarantapente kopelies" performed by Themis Adamantidis. Although drawn to perform in position number 2, ERT withdrew a few weeks before the contest. According to press reports, Greek Minister of Culture and Sports Melina Mercouri had voiced her opposition to the chosen entry as being too low in quality.[2]

In November 1981, France's national broadcaster, TF1, declined to enter the Eurovision Song Contest for 1982, with the head of entertainment, Pierre Bouteiller, saying, "The absence of talent and the mediocrity of the songs is where annoyance sets in. [Eurovision is] a monument to insanity [sometimes translated as "drivel"]." Antenne 2 became the new broadcaster for Eurovision after public outcry, returning the country to the contest in 1983.

Participants of the Eurovision Song Contest 1982[3][4][5][6]
Country Broadcaster Artist Song Language Songwriter(s) Conductor
 Austria ORF Mess "Sonntag" German
Richard Oesterreicher
 Belgium RTBF Stella "Si tu aimes ma musique" French
  • Fred Bekky
  • Bobott
  • Rony Brack
 Jack Say
 Cyprus CyBC Anna Vissi "Mono i agapi" (Μόνο η αγάπη) Greek Anna Vissi Martyn Ford
 Denmark DR Brixx "Video-Video" Danish Jens Brixtofte Allan Botschinsky
 Finland YLE Kojo "Nuku pommiin" Finnish
Ossi Runne
 Germany BR[a] Nicole "Ein bißchen Frieden" German
Norbert Daum
 Ireland RTÉ The Duskeys "Here Today, Gone Tomorrow" English Sally Keating Noel Kelehan
 Israel IBA Avi Toledano "Hora" (הורה) Hebrew
Silvio Nanssi Brandes
 Luxembourg CLT Svetlana "Cours après le temps" French
  • Cyril Assous
  • Michel Jouveaux
 Jean Claudric
 Netherlands NOS Bill van Dijk "Jij en ik" Dutch
Rogier van Otterloo
 Norway NRK Jahn Teigen and Anita Skorgan "Adieu" Norwegian
Sigurd Jansen
 Portugal RTP Doce "Bem bom" Portuguese
Luis Duarte
 Spain TVE Lucía "Él" Spanish
Miguel Ángel Varona
 Sweden SVT Chips "Dag efter dag" Swedish
Anders Berglund
  Switzerland SRG SSR Arlette Zola "Amour on t'aime" French
Joan Amils
 Turkey TRT Neco "Hani?" Turkish
  • Faik Tuğsuz
  • Olcayto Ahmet Tuğsuz
 Garo Mafyan
 United Kingdom BBC Bardo "One Step Further" English Simon Jefferis Ronnie Hazlehurst
 Yugoslavia JRT Aska "Halo, halo" (Хало, хало) Serbo-Croatian
Zvonimir Skerl

Returning artists

Artist Country Previous year(s)
Stella Maessen  Belgium 1970 (for  Netherlands, as part of Hearts of Soul), 1977 (as part of Dream Express)
Anita Skorgan  Norway 1977, 1979, 1981 (as backing vocalist for Finn Kalvik)
Jahn Teigen  Norway 1978
Fatima Padinha (as part of Doce)  Portugal 1978 (as part of Gemini)
Teresa Miguel (as part of Doce)  Portugal 1978 (as part of Gemini)
Olcayto Ahmet Tuğsuz (as backing singer for Neco)  Turkey 1978 (as part of Nazar)
Anna Vissi  Cyprus 1980 (for  Greece, along with the Epikouri)
Sally Ann Triplett (as part of Bardo)  United Kingdom 1980 (as part of Prima Donna)

Format

The opening of the contest showed a map of Europe, with the translation "Where is Harrogate?" popping up on-screen from the languages of the various countries. The question was always in the language in which the respective country's song was performed, with the exception of Ireland. The Irish entry was sung in English, but the translation of the question in the map was in Irish. Then the map zoomed into Harrogate's location in Yorkshire, followed by an introduction video spotlighting the town.

This year, before the postcard of a specific country (with the exceptions of Israel, who had no commentator, and Yugoslavia, whose commentators were in their own country), the camera would zoom into the commentary box of that country's broadcaster, where the commentator/s would give a hand gesture, e.g. wave. The postcard would start with the country's flag on the screen and an excerpt of the country's national anthem (though in the case of the host country, the UK, the song played was "Land of Hope and Glory" instead of "God Save the Queen", while the Israeli postcard began with an excerpt of "Hava Nagila"[8] instead of "Hatikvah"). The postcards themselves, utilizing state-of-the-art video technology (for its time), were a montage of footage of the artist in Harrogate town or at the International Flower Festival. Some of the postcards also incorporated footage from the preview videos submitted by each organization, the first time the contest had utilised the clips in the broadcast. Only the preview videos which did not consist of a performance of the song from the national final were used. Also, postcards used either a popular song or tune from the country being shown or a song performed at previous editions of Eurovision (i.e. for the Yugoslav entry, "Jedan dan" from 1968 was used, and for Israel, the winning song "Hallelujah" by Milk and Honey from 1979 was used). After the conclusion of the video clip, Jan Leeming introduced the conductor and then the artist for each nation.

Contest overview

Germany had the advantage of performing last. After coming second in The Hague in 1980 and second in Dublin in 1981, Ralph Siegel and Bernd Meinunger took the first win for Germany. The winner, Nicole, beat the nearest competition by 61 points and over 13 million West Germans watched her victory on television. Germany was the commanding leader for nearly the entire voting process.

Nicole went on to sing the reprise of her song in English, French and Dutch, as well as German, to the delight of the invited audience in Harrogate Conference Centre who stood up to applaud her. The English version (also produced by Siegel and Robert Jung [de]) of her Eurovision winner, A Little Peace, subsequently shot to No. 1 in the UK Singles Chart.[9][10]

Results of the Eurovision Song Contest 1982[11]
R/O Country Artist Song Points Place
1  Portugal Doce "Bem bom" 32 13
2  Luxembourg Svetlana "Cours après le temps" 78 6
3  Norway Jahn Teigen and Anita Skorgan "Adieu" 40 12
4  United Kingdom Bardo "One Step Further" 76 7
5  Turkey Neco "Hani?" 20 15
6  Finland Kojo "Nuku pommiin" 0 18
7   Switzerland Arlette Zola "Amour on t'aime" 97 3
8  Cyprus Anna Vissi "Mono i agapi" 85 5
9  Sweden Chips "Dag efter dag" 67 8
10  Austria Mess "Sonntag" 57 9
11  Belgium Stella "Si tu aimes ma musique" 96 4
12  Spain Lucía "Él" 52 10
13  Denmark Brixx "Video-Video" 5 17
14  Yugoslavia Aska "Halo, halo" 21 14
15  Israel Avi Toledano "Hora" 100 2
16  Netherlands Bill van Dijk "Jij en ik" 8 16
17  Ireland The Duskeys "Here Today, Gone Tomorrow" 49 11
18  Germany Nicole "Ein bißchen Frieden" 161 1

Spokespersons

Each country nominated a spokesperson who was responsible for announcing the votes for their respective country via telephone. Known spokespersons at the 1982 contest are listed below.

Detailed voting results

Each country had a jury who awarded 12, 10, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 point(s) for their top ten songs.

Detailed voting results[14][15]
Total score
Portugal
Luxembourg
Norway
United Kingdom
Turkey
Finland
Switzerland
Cyprus
Sweden
Austria
Belgium
Spain
Denmark
Yugoslavia
Israel
Netherlands
Ireland
Germany
Contestants
 Portugal 32 7 4 5 2 1 6 1 4 2
Luxembourg 78 6 7 6 3 7 2 8 5 4 5 7 10 8
Norway 40 6 4 4 6 2 2 6 10
United Kingdom 76 4 12 6 10 4 5 3 12 1 2 6 2 1 7 1
Turkey 20 8 3 1 3 3 2
Finland 0
Switzerland 97 2 2 4 12 2 6 2 10 12 7 10 10 10 8
Cyprus 85 5 4 12 3 8 8 5 3 7 5 7 12 6
Sweden 67 7 3 8 5 3 4 8 5 4 8 2 5 3 2
Austria 57 10 7 7 6 8 6 4 4 5
Belgium 96 8 5 5 2 6 5 2 8 7 4 10 10 7 6 3 4 4
Spain 52 1 8 6 7 10 4 1 8 7
Denmark 5 3 1 1
Yugoslavia 21 4 1 12 1 3
Israel 100 10 10 1 1 12 10 2 10 7 7 6 1 3 8 12
Netherlands 8 3 5
Ireland 49 1 2 7 1 6 5 5 3 5 8 3 3
Germany 161 12 10 8 12 10 12 12 8 1 10 12 12 12 12 6 12

12 points

Below is a summary of all 12 points in the final:

N. Contestant Nation(s) giving 12 points
9  Germany  Cyprus,  Denmark,  Ireland,  Israel,  Portugal,  Spain,   Switzerland,  Turkey,  Yugoslavia
2  Cyprus  Netherlands,  Norway
 Israel  Finland,  Germany
  Switzerland  Belgium,  United Kingdom
 United Kingdom  Austria,  Luxembourg
1  Yugoslavia  Sweden

Broadcasts

Each participating broadcaster was required to relay the contest via its networks. Non-participating EBU member broadcasters were also able to relay the contest as "passive participants". Broadcasters were able to send commentators to provide coverage of the contest in their own native language and to relay information about the artists and songs to their television viewers.[16] Known details on the broadcasts in each country, including the specific broadcasting stations and commentators are shown in the tables below.

Broadcasters and commentators in participating countries
Country Broadcaster Channel(s) Commentator(s) Ref(s)
 Austria ORF FS2 Ernst Grissemann [17][18]
 Belgium RTBF RTBF1 Jacques Mercier [19][20]
BRT TV1 Luc Appermont [19][21]
 Cyprus CyBC RIK [22]
 Denmark DR DR TV Jørgen de Mylius [20]
 Finland YLE TV1 Erkki Toivanen [20][23]
Rinnakkaisohjelma [fi] [23]
 Germany ARD Deutsches Fernsehen Ado Schlier [de] [24][25]
 Ireland RTÉ RTÉ 1 Larry Gogan [20][26]
RTÉ Radio 1 Pat Kenny [27]
 Israel IBA Israeli Television, Reshet Bet [he] [28][29]
 Luxembourg CLT RTL Télé-Luxembourg Jacques Navadic and Marylène Bergmann [fr] [30]
 Netherlands NOS Nederland 2 Pim Jacobs [21]
 Norway NRK NRK Fjernsynet Bjørn Scheele [31]
NRK[b] Erik Heyerdahl [no]
 Portugal RTP RTP1 Fialho Gouveia [20][32]
 Spain TVE TVE 1 Miguel de los Santos [es] [33][34]
 Sweden SVT TV1 Ulf Elfving [31][12]
RR [sv] SR P3 Kent Finell
  Switzerland SRG SSR TV DRS[c] Theodor Haller [de] [24][35]
TSR Georges Hardy [fr]
TSI[c] Giovanni Bertini [20]
 Turkey TRT TRT Televizyon Ümit Tunçağ [36][37]
 United Kingdom BBC BBC1 Terry Wogan [38]
BBC Radio 2 Ray Moore [39]
 Yugoslavia JRT TV Beograd 1, TV Novi Sad, TV Zagreb 1 Oliver Mlakar [40][41][42][43]
TV Koper-Capodistria [44]
TV Ljubljana 1 [sl] [45]
Broadcasters and commentators in non-participating countries
Country Broadcaster Channel(s) Commentator(s) Ref(s)
 Czechoslovakia ČST ČST1[d] [46]
 Hungary MTV MTV1[e] [47]
 Iceland RÚV Sjónvarpið[f] Pálmi Jóhannesson [48]
 Jordan JTV JTV2 [49]

Notes

  1. ^ On behalf of the German public broadcasting consortium ARD[7]
  2. ^ Deferred broadcast at 22:40 (CEST)[31]
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Broadcast through a second audio programme on TSR[35]
  4. ^ Delayed broadcast on 21 May 1982 at 22:00 (CEST)[46]
  5. ^ Delayed broadcast on 15 May 1982 at 21:10 (CEST)[47]
  6. ^ Delayed broadcast on 30 April 1982 at 22:10 (WET)[48]

References

  1. ^ "Harrogate calling: When Eurovision came to Yorkshire". Bbc.co.uk. 24 April 2022. Archived from the original on 24 April 2022. Retrieved 25 April 2022.
  2. ^ "Christie singt für ihren Mann und Griechenland". Abendzeitung (in Deutsch). 22 April 1983. p. 17. ISSN 0177-5367. OCLC 1367315706.
  3. ^ "Participants of Harrogate 1982". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 2 April 2023. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 Roxburgh, Gordon (2016). Songs for Europe: The United Kingdom at the Eurovision Song Contest. Volume Three: The 1980s. Prestatyn: Telos Publishing. pp. 86–103. ISBN 978-1-84583-118-9.
  5. ^ "1982 – 27th edition". diggiloo.net. Archived from the original on 22 March 2022. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
  6. ^ "Detailed overview: conductors in 1982". And the conductor is... Archived from the original on 5 July 2023. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
  7. ^ "Alle deutschen ESC-Acts und ihre Titel" [All German ESC acts and their songs]. www.eurovision.de (in Deutsch). ARD. Archived from the original on 12 June 2023. Retrieved 12 June 2023.
  8. ^ "Archived copy". YouTube. Archived from the original on 30 January 2021. Retrieved 24 April 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  9. ^ "Robert Jung". hitparade.ch (in Deutsch). Archived from the original on 24 October 2021. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  10. ^ "a little peace - full Official Chart History". Official Charts Company. Archived from the original on 30 January 2021. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  11. ^ "Final of Harrogate 1982". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
  12. ^ 12.0 12.1 Thorsson, Leif; Verhage, Martin (2006). Melodifestivalen genom tiderna : de svenska uttagningarna och internationella finalerna (in svenska). Stockholm: Premium Publishing. pp. 158–159. ISBN 91-89136-29-2.
  13. ^ Dinçer, Mehmet (24 April 1982). "Neco, Eurovision'da şans arıyor". Cumhuriyet (in Türkçe). Istanbul, Turkey. p. 5. Archived from the original on 13 January 2023. Retrieved 13 January 2023.
  14. ^ "Results of the Final of Harrogate 1982". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
  15. ^ "Eurovision Song Contest 1982 – Scoreboard". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 20 October 2021.
  16. ^ "The Rules of the Contest". European Broadcasting Union. 31 October 2018. Archived from the original on 4 October 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  17. ^ "Radio – Televizija" [Radio – Television]. Slovenski vestnik (in slovenščina). Klagenfurt (Celovec), Austria. 22 April 1983. p. 7. Retrieved 8 June 2024.
  18. ^ Halbhuber, Axel (22 May 2015). "Ein virtueller Disput der ESC-Kommentatoren". Kurier (in Deutsch). Archived from the original on 23 May 2015. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
  19. ^ 19.0 19.1 "D'er effe uit krant – Zaterdag 24 april". De Voorpost (in Nederlands). Aalst, Belgium. 23 April 1982. p. 12. Archived from the original on 12 January 2023. Retrieved 12 January 2023.
  20. ^ 20.0 20.1 20.2 20.3 20.4 20.5 "Location of Commentary Positions/Emplacement des commentateurs étrangers". Eurovision Song Contest 1982. London, England: British Broadcasting Corporation. 24 April 1982.
  21. ^ 21.0 21.1 "Radio televisie" [Radio television]. Algemeen Dagblad (in Nederlands). Rotterdam, Netherlands. 24 April 1982. p. 9. Retrieved 12 January 2023 – via Delpher.
  22. ^ "Τηλεόραση" [Television]. Charavgi (in Ελληνικά). Nicosia, Cyprus. 24 April 1982. p. 4. Retrieved 4 March 2024 – via Press and Information Office [el].
  23. ^ 23.0 23.1 "Viikon radio ja TV" [Radio and TV of the week]. Helsingin Sanomat (in suomi). 23 April 1982. p. 47. Archived from the original on 23 December 2022. Retrieved 23 December 2022.
  24. ^ 24.0 24.1 "Tele-tip heute" [Tele-tip today]. Bieler Tagblatt (in Deutsch). Biel, Switzerland. 24 April 1982. p. 34. Retrieved 12 January 2023 – via E-newspaperarchives.ch.
  25. ^ "Plädoyer für den Grand Prix: Europäischer Schlager-Wettbewerb mit Schwung" [Plea for the Grand Prix: European pop music competition with momentum]. Gong (in Deutsch). Archived from the original on 16 May 2023. Retrieved 18 January 2023.
  26. ^ "Entertainment – RTÉ 1 – Saturday". The Irish Times Weekend. 24 April 1982. p. 8. Archived from the original on 25 January 2011. Retrieved 22 December 2022.
  27. ^ "Entertainment – Saturday – RTÉ Radio 1". The Irish Times Weekend. 24 April 1982. p. 7. Retrieved 22 December 2022.
  28. ^ "שבת – טלוויזיה" [Saturday – Television]. Davar (in עברית). Tel Aviv, Israel. 23 April 1982. p. 54. Retrieved 13 January 2023 – via National Library of Israel.
  29. ^ "רדיו שבת – 24.4.82" [Radio Shabat – 24.4.82]. Davar (in עברית). Tel Aviv, Israel. 23 April 1982. p. 56. Retrieved 13 January 2023 – via National Library of Israel.
  30. ^ "Samstag, 24. April" [Saturday 24 April]. Revue Agenda (in français and Deutsch). 24 April 1982. p. 10–11. Archived from the original on 15 May 2024. Retrieved 15 May 2024.
  31. ^ 31.0 31.1 31.2 "TV Radio programmene" [TV Radio programmes]. Sandefjords Blad (in norsk). Sandefjord, Norway. 24 April 1982. p. 2. Archived from the original on 13 January 2023. Retrieved 13 January 2023 – via National Library of Norway.
  32. ^ "Televisão – Hoje" [Television – Today]. Diário de Lisboa (in português). Lisbon, Portugal. 24 April 1982. p. 21. Archived from the original on 13 January 2023. Retrieved 13 January 2023 – via Casa Comum.
  33. ^ "1er programa – Programacion" [1st program – Programming]. Pueblo [es] (in español). Madrid, Spain. 24 April 1982. p. 39. Retrieved 1 July 2024 – via Biblioteca Virtual de Prensa Histórica [es].
  34. ^ De Santiago, José P. (24 April 1982). "El Eurofestival-82" [The Eurofestival-82]. Pueblo [es] (in español). Madrid, Spain. p. 40. Retrieved 1 July 2024 – via Biblioteca Virtual de Prensa Histórica [es].
  35. ^ 35.0 35.1 "TV – samedi 24 avril" [TV – Saturday 24 April]. Radio TV - Je vois tout (in français). No. 16. Lausanne, Switzerland: Héliographia SA. 22 April 1982. pp. 14–15. Archived from the original on 12 January 2023. Retrieved 12 January 2023 – via Scriptorium Digital Library.
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External links

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