Eurovision Song Contest 1986

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Eurovision Song Contest 1986
File:ESC 1986 logo.png
Dates
Final3 May 1986
Host
VenueGrieghallen
Bergen, Norway
Presenter(s)Åse Kleveland
Musical directorEgil Monn-Iversen
Directed byJohn Andreassen
Executive supervisorFrank Naef
Executive producerHarald Tusberg
Host broadcasterNorsk rikskringkasting (NRK)
Participants
Number of entries20
Debuting countries Iceland
Returning countries
Non-returning countries
  • <imagemap> File:ESC_1986_Map_2.svg|299px|alt=A coloured map of the countries of Europe poly 244 323 245 319 252 316 261 316 269 318 267 322 270 325 272 330 266 333 266 338 261 338 261 331 257 334 258 329 252 324 247 323 Belgium in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 poly 289 469 287 465 288 456 288 451 286 447 292 443 295 442 297 443 312 426 310 422 308 420 303 407 296 403 292 401 284 407 283 408 283 404 276 404 276 402 276 398 272 395 275 395 278 390 276 385 282 384 289 378 294 385 294 379 300 380 305 373 308 374 315 371 318 371 322 375 331 376 331 382 330 384 324 389 320 389 320 393 323 397 321 399 322 402 317 402 318 414 329 414 329 409 333 412 336 419 339 426 344 432 354 432 358 432 356 435 368 440 375 444 381 448 380 453 374 449 369 447 367 449 362 456 368 461 368 466 364 472 358 477 355 478 353 486 353 491 351 491 351 494 346 494 343 488 332 484 327 483 327 480 333 478 343 479 353 476 358 473 361 468 358 458 355 456 351 449 340 446 338 439 331 437 332 426 319 426 319 429 312 426 298 442 298 446 301 448 299 454 299 467 293 465 Italy in the Eurovision Song Contest poly 266 318 261 315 253 315 260 307 263 299 267 294 278 291 281 295 281 300 278 302 278 305 277 311 270 311 272 316 272 320 272 325 268 325 268 320 262 315 Netherlands in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 poly 276 385 274 377 272 377 267 380 268 375 272 371 276 366 277 363 285 363 289 361 293 361 293 363 292 363 292 374 304 374 304 372 306 372 303 377 298 379 294 379 294 384 290 381 287 378 284 381 Switzerland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 poly 281 364 281 358 283 352 286 347 278 344 275 343 275 338 273 333 274 329 272 320 272 317 272 313 275 312 280 307 280 302 282 295 282 290 288 290 289 293 291 287 296 287 295 280 292 275 301 277 303 280 310 281 307 287 308 294 308 297 311 298 311 300 308 303 312 309 307 318 304 318 303 322 303 328 302 331 307 333 313 331 316 331 320 333 321 337 326 344 333 351 325 355 325 361 315 362 311 363 306 361 Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 poly 225 234 219 246 213 252 221 255 225 273 229 280 233 288 229 294 238 294 241 296 241 304 230 311 236 314 225 320 209 318 199 316 197 320 193 318 182 321 192 311 197 310 203 310 208 305 202 308 189 301 199 295 196 284 207 285 212 277 208 267 200 265 188 272 176 266 181 258 189 258 192 268 199 265 199 260 200 251 197 241 201 232 193 223 196 220 206 221 216 220 229 201 226 217 218 223 211 231 United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 rect 270 404 283 416 Monaco in the Eurovision Song Contest poly 269 341 267 334 271 332 275 336 274 342 Luxembourg in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 poly 69 539 0 539 0 503 69 502 131 469 137 458 135 455 139 448 137 441 143 441 147 425 153 420 150 415 141 415 134 410 136 401 132 397 142 392 155 398 173 403 187 405 198 409 210 417 220 417 220 426 233 426 233 424 239 424 239 429 248 454 226 465 206 465 195 476 190 476 184 484 160 482 152 484 148 488 144 482 141 474 138 471 133 469 69 502 69 538 Spain in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 poly 179 292 174 292 164 295 156 295 156 292 151 292 151 289 155 286 160 282 164 275 158 271 163 262 170 265 171 260 175 254 178 255 179 261 175 265 176 268 180 268 181 268 186 273 184 281 184 288 Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 poly 293 275 291 268 290 266 292 264 289 257 291 248 296 248 300 242 304 242 303 253 306 257 317 261 318 266 318 272 311 277 Denmark in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 poly 369 198 368 189 365 175 367 170 370 165 376 146 380 142 378 136 372 134 368 128 368 122 363 110 360 107 347 102 347 99 350 96 357 100 364 101 370 98 370 90 370 86 375 80 384 85 382 98 384 101 389 103 392 106 391 113 400 125 401 138 405 142 410 146 408 152 413 155 420 157 419 166 415 177 408 191 400 193 392 199 384 204 373 198 Finland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 poly 278 231 274 227 274 219 271 201 273 189 283 180 297 172 304 162 314 150 316 132 325 118 320 113 324 105 336 94 348 84 362 71 372 69 321 11 311 0 322 0 322 11 371 69 381 71 385 72 383 77 385 82 385 86 374 81 371 85 371 94 370 101 363 101 357 101 351 95 349 100 347 106 340 107 339 112 335 113 333 120 331 128 328 135 325 135 325 142 321 155 325 158 322 164 315 164 313 167 313 179 315 183 313 193 318 194 315 201 318 206 315 213 312 218 313 225 308 222 306 214 303 216 303 221 302 226 296 229 291 234 285 235 282 235 Norway in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 poly 119 467 123 451 117 448 128 427 133 410 140 414 149 415 154 420 147 426 144 440 139 441 140 447 136 454 137 459 132 465 132 468 128 471 Portugal in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 poly 317 250 313 239 314 235 311 233 309 227 311 223 313 215 318 209 316 199 318 196 314 192 314 183 313 172 313 165 317 162 324 162 324 160 320 155 323 145 324 138 330 131 333 119 337 113 342 107 346 107 348 101 357 103 363 110 365 117 367 121 367 127 373 135 364 136 362 143 358 150 361 152 358 159 353 164 348 172 344 182 344 193 344 199 348 203 356 212 353 221 348 224 360 233 360 243 357 243 356 238 358 232 347 225 346 234 346 243 347 246 345 251 343 257 332 258 331 261 330 268 326 268 321 258 321 255 320 248 Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 poly 569 535 559 523 556 517 557 512 559 496 564 493 568 506 Israel in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 poly 399 454 403 443 404 436 411 436 411 433 418 432 422 427 431 424 440 426 442 426 450 422 448 416 455 420 452 426 453 430 448 430 439 430 437 432 430 434 430 441 420 440 420 445 424 449 431 455 439 461 443 465 437 466 437 472 438 496 446 497 453 497 465 497 452 501 439 499 439 496 438 470 434 468 428 471 432 477 426 477 431 486 424 485 416 483 417 477 403 469 408 467 Greece in the Eurovision Song Contest rect 338 498 350 509 Malta in the Eurovision Song Contest poly 331 376 321 374 321 371 313 371 307 375 304 375 305 363 314 363 322 362 328 364 324 358 330 352 333 350 338 350 342 346 351 347 356 349 358 352 362 356 355 362 355 370 350 374 336 377 327 374 Austria in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 poly 200 407 206 379 208 372 203 367 199 355 187 348 184 339 196 339 198 343 209 345 209 332 218 337 225 334 235 330 237 321 244 319 252 328 256 331 266 338 275 341 288 346 284 356 281 365 269 377 274 379 277 386 275 393 276 404 270 404 270 416 296 423 298 427 296 436 294 438 291 433 291 427 296 424 270 415 262 415 256 411 248 410 240 415 240 424 233 424 234 414 221 414 221 416 216 417 203 412 France in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 poly 582 375 591 371 596 371 604 374 604 381 605 383 615 383 615 389 618 398 623 405 628 410 625 414 612 416 602 423 593 429 587 437 581 441 574 439 568 447 558 448 561 453 557 459 555 456 557 449 554 448 549 454 540 455 536 464 524 470 515 465 505 464 503 467 503 474 496 476 489 474 473 470 468 463 458 458 461 451 461 444 455 444 455 438 464 433 476 433 477 426 483 421 477 421 464 423 461 430 453 431 454 423 452 418 454 413 460 410 467 414 479 416 497 414 504 402 517 396 530 395 542 395 556 394 563 391 570 387 577 383 Turkey in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 poly 387 425 375 419 364 413 354 407 348 401 345 396 344 392 340 390 336 394 334 396 332 390 332 381 331 377 339 376 350 371 352 370 361 380 368 383 372 379 382 376 390 377 396 384 398 388 402 391 409 389 410 394 410 399 417 406 411 412 414 417 421 424 418 429 414 432 410 436 401 436 399 431 397 422 389 418 387 425 Yugoslavia in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 poly 96 539 97 533 104 524 106 520 116 514 128 512 134 505 144 489 152 499 161 502 170 503 180 506 183 511 181 531 183 536 186 539 96 539 Morocco in the Eurovision Song Contest poly 530 487 524 482 533 473 544 469 543 480 Cyprus in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 poly 148 137 144 133 140 127 132 124 138 123 140 115 132 109 142 109 143 106 136 103 145 94 149 99 152 106 160 108 171 112 175 108 181 118 184 128 176 135 156 137 151 140 Iceland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 desc bottom-right </imagemap>      Competing countries     Countries that participated in the past but not in 1986
Vote
Voting systemEach country awarded 12, 10, 8-1 point(s) to their 10 favourite songs
Winning song Belgium
"J'aime la vie"
1985 ← Eurovision Song Contest → 1987

The Eurovision Song Contest 1986 was the 31st edition of the annual Eurovision Song Contest. It was held in Bergen, Norway, following the country's victory at the 1985 contest with the song "La det swinge" by Bobbysocks! Organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster Norsk rikskringkasting (NRK), the contest was held at Grieghallen on 3 May 1986 and was hosted by previous Norwegian contestant Åse Kleveland.

Twenty countries took part in this year's contest with Greece and Italy deciding not to participate and Yugoslavia and Netherlands returning. Iceland also competed for the first time this year.

The winner was Belgium with the song "J'aime la vie" by Sandra Kim. Belgium was the last of the original 7 countries that had competed in the first contest to win. Aged 13, Kim was the youngest ever Eurovision winner. Current rules require Eurovision Song Contest participants to be at least 16, so unless the rule is changed, Kim's record will never be broken. The lyrics of her song implied that Kim was 15 years of age, but after the contest, it was revealed that she was actually 13. Switzerland, who finished second, appealed for her to be disqualified, but was not successful.[citation needed]

The 1986 contest was a first for Eurovision in that royalty were among the guests—Crown Prince Harald, Crown Princess Sonja, Princess Märtha Louise and Prince Haakon Magnus were all in attendance.

Background

Grieghallen, Bergen – host venue of the 1986 contest.

By 1985, Norway had received the unwanted distinction of being "the nul points country," receiving 0 points three times and coming in last six times. When they finally won the 1985 contest, it was a source of pride among the Norwegian population, and the national broadcaster, NRK, took full advantage of being able to showcase Norway and its achievements in front of over 500 million television viewers. By the autumn of 1985, NRK had decided to hold the next year's contest at the Grieghallen in Bergen, turning down other bids from capital Oslo, and main cities of Stavanger, Sandnes and Trondheim. Bergen is the northernmost city to have ever hosted the Eurovision Song Contest.

As this was the first time Norway hosted a Eurovision Song Contest, NRK commissioned a lavish budget for the event, turning Grieghallen into a Viking-esque "ice palace" for the live show, complete with white and pastel neon lights for the stage. In addition, NRK also had a special diamond-encrusted dress made for presenter Åse Kleveland for her opening number. The prized dress, which weighed upwards of 15 pounds (6.8 kg), is still available for viewing at NRK's costuming department at Marienlyst in Oslo.

Åse Kleveland, a well-known folk guitarist and singer, who was President of the Norwegian Association of Musicians and a former Eurovision entrant in 1966, sang the multilingual "Welcome to Music" as the opening act, incorporating English and French primarily, in addition to other European languages. BBC commentator Terry Wogan, at the close of Kleveland's number, dryly remarked, "Katie Boyle (a former Eurovision host for the UK) never sang, did she?"

During her opening remarks, Kleveland said of Norway's road in the contest, "For those of you who have followed Norway's course through the history of the Eurovision Song Contest, you will know that it has been quite thorny, in fact. So, imagine our joy when last year we finally won, and the pleasure we feel today, being able to welcome 700 million viewers to the top of Europe, to Norway, and to Bergen."

The intersong videos introducing each participant, traditionally named 'postcards' were for the only time, represented as actual picture postcards sent from the artists to your own nation. Each video began with clips of various scenic views of a part of Norway, which then 'flipped' to reveal a message of greeting, written in the language of the upcoming song, alongside details of the title, author and composer. The postage stamp on each card (a representation of a genuine Norwegian postage stamp) was linked to the theme of the video content. The postcard then 'flipped' back to the picture side, where the performing artist had been superimposed onto the image. After the video, Åse Kleveland gave details of the entry and introduced the conductors in a mix of English and French, reading from cards represented by the flag of the upcoming country.

The main interval act presented featured Norwegian musicians, a hitherto unknown young woman outside of Norway, Sissel Kyrkjebø and the musician Steinar Ofsdal, accompanied by Norwegian national broadcasting orchestra, Kringkastingsorkesteret (KORK). They opened with the traditional song of the city of Bergen, Udsikter fra Ulriken (also known as "Nystemte'n"), and presented a number of familiar tunes while showing the sights and sounds of Bergen area. Ofsdal played a range of traditional Norwegian folk instruments such as accordion, recorder and hardingfele. This was Kyrkjebø's first performance on an international event, which served as the starting point for a consolidated international career years later.

Participating countries

Further information: List of countries in the Eurovision Song Contest
Eurovision Song Contest 1986 – Participation summaries by country

Iceland competed for the first time, as the national broadcaster RÚV had finally cemented their satellite television connections with the rest of Europe.[1]

Greece withdrew, as the contest coincided with Holy Saturday on the Eastern Orthodox Church liturgical calendar.[2] Their entry would have been "Wagon-lit" (Βάγκον λι), performed by Polina, who was backing vocalist of Elpida at the 1979 contest (Elpida represented Cyprus this year). Prior to their withdrawal, they were set to be 18th in the running order between Sweden and Denmark.[3] Italian broadcaster RAI, on the other hand, decided not to send any delegation to Bergen.

Participants of the Eurovision Song Contest 1986[3][4][5]
Country Broadcaster Artist Song Language Songwriter(s) Conductor
 Austria ORF Timna Brauer "Die Zeit ist einsam" German
Richard Oesterreicher
 Belgium RTBF Sandra Kim "J'aime la vie" French
  • Angelo Crisci
  • Jean-Pierre Furnémont
  • Rosario Marino
 Jo Carlier
 Cyprus CyBC Elpida "Tora zo" (Τώρα ζω) Greek
  • Phivos Gavris
  • Peter Yiannaki
 Martyn Ford
 Denmark DR Lise Haavik "Du er fuld af løgn" Danish John Hatting Egil Monn-Iversen
 Finland YLE Kari "Never the End" Finnish Kari Kuivalainen Ossi Runne
 France Antenne 2 Cocktail Chic "Européennes" French
  • Georges Costa
  • Michel Costa
 Jean-Claude Petit
 Germany BR[a] Ingrid Peters "Über die Brücke geh'n" German Hans Blum Hans Blum
 Iceland RÚV ICY "Gleðibankinn" Icelandic Magnús Eiríksson Gunnar Þórðarson
 Ireland RTÉ Luv Bug "You Can Count On Me" English Kevin Sheerin Noel Kelehan
 Israel IBA Moti Giladi and Sarai Tzuriel "Yavo Yom" (יבוא יום) Hebrew
Yoram Zadok
 Luxembourg CLT Sherisse Laurence "L'Amour de ma vie" French
Rolf Soja
 Netherlands NOS Frizzle Sizzle "Alles heeft ritme" Dutch
  • Rob ten Bokum
  • Peter Schön
 Harry van Hoof
 Norway NRK Ketil Stokkan "Romeo" Norwegian Ketil Stokkan Egil Monn-Iversen
 Portugal RTP Dora "Não sejas mau p'ra mim" Portuguese
  • Guilherme Inês
  • Luís Oliveira
  • Zé da Ponte
 Colin Frechter
 Spain TVE Cadillac "Valentino" Spanish José Maria Guzmán Eduardo Leiva
 Sweden SVT Lasse Holm and Monica Törnell "E' de' det här du kallar kärlek" Swedish Lasse Holm Anders Berglund
  Switzerland SRG SSR Daniela Simons "Pas pour moi" French
Atilla Şereftuğ
 Turkey TRT Klips ve Onlar "Halley" Turkish
Melih Kibar
 United Kingdom BBC Ryder "Runner in the Night" English
  • Maureen Darbyshire
  • Brian Wade
 No conductor
 Yugoslavia JRT Doris Dragović "Željo moja" (Жељо моја) Serbo-Croatian Zrinko Tutić Nikica Kalogjera

Returning artists

Artist Country Previous year(s)
Elpida  Cyprus 1979 (for  Greece)

Contest overview

Results of the Eurovision Song Contest 1986[7]
R/O Country Artist Song Points Place
1  Luxembourg Sherisse Laurence "L'Amour de ma vie" 117 3
2  Yugoslavia Doris Dragović "Željo moja" 49 11
3  France Cocktail Chic "Européennes" 13 17
4  Norway Ketil Stokkan "Romeo" 44 12
5  United Kingdom Ryder "Runner in the Night" 72 7
6  Iceland ICY "Gleðibankinn" 19 16
7  Netherlands Frizzle Sizzle "Alles heeft ritme" 40 13
8  Turkey Klips ve Onlar "Halley" 53 9
9  Spain Cadillac "Valentino" 51 10
10   Switzerland Daniela Simons "Pas pour moi" 140 2
11  Israel Moti Giladi and Sarai Tzuriel "Yavo Yom" 7 19
12  Ireland Luv Bug "You Can Count On Me" 96 4
13  Belgium Sandra Kim "J'aime la vie" 176 1
14  Germany Ingrid Peters "Über die Brücke geh'n" 62 8
15  Cyprus Elpida "Tora zo" 4 20
16  Austria Timna Brauer "Die Zeit ist einsam" 12 18
17  Sweden Lasse Holm and Monica Törnell "E' de' det här du kallar kärlek" 78 5
18  Denmark Lise Haavik "Du er fuld af løgn" 77 6
19  Finland Kari "Never the End" 22 15
20  Portugal Dora "Não sejas mau p'ra mim" 28 14

Spokespersons

Each country nominated a spokesperson who was responsible for announcing the votes for their respective country via telephone. Known spokespersons at the 1986 contest are listed below.

Detailed voting results

The winning song, Belgium's "J'aime la vie", received points from every jury (Belgium received five sets of 12 points; every country awarded Belgium at least five points except for Germany, which gave them just one point). Belgium was the leader in the voting from the results of the second jury out of twenty, in the longest winning stretch during voting since 1974. Switzerland was behind Belgium in nearly every part of the voting, but Belgium had a commanding lead from the very beginning. Traditionally some juries give high points to the host country's entrant, but this did not happen this year; no jury gave Norway's song "Romeo" more than six points out of a possible 12.

Belgium scored an absolute record at the time, with Sandra Kim earning a never seen before number of 176 points (that record remained seven years until the 1993 contest, with Ireland scoring 187 points), an average of 9.26 points per voting nation. Kim received 77.2% of the maximum possible score, which, as of 2023, still ranks 8th among all Eurovision winners.

Detailed voting results[10][11]
Total score
Luxembourg
Yugoslavia
France
Norway
United Kingdom
Iceland
Netherlands
Turkey
Spain
Switzerland
Israel
Ireland
Belgium
Germany
Cyprus
Austria
Sweden
Denmark
Finland
Portugal
Contestants
 Luxembourg 117 5 8 12 8 1 8 2 4 7 10 12 8 10 10 2 4 6
Yugoslavia 49 2 7 5 7 3 3 1 3 4 12 1 1
France 13 3 7 3
Norway 44 4 4 2 6 6 5 6 6 5
United Kingdom 72 4 10 6 6 2 4 2 5 2 3 8 8 10 2
Iceland 19 5 2 6 4 2
Netherlands 40 1 2 7 1 8 10 1 3 7
Turkey 53 6 12 2 6 8 3 6 8 2
Spain 51 7 4 6 1 2 8 1 5 3 7 3 1 3
Switzerland 140 12 6 7 5 5 3 12 10 4 12 10 12 5 4 12 4 7 10
Israel 7 1 1 5
Ireland 96 3 8 3 2 8 5 12 6 2 12 7 12 8 8
Belgium 176 10 10 12 8 10 10 10 12 10 10 5 12 1 10 6 6 10 12 12
Germany 62 8 1 12 8 7 8 5 7 2 4
Cyprus 4 3 1
Austria 12 2 1 2 6 1
Sweden 78 5 7 2 7 3 12 3 7 12 4 5 6 5
Denmark 77 5 10 6 7 4 5 3 10 4 7 7 4 5
Finland 22 6 1 1 8 3 3
Portugal 28 4 4 4 8 7 1

12 points

Below is a summary of all 12 points in the final:

N. Contestant Nation(s) giving 12 points
5  Belgium  Finland,  France,  Ireland,  Portugal,  Turkey
  Switzerland  Belgium,  Israel,  Luxembourg,  Netherlands,  Sweden
3  Ireland  Austria,  Denmark,  Spain
2  Luxembourg  Germany,  Norway
 Sweden  Iceland,   Switzerland
1  Germany  United Kingdom
 Turkey  Yugoslavia
 Yugoslavia  Cyprus

Broadcasts

Each participating broadcaster was required to relay the contest via its networks. Non-participating EBU member broadcasters were also able to relay the contest as "passive participants". Broadcasters were able to send commentators to provide coverage of the contest in their own native language and to relay information about the artists and songs to their television viewers.[12] Known details on the broadcasts in each country, including the specific broadcasting stations and commentators are shown in the tables below.

Broadcasters and commentators in participating countries
Country Broadcaster Channel(s) Commentator(s) Ref(s)
 Austria ORF FS1 Ernst Grissemann [13][14]
 Belgium RTBF RTBF1, Télé 2 Patrick Duhamel [fr] [15][16]
BRT TV1 Luc Appermont
 Cyprus CyBC RIK [17]
 Denmark DR DR TV Jørgen de Mylius [18]
KNR KNR[b] [19]
 Finland YLE TV1 Kari Lumikero [fi] [20]
2-verkko [fi]
 France Antenne 2 Patrice Laffont [21]
RFO Second canal de RFO [fr][c] [22]
 Germany ARD Erstes Deutsches Fernsehen Ado Schlier [de] [23][24]
 Iceland RÚV Sjónvarpið, Rás 1 Þorgeir Ástvaldsson [is] [25]
 Ireland RTÉ RTÉ 1 Brendan Balfe [26]
RTÉ Radio 1 Larry Gogan [27]
 Israel IBA Israeli Television, Reshet Gimel [he] [28]
 Luxembourg CLT RTL Télévision [29]
RTL plus Matthias Krings [de]
 Netherlands NOS Nederland 1 Leo van der Goot [nl] [16][30]
 Norway NRK NRK Fjernsynet, NRK P1, NRK P2 Knut Bjørnsen [31][32]
 Portugal RTP RTP1 [33]
 Spain TVE TVE 2 Antonio Gómez Mateo [34][35]
 Sweden SVT TV1 Ulf Elfving [32][9]
RR [sv] SR P3 Jacob Dahlin
  Switzerland SRG SSR TV DRS Bernard Thurnheer [de] [36]
TSR[d] Serge Moisson [fr] [37]
TSI [38]
 Turkey TRT TRT Televizyon Gülgün Baysal [39][40]
 United Kingdom BBC BBC1 Terry Wogan [41][42]
BBC Radio 2 Ray Moore
 Yugoslavia JRT TV Beograd 1, TV Titograd 1 [43]
TV Koper-Capodistria [44]
TV Ljubljana 1 [sl]
TV Novi Sad [45]
TV Prishtina [sr; sq] [43]
TV Sarajevo 1
TV Skopje 1
TV Zagreb 1 Ksenija Urličić [46]
Broadcasters and commentators in non-participating countries
Country Broadcaster Channel(s) Commentator(s) Ref(s)
 Australia SBS SBS TV[e] [47]
 Czechoslovakia ČST ČST2[f] [48]
 Estonian SSR ETV[g] [49]
 Hungary MTV MTV1 [50]
 Jordan JRTV JTV2 [51]
 Poland TP TP1[h] [52]
 Soviet Union CT USSR Programme One[g] [53]

Notes

  1. ^ On behalf of the German public broadcasting consortium ARD[6]
  2. ^ Delayed broadcast on 16 May 1986 at 21:10 (GNST)[19]
  3. ^ Delayed broadcast in Martinique on 3 July 1986 at 20:00 (AST)[22]
  4. ^ Broadcast through a second audio programme on TSI[37]
  5. ^ Deferred broadcast on 4 May at 19:30 (AEST)[47]
  6. ^ Delayed broadcast in a shortened format on 2 June 1986 at 17:15 (CEST)[48]
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 Delayed broadcast in a shortened format on 30 May 1986 at 22:15 (MSD)[49][53]
  8. ^ Delayed broadcast on 24 May 1986 at 20:00 (CEST)[52]

References

  1. ^ "History - Eurovision Song Contest 1986". Eurovision.tv. Archived from the original on 2 August 2008.
  2. ^ Bo, Tore (25 January 1986). "Hellas sier nei til Grand Prix" [Greece says no to the Grand Prix]. Rana Blad (in norsk). Mo i Rana, Norway. p. 10. Retrieved 21 June 2024 – via National Library of Norway.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Roxburgh, Gordon (2017). Songs For Europe - The United Kingdom at the Eurovision Song Contest. Volume Three: The 1980s. UK: Telos Publishing. pp. 265–276. ISBN 978-1-84583-118-9.
  4. ^ "Participants of Bergen 1986". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 31 March 2023. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
  5. ^ "1986 – 31st edition". diggiloo.net. Archived from the original on 22 March 2022. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
  6. ^ "Alle deutschen ESC-Acts und ihre Titel" [All German ESC acts and their songs]. www.eurovision.de (in Deutsch). ARD. Archived from the original on 12 June 2023. Retrieved 12 June 2023.
  7. ^ "Final of Bergen 1986". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 16 April 2021.
  8. ^ "Íslenska dómnefndin" [The Icelandic jury]. Þjóðviljinn (in íslenska). Reykjavík, Iceland. 1 May 1986. p. 2. Retrieved 28 May 2024 – via Timarit.is.
  9. ^ 9.0 9.1 Thorsson, Leif; Verhage, Martin (2006). Melodifestivalen genom tiderna : de svenska uttagningarna och internationella finalerna (in svenska). Stockholm: Premium Publishing. pp. 188–189. ISBN 91-89136-29-2.
  10. ^ "Results of the Final of Bergen 1986". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 16 April 2021.
  11. ^ "Eurovision Song Contest 1986 – Scoreboard". European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 22 October 2021.
  12. ^ "The Rules of the Contest". European Broadcasting Union. 31 October 2018. Archived from the original on 4 October 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  13. ^ "Radio – Televizija" [Radio – Television]. Slovenski vestnik (in slovenščina). Klagenfurt (Celovec), Austria. 2 May 1986. p. 7. Retrieved 11 June 2024 – via Digital Library of Slovenia.
  14. ^ Halbhuber, Axel (22 May 2015). "Ein virtueller Disput der ESC-Kommentatoren" [A virtual dispute between Eurovision commentators]. Kurier (in Deutsch). Archived from the original on 23 May 2015. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
  15. ^ "Zaterdag 3 mei" [Saturday 3 May]. Brugsch Handelsblad Weekwijzer [nl] (in Nederlands). Bruges, Belgium. 2 May 1986. p. 2. Retrieved 4 July 2024 – via Openbare Bibliotheek Brugge [nl].
  16. ^ 16.0 16.1 "Televisie zaterdag" [Television Saturday]. Algemeen Dagblad (in Nederlands). Rotterdam, Netherlands. 3 May 1986. p. 6. Retrieved 14 January 2023 – via Delpher.
  17. ^ "Τηλεοaραση" [Television]. Charavgi (in Ελληνικά). Nicosia, Cyprus. 3 May 1986. p. 4. Retrieved 4 March 2024 – via Press and Information Office [el].
  18. ^ "Alle tiders programoversigter – Lørdag den 3. maj 1986" [All-time programme overviews – Saturday 3 May 1986] (in dansk). DR. Archived from the original on 25 March 2024. Retrieved 30 April 2024.
  19. ^ 19.0 19.1 "TV-Kkut Aallakaatitassat – Tallimanngorneq 16 maj 1986/TV-Program – Fredag, den 16. maj 1986" [TV-Programme – Friday, 16 May 1986]. Atuagagdliutit (in kalaallisut and dansk). Nuuk, Greenland. 14 May 1986. p. 39. Retrieved 15 July 2024 – via Timarit.is.
  20. ^ "Radio · Televisio" [Radio · Television]. Helsingin Sanomat (in suomi). 3 May 1986. pp. 50–51. Archived from the original on 23 December 2022. Retrieved 14 November 2022.
  21. ^ "Télévision – Samedi 3 mai" [Television – Saturday 3 May]. Le Monde diplomatique. Paris, France. 3 May 1986. p. 15. Retrieved 18 June 2024 – via Internet Archive.
  22. ^ 22.0 22.1 "Television : voir et entendre, entendre pour comprendre, mais comprendre pure critiquer – 2e Canal – Jeudi 3 juillet 1986" [Television: seeing and hearing, hearing to understand, but understanding purely to criticize – 2nd Channel – Thursday July 3, 1986]. Le Progressiste (in français). Fort-de-France, Martinique. 3 July 1986. p. 9. Retrieved 17 June 2024 – via Digital Library of the Caribbean.
  23. ^ "Fernsehen". Die Welt (in Deutsch). Hamburg, West Germany. 3 May 1986. p. 15. Retrieved 26 May 2024 – via Internet Archive.
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